Barómetro de diabetes tipo 2 en atención primaria. Control metabólico, estilos de vida y perfil de morbilidad / Barometer of type 2 diabetes in primary care. Metabolic control, styles of life and morbidity profile

Objetivo: Conocer el perfil de morbilidad cardiovascular, grado de control y estilos de vida en diabetes tipo 2. Método: Estudio transversal multicéntrico aleatorizado realizado en 2015 en atención primaria con 129 diabéticos. Incluyó variables sociodemográficas, complicaciones micro- y macrovasculares, daño orgánico, comorbilidad y estilos de vida de tabaquismo, ejercicio y adherencia a dieta mediterránea. El control metabólico se valoró con la última hemoglobina glucosilada anual. Resultados: El 57,4% eran hombres y el 42,6% mujeres. El control metabólico fue aceptable (HbAc1%, 7,15%) sin diferencias por municipio. El 74,4% tenía comorbilidad cardiovascular y el 99,2% factores de riesgo. El 23,3% era fumador y el 41,1% sedentario, con una adherencia a dieta mediterránea del 56%. Conclusiones: El perfil cardiometabólico de diabetes incluye retinopatías, enfermedad arterial periférica, comorbilidad de HTA y múltiples factores de riesgo cardiovascular. La educación para la salud individual o grupal en autocuidados y estilos saludables puede mejorar el control metabólico (AU)

Objective: Knowing the profile of cardiovascular morbidity, degree of control and lifestyles in type 2 diabetes. Method: Randomized multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 in primary care with 129 diabetics. It included sociodemographic variables, microvascular and macrovascular complications, organic damage, comorbidity and lifestyles of smoking, exercise and adherence to Mediterranean diet. Metabolic control was assessed with the latest annual glycosylated haemoglobin. Results: 57% were men and 43% women. Metabolic control was acceptable (HbAc1%, 7.15%) without differences by town. 74.4% had cardiovascular comorbidity and the 99.2% risk factors. 23% were smokers and 41% sedentary with a 56% adherence to Mediterranean diet. Conclusions: The cardiometabolic profile of diabetes includes retinopathy, peripheral arterial disease, comorbidity of hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors. Individual or group health education in self-care and healthy lifestyles can improve metabolic control (AU)

Barometer of type 2 diabetes in primary care. Metabolic control, styles of life and morbidity profile. / Barómetro de diabetes tipo 2 en atención primaria. Control metabólico, estilos de vida y perfil de morbilidad.

OBJECTIVE: Knowing the profile of cardiovascular morbidity, degree of control and lifestyles in type 2 diabetes. METHOD: Randomized multicenter cross-sectional study conducted in 2015 in primary care with 129 diabetics. It included sociodemographic variables, microvascular and macrovascular complications, organic damage, comorbidity and lifestyles of smoking, exercise and adherence to Mediterranean diet. Metabolic control was assessed with the latest annual glycosylated haemoglobin. RESULTS: 57% were men and 43% women. Metabolic control was acceptable (HbAc1%, 7.15%) without differences by town. 74.4% had cardiovascular comorbidity and the 99.2% risk factors. 23% were smokers and 41% sedentary with a 56% adherence to Mediterranean diet. CONCLUSIONS: The cardiometabolic profile of diabetes includes retinopathy, peripheral arterial disease, comorbidity of hypertension and cardiovascular risk factors. Individual or group health education in self-care and healthy lifestyles can improve metabolic control.