RESUMO
The etiology of prostate cancer (PCa) remains uncertain, and the role of diet is unclear. We aimed to evaluate the role of diet, through dietary patterns, on PCa, considering tumor aggressiveness and extension. The CAPLIFE study is a population-based case-control study including a total of 428 incident PCa cases and 393 controls aged 40-80 years. Dietary information was collected through a validated food frequency questionnaire. Three dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis: "Mediterranean," "Western," and "Unhealthy," which were categorized into tertiles according to the control group cutoff points. Tumor aggressiveness and extension was determined. Logistic regression models were used to assess the association between dietary patterns and PCa. High adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with higher odds of PCa, ORT3vsT1 = 1.52 (95% CI 1.02-2.27), especially for cases with ISUP 1-2 and localized PCa tumors. This association was not observed with a Western or Mediterranean pattern. In conclusion, adherence to an unhealthy diet appears to be associated with higher odds of PCa, especially for cases with ISUP 1-2 and localized PCa tumors.
RESUMO
Los cambios demográficos y el envejecimiento paulatino dela población con insuficiencia renal crónica en tratamiento renal sustitutivo, así como las múltiples patologías asociadas determinan una población muy dependiente de un cuidador. Por todo esto, evaluamos la carga y grado de conocimientos del cuidador principal de los pacientes dependientes en tratamiento renal sustitutivo del Complexo Hospitalario de Ourense. Con los resultados obtenidos realizamos una intervención educativa, valorando posteriormente su efectividad. Se determinó que pacientes son dependientes en su tratamiento y autocuidados y se realizó un estudio de sus cuidadores. Se aplicó la escala sobre carga del cuidador de Zarity Zarit y la escala sobre conocimientos del cuidador principal, antes y después de la intervención educativa. En nuestra población el 24,5 % de los pacientes en HD y el 33,3 % en DP son dependientes de un cuidador. Los cuidadores no percibían sobrecarga, siendo el grado similar en ambos tipos de diálisis (hospitalaria vs domiciliaria) y además esta percepción disminuía con el tiempo como cuidador. El grado de conocimientos del cuidador aumentó significativamente tras la intervención educativa. Es importante dar una información adecuada al inicio del tratamiento y continuarla a lo largo del mismo, ya que por sí solos los cuidadores no aumentan el nivel de conocimientos
Good education improves quality of life; the demographic changes and the gradual ageing of the population with chronicrenal insufficiency in substitutive renal treatment, and the many associated pathologies determine a populationthat is highly dependent on carers. We therefore evaluate the load and knowledge of the main carers of dependent patients in substitutive renal treatment in the Ourense Hospital Complex. With the results, we perform an educational intervention and follow up by evaluating its effectiveness. It is determined which patients are dependent in their treatment and those who look after themselves, and a study is made of the carers. The Zarit and Zarit scale is applied to the load of the carer and the knowledge of the main care before and after the education. In our population, 24.5 % of the patients in HD and 33.3% in DP are dependent on a carer. The carers perceived no overloading, and the load was similar in both types of dialysis (hospital v home), this perception also falling with their time as carers. The carers knowledge increases significantly following the intervention; suitable information must be given at the beginning of the treatment, and must be continued throughout, as the carers do not increase their knowledge without help
