Symptoms and Etiological Attribution: A Cross-Sectional Study in Mexican Outpatients with Psychosis and Their Relatives.

This cross-sectional study aimed at identifying the most common attributions of their mental disorder in a Mexican patients who have experienced psychosis and their relatives and exploring how having experienced or not characteristic psychotic symptoms and their present clinical status might affect their etiological attributions. Past and current symptom profiles of 66 patients were as assessed with the SCID-I (Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders) and the PANSS (Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale), respectively. The etiological attribution of psychosis of patients (n = 62) and the relatives (n = 65) was assessed with the Angermeyer and Klusmann scale comprising 30 items into five categories: biology, personality, family, society, and esoteric. Patients and relatives attribute psychosis mainly to social factors. Relatives' attributions were not influenced by clinical profile of patients, whereas in the case of patients it was only current clinical status that showed a difference, with those in nonremission scoring higher personality and family factors. Acknowledging patients' and relatives' beliefs about mental disorders at onset and later on is particularly important in psychosis, a mental condition with severe and/or persistent symptoms, in order to promote better involvement in treatment and in consequence efficacy and recovery.

Proceso de Adaptación al Castellano de la Escala de Evaluación Comunitaria de Experiencias Psíquicas (CAPE) / Process of adaptation to Spanish of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE)

Introducción. La investigación de los factores de vulnerabilidad a la psicosis y la prevención secundaria es una área de gran interés clínico en la actualidad. El objetivo del presente estudio es la adaptación lingüística y cultural de la Escala de Evaluación Comunitaria de Experiencias Psíquicas (CAPE). La CAPE es una escala autoinformada que recoge tres dimensiones básicas del espectro psicótico (positiva, negativa y depresiva) con el fin de evaluar experiencias cuasi psicóticas y síntomas psicóticos en población general, y, por consiguiente, el posible riesgo a desarrollar patología psicótica. Método. Se ha empleado la metodología de traducción retrotraducción para la adaptación de la versión de 42 ítems de la escala CAPE. Los ítems vertidos al castellano fueron traducidos de nuevo al inglés y clasificados en una escala de equivalencia semántica y conceptual para determinar la coincidencia de los ítems retrotraducidos con los originales en inglés. Resultados. Todos los ítems traducidos y adaptados al castellano por la asesora bilingüe y una experta en la escala CAPE recibieron una valoración de equivalencia tipo A (perfecta)o tipo B (satisfactoria).Conclusiones. La CAPE en su versión castellana goza de una buena paridad con la original en inglés, lo que es garantía de una medición adecuada de los síntomas cuasipsicóticos en muestras poblacionales de habla castellana. Convendría en futuros estudios verificar la fiabilidad y validez del instrumento adaptado (AU)

Introduction. Research on vulnerability factors of psychosis and its secondary prevention is currently an area of great clinical interest. The objective of this study is to make a linguistic and cultural adaptation of the “Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) scale.” The CAPE is a self-rated scale assessing three basic dimensions of the psychosis spectrum (positive, negative and depressive) in order to evaluate psychotic-like experiences and psychotic symptoms in the general population and therefore the potential risk of developing a psychotic disorder. Method. The translation-back translation methodology was applied to the 42-item CAPE version. The items translated to Spanish were back translated to English and rated on a semantic and conceptual equivalence scale to determine the coincidence of the back translated items with the original English version. Results. All items translated and adapted by the Spanish bilingual consultant, and rated by an expert on the CAPE, received a type A (perfect) or B (satisfactory) equivalence assessment. Conclusions. The Spanish version of the CAPE has good parity with the original English version. This guarantees proper measurement of psychotic-like symptoms in samples of Spanish-speaking populations. Future studies should assess the reliability and validity of this adapted instrument (AU)

Process of adaptation to Spanish of the Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE).

INTRODUCTION: Research on vulnerability factors of psychosis and its secondary prevention is currently an area of great clinical interest. The objective of this study is to make a linguistic and cultural adaptation of the "Community Assessment of Psychic Experiences (CAPE) scale." The CAPE is a self-rated scale assessing three basic dimensions of the psychosis spectrum (positive, negative and depressive) in order to evaluate psychotic-like experiences and psychotic symptoms in the general population and therefore the potential risk of developing a psychotic disorder. METHOD: The translation-backtranslation methodology was applied to the 42-item CAPE version. The items translated to Spanish were backtranslated to English and rated on a semantic and conceptual equivalence scale to determine the coincidence of the backtranslated items with the original English version. RESULTS: All items translated and adapted by the Spanish bilingual consultant, and rated by an expert on the CAPE, received a type A (perfect) or B (satisfactory) equivalence assessment. CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the CAPE has good parity with the original English version. This guarantees proper measurement of psychotic-like symptoms in samples of Spanish-speaking populations. Future studies should assess the reliability and validity of this adapted instrument.