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1.
Mini Rev Med Chem ; 23(3): 320-335, 2023.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35733302

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: Mushrooms are consumed worldwide due to their high nutritional and nutraceutical values. In addition to the presence of various vitamins, low-fat, and proteins, they are also an important source of trace elements, dietary fibers, and bioactive compounds. Their potential therapeutic properties are due to their multiple biological effects, such as antimicrobial, antiviral, antioxidant, anticancer, immune-modulating, cardioprotective, and antidiabetic properties. The global market of mushroom farming is anticipated to witness remarkable progress for its potential application in health products, profitable production and a rising demand for the healthy foods across the globe. The Asia Pacific marketplace seems to represent the major market of mushrooms, due to the higher per capita consumption of culinary and medical purposes. OBJECTIVE: Mushrooms have generally low calories, low levels of cholesterol, fats, gluten and sodium. Several biological effects of mushroom are due to the presence of phenolic components, polysaccharides, terpenoids, terphenyl-related compounds, and many other lower molecular weight molecules. This review aims at describing the chemical characterization of several mushrooms species and their biological effects. CONCLUSION: The current review describes different secondary metabolites found in several mushrooms and mushrooms extracts, and the molecular mechanisms underlying the biological activities. Also the antimicrobial activities of mushrooms, mushrooms extracts and isolated compounds from mushrooms were described. The description of these activities, related to the presence of specific classes of secondary metabolites and isolated compounds, may lead to the identification of mycomplexes and mushrooms compounds that may be further studied for their potential application in nutraceutical products.


Assuntos
Agaricales , Agaricales/química , Suplementos Nutricionais , Antioxidantes/uso terapêutico , Polissacarídeos/metabolismo , Ásia
2.
Int. microbiol ; 25(1): 153-164, Ene. 2022. graf
Artigo em Inglês | IBECS | ID: ibc-216019

RESUMO

The genus Fusarium can be utilized to produce a great variety of secondary metabolites under specific culture conditions, including pigments of increasing biotechnological interest, such as bikaverin. Such pigments are important due to the biological properties they possess, including antitumor and antibiotic activities, among others. In Fusarium fujikuroi, bik1–bik6 have been identified as the genes that are responsible for the synthesis of bikaverin. Therefore, in this study, we screened for the presence of bik genes and examined changes in mRNA levels of the bik genes under the influence of NH4NO3 (0.024, 0.048, 0.50, 1.0, and 4.60 g L−1) and NH4Cl (0.50 and 1.0 g L−1) as nitrogen sources for the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Our results indicated the presence of at least six bik (bik1–bik6) genes and showed increased mRNA levels for bik4, bik5, and bik6 in conditions where NH4NO3 was used at pH 3.0. The characteristic coloration of bikaverin was obtained in 10 out of 16 culture conditions, except when the fungus was grown with higher concentrations of NH4NO3 (1.0 and 4.60 g L−1). The pigment was chloroform-extracted from the culture conditions of NH4NO3 (0.024, 0.048, and 0.50 g L−1) and NH4Cl (0.50 and 1.0 g L−1) with 3 and 9 days of incubation. Analysis via visible spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry were used for the identification of bikaverin.(AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Corantes , Naftoquinonas , Fusarium , Microbiologia
3.
Int Microbiol ; 25(1): 153-164, 2022 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34455510

RESUMO

The genus Fusarium can be utilized to produce a great variety of secondary metabolites under specific culture conditions, including pigments of increasing biotechnological interest, such as bikaverin. Such pigments are important due to the biological properties they possess, including antitumor and antibiotic activities, among others. In Fusarium fujikuroi, bik1-bik6 have been identified as the genes that are responsible for the synthesis of bikaverin. Therefore, in this study, we screened for the presence of bik genes and examined changes in mRNA levels of the bik genes under the influence of NH4NO3 (0.024, 0.048, 0.50, 1.0, and 4.60 g L-1) and NH4Cl (0.50 and 1.0 g L-1) as nitrogen sources for the phytopathogen Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Our results indicated the presence of at least six bik (bik1-bik6) genes and showed increased mRNA levels for bik4, bik5, and bik6 in conditions where NH4NO3 was used at pH 3.0. The characteristic coloration of bikaverin was obtained in 10 out of 16 culture conditions, except when the fungus was grown with higher concentrations of NH4NO3 (1.0 and 4.60 g L-1). The pigment was chloroform-extracted from the culture conditions of NH4NO3 (0.024, 0.048, and 0.50 g L-1) and NH4Cl (0.50 and 1.0 g L-1) with 3 and 9 days of incubation. Analysis via visible spectroscopy and matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight mass spectrometry were used for the identification of bikaverin.


Assuntos
Fusarium , Xantonas , Fusarium/genética , Nitrogênio
4.
Curr Pharm Biotechnol ; 23(1): 72-97, 2022.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33050862

RESUMO

Nutritional supplementations are a form of nutrition sources that may help in improving the health complexities of a person throughout his or her life span. Being also categorized as food supplementations, nutraceuticals are products that are extracted from edible sources with medical benefits as well as primary nutritional values. Nutraceuticals can be considered as functional foods. There are evidences that nutraceutical supplementations can alter the commensal gut microbiota and help to prevent or fight against chronic non-communicable degenerative diseases in adults, including neurological disorders (Autism Spectrum Disorder [ASD], Parkinson's disease [PD], Multiple sclerosis [MS]) and metabolic disorders (Type-II diabetes, obesity and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease). They can even lessen the complexities of preterm babies like extra-uterine growth restriction, necrotizing enterocolitis, infant eczema and allergy (during pregnancy) as well as bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Molecular perception of inflammatory and apoptotic modulators regulating the pathogenesis of these health risks, their control and management by probiotics and prebiotics could further emphasize the scientific overview of their utility. In this study, the pivotal role of nutraceutical supplementations in regulating or modulating molecular pathways in the above non-communicable diseases is briefly described. This work also gives an overall introduction of the sophisticated genome-editing techniques and advanced delivery systems in therapeutic activities applicable under these health risks.


Assuntos
Transtorno do Espectro Autista , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Probióticos , Adulto , Suplementos Nutricionais , Feminino , Humanos , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Prebióticos , Gravidez
5.
Biomater Sci ; 9(10): 3576-3602, 2021 May 18.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34008586

RESUMO

The outstretched applications of biosensors in diverse domains has become the reason for their attraction for scientific communities. Because they are analytical devices, they can detect both quantitative and qualitative biological components through the generation of detectable signals. In the recent past, biosensors witnessed significant changes and developments in their design as well as features. Nanotechnology has revolutionized sensing phenomena by increasing biodiagnostic capacity in terms of specificity, size, and cost, resulting in exceptional sensitivity and flexibility. The steep increase of non-communicable diseases across the world has emerged as a matter of concern. In parallel, the abrupt outbreak of communicable diseases poses a serious threat to mankind. For decreasing the morbidity and mortality associated with various communicable and non-communicable diseases, early detection and subsequent treatment are indispensable. Detection of different biological markers generates quantifiable signals that can be electrochemical, mass-based, optical, thermal, or piezoelectric. Speculating on the incumbent applicability and versatility of nano-biosensors in large disciplines, this review highlights different types of biosensors along with their components and detection mechanisms. Moreover, it deals with the current advancements made in biosensors and the applications of nano-biosensors in detection of various non-communicable and communicable diseases, as well as future prospects of nano-biosensors for diagnostics.


Assuntos
Técnicas Biossensoriais , Doenças Transmissíveis , Biomarcadores , Doenças Transmissíveis/diagnóstico , Humanos , Nanotecnologia
6.
J Nanobiotechnology ; 19(1): 30, 2021 Jan 22.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33482828

RESUMO

BACKGROUND: The advances in products based on nanotechnology have directed extensive research on low-cost, biologically compatible, and easily degradable materials. MAIN BODY: Sericin (SER) is a protein mainly composed of glycine, serine, aspartic acid, and threonine amino acids removed from the silkworm cocoon (particularly Bombyx mori and other species). SER is a biocompatible material with economic viability, which can be easily functionalized due to its potential crosslink reactions. Also, SER has inherent biological properties, which makes possible its use as a component of pharmaceutical formulations with several biomedical applications, such as anti-tumor, antimicrobials, antioxidants and as scaffolds for tissue repair as well as participating in molecular mechanisms attributed to the regulation of transcription factors, reduction of inflammatory signaling molecules, stimulation of apoptosis, migration, and proliferation of mesenchymal cells. CONCLUSION: In this review, the recent innovations on SER-based nano-medicines (nanoparticles, micelles, films, hydrogels, and their hybrid systems) and their contributions for non-conventional therapies are discussed considering different molecular mechanisms for promoting their therapeutic applications.


Assuntos
Materiais Biocompatíveis/química , Materiais Biocompatíveis/uso terapêutico , Nanoestruturas/química , Sericinas/química , Sericinas/uso terapêutico , Animais , Materiais Biocompatíveis/isolamento & purificação , Materiais Biocompatíveis/farmacologia , Bombyx/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Humanos , Nanomedicina/métodos , Nanotecnologia/métodos , Sericinas/isolamento & purificação , Sericinas/farmacologia , Alicerces Teciduais/química
7.
Molecules ; 25(12)2020 Jun 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32575630

RESUMO

Heparin-based silver nanoparticles (AgHep-NPs) and gold nanoparticles (AuHep-NPs) were produced by a photochemical method using silver nitrate and chloroauric acid as metal precursors and UV light at 254 nm. UV-Vis spectroscopy graphs showed absorption for AgHep-NPs and AuHep-NPs at 420 nm and 530 nm, respectively. TEM revealed a pseudospherical morphology and a small size, corresponding to 10-25 nm for AgHep-NPs and 1.5-7.5 nm for AuHep-NPs. Their antifungal activity against Candida albicans, Issatchenkia orientalis (Candida krusei), and Candida parapsilosis was assessed by the microdilution method. We show that AgHep-NPs were effective in decreasing fungus density, whereas AuHep-NPs were not. Additionally, the viability of human gingival fibroblasts was preserved by both nanoparticle types at a level above 80%, indicating a slight cytotoxicity. These results are potentially useful for applications of the described NPs mainly in dentistry and, to a lesser extent, in other biomedical areas.


Assuntos
Antifúngicos , Candida/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Citotoxinas , Fibroblastos/metabolismo , Gengiva/metabolismo , Ouro , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Processos Fotoquímicos , Prata/química , Antifúngicos/síntese química , Antifúngicos/química , Antifúngicos/farmacologia , Linhagem Celular , Citotoxinas/síntese química , Citotoxinas/química , Citotoxinas/farmacologia , Ouro/química , Ouro/farmacologia , Humanos
8.
Phytother Res ; 34(6): 1248-1267, 2020 Jun.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31997473

RESUMO

Medicinal herbs are one of the imperative sources of drugs all over the world. Star anise (Illicium verum), an evergreen, medium-sized tree with star-shaped fruit, is an important herb with wide distribution throughout southwestern parts of the Asian continent. Besides its use as spice in culinary, star anise is one of the vital ingredients of the Chinese medicinal herbs and is widely known for its antiviral effects. It is also the source of the precursor molecule, shikimic acid, which is used in the manufacture of oseltamivir (Tamiflu®), an antiviral medication for influenza A and influenza B. Besides, several other molecules with numerous biological benefits including the antiviral effects have been reported from the same plant. Except the antiviral potential, star anise possesses a number of other potentials such as antioxidant, antimicrobial, antifungal, anthelmintic, insecticidal, secretolytic, antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory, gastroprotective, sedative properties, expectorant and spasmolytic, and estrogenic effects. This review aimed to integrate the information on the customary attributes of the plant star anise with a specific prominence on its antiviral properties and the phytochemical constituents along with its clinical aptness.


Assuntos
Antivirais/uso terapêutico , Frutas/química , Illicium/química
9.
Rev. colomb. biotecnol ; 21(1): 113-127, ene.-jun. 2019. tab, graf
Artigo em Inglês | LILACS-Express | LILACS | ID: biblio-1013904

RESUMO

ABSTRACT Lactic acid (LA) is an organic compound used in several industries, such as food, textile, chemical, and pharmaceutical. The global interest in this product is due to its use for the synthesis of numerous chemical compounds, including polylactic acid, a biodegradable thermoplastic and substitute for petroleum-derived plastics. An in-depth overview of the use of industrial and household wastes as inexpensive substrates in order to reduce the cost of LA production is presented. A review is carried out of the biotechnological aspects that must be taken into account when using some wastes with high transformation potential to produce LA in a submerged culture, as well recommendations for their use. The advantages and disadvantages of different types of treatments used for the transformation of waste into suitable substrates are considered. Several methods of fermentation, as well as genetic strategies for increasing the production, are summarized and compared. It is expected that in a few years there will be many advances in these areas that will allow greater large-scale production of LA using agroindustrial or household wastes, with potential positive economic and environmental impact in some regions of the planet.


RESUMEN El ácido láctico (AL) es un compuesto orgánico utilizado en diferentes industrias como la alimentaria, textil, química y farmacéutica. El interés mundial en este producto se debe a su uso para la síntesis de numerosos compuestos químicos, entre los que se incluye el ácido poliláctico, un termoplástico biodegradable y substituto del plástico derivado del petróleo. En este artículo se presenta una descripción general y en profundidad, del uso de residuos agroindustriales y domésticos como sustratos económicos para reducir los costos de producción del AL. La revisión aborda los aspectos biotecnológicos que deben ser considerados al utilizar algunos residuos con alto potencial de transformación para producir AL en un cultivo sumergido, así como algunas recomendaciones para su uso. Además, se consideran las ventajas y desventajas de diferentes tipos de tratamientos empleados para la transformación de residuos en sustratos adecuados. Finalmente, se resumen y comparan varios métodos de fermentación, así como estrategias genéticas para incrementar la producción de ácido láctico. Se espera que en pocos años existan más avances en esta área, que permitan una mayor producción de AL a gran escala usando residuos agroindustriales y domésticos, con un impacto económico y ambiental positivo, en algunas regiones del planeta.

10.
J Nanobiotechnology ; 16(1): 71, 2018 Sep 19.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30231877

RESUMO

Nanomedicine and nano delivery systems are a relatively new but rapidly developing science where materials in the nanoscale range are employed to serve as means of diagnostic tools or to deliver therapeutic agents to specific targeted sites in a controlled manner. Nanotechnology offers multiple benefits in treating chronic human diseases by site-specific, and target-oriented delivery of precise medicines. Recently, there are a number of outstanding applications of the nanomedicine (chemotherapeutic agents, biological agents, immunotherapeutic agents etc.) in the treatment of various diseases. The current review, presents an updated summary of recent advances in the field of nanomedicines and nano based drug delivery systems through comprehensive scrutiny of the discovery and application of nanomaterials in improving both the efficacy of novel and old drugs (e.g., natural products) and selective diagnosis through disease marker molecules. The opportunities and challenges of nanomedicines in drug delivery from synthetic/natural sources to their clinical applications are also discussed. In addition, we have included information regarding the trends and perspectives in nanomedicine area.


Assuntos
Portadores de Fármacos/química , Sistemas de Liberação de Medicamentos/métodos , Nanomedicina/métodos , Nanoestruturas/química , Animais , Produtos Biológicos/administração & dosagem , Descoberta de Drogas/métodos , Humanos , Nanotecnologia/métodos , Preparações Farmacêuticas/administração & dosagem
11.
Front Microbiol ; 8: 29, 2017.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28194138

RESUMO

Understanding the relationship between phylogeny and predicted traits is important to uncover the dimension of the predictive power of a microbial composition approach. Numerous works have addressed the taxonomic composition of bacteria in communities, but little is known about trait heterogeneity in closely related bacteria that co-occur in communities. We evaluated a sample of 467 isolates from the Churince water system of the Cuatro Cienegas Basin (CCB), enriched for Bacillus spp. The 16S rRNA gene revealed a random distribution of taxonomic groups within this genus among 11 sampling sites. A subsample of 141 Bacillus spp. isolates from sediment, with seven well-represented species was chosen to evaluate the heterogeneity and the phylogenetic signal of phenotypic traits that are known to diverge within small clades, such as substrate utilization, and traits that are conserved deep in the lineage, such as prototrophy, swarming and biofilm formation. We were especially interested in evaluating social traits, such as swarming and biofilm formation, for which cooperation is needed to accomplish a multicellular behavior and for which there is little information from natural communities. The phylogenetic distribution of traits, evaluated by the Purvis and Fritz's D statistics approached a Brownian model of evolution. Analysis of the phylogenetic relatedness of the clusters of members sharing the trait using consenTRAIT algorithm, revealed more clustering and deeper phylogenetic signal for prototrophy, biofilm and swimming compared to the data obtained for substrate utilization. The explanation to the observed Brownian evolution of social traits could be either loss due to complete dispensability or to compensated trait loss due to the availability of public goods. Since many of the evaluated traits can be considered to be collective action traits, such as swarming, motility and biofilm formation, the observed microdiversity within taxonomic groups might be explained by distributed functions in structured communities.

12.
Appl Environ Microbiol ; 82(15): 4652-62, 2016 08 01.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27235437

RESUMO

UNLABELLED: Phosphorus (P) plays a fundamental role in the physiology and biochemistry of all living things. Recent evidence indicates that organisms in the oceans can break down and use P forms in different oxidation states (e.g., +5, +3, +1, and -3); however, information is lacking for organisms from soil and sediment. The Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (CCB), Mexico, is an oligotrophic ecosystem with acute P limitation, providing a great opportunity to assess the various strategies that bacteria from soil and sediment use to obtain P. We measured the activities in sediment and soil of different exoenzymes involved in P recycling and evaluated 1,163 bacterial isolates (mainly Bacillus spp.) for their ability to use six different P substrates. DNA turned out to be a preferred substrate, comparable to a more bioavailable P source, potassium phosphate. Phosphodiesterase activity, required for DNA degradation, was observed consistently in the sampled-soil and sediment communities. A capability to use phosphite (PO3 (3-)) and calcium phosphate was observed mainly in sediment isolates. Phosphonates were used at a lower frequency by both soil and sediment isolates, and phosphonatase activity was detected only in soil communities. Our results revealed that soil and sediment bacteria are able to break down and use P forms in different oxidation states and contribute to ecosystem P cycling. Different strategies for P utilization were distributed between and within the different taxonomic lineages analyzed, suggesting a dynamic movement of P utilization traits among bacteria in microbial communities. IMPORTANCE: Phosphorus (P) is an essential element for life found in molecules, such as DNA, cell walls, and in molecules for energy transfer, such as ATP. The Valley of Cuatro Ciénegas, Coahuila (Mexico), is a unique desert characterized by an extreme limitation of P and a great diversity of microbial life. How do bacteria in this valley manage to obtain P? We measured the availability of P and the enzymatic activity associated with P release in soil and sediment. Our results revealed that soil and sediment bacteria can break down and use P forms in different oxidation states and contribute to ecosystem P cycling. Even genetically related bacterial isolates exhibited different preferences for molecules, such as DNA, calcium phosphate, phosphite, and phosphonates, as substrates to obtain P, evidencing a distribution of roles for P utilization and suggesting a dynamic movement of P utilization traits among bacteria in microbial communities.


Assuntos
Bactérias/metabolismo , Sedimentos Geológicos/análise , Fósforo/metabolismo , Solo/química , Bactérias/genética , Bactérias/crescimento & desenvolvimento , Bactérias/isolamento & purificação , Biodiversidade , Ecossistema , Sedimentos Geológicos/microbiologia , Fósforo/análise , Filogenia , Microbiologia do Solo
13.
Front Microbiol ; 7: 58, 2016.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26903955

RESUMO

Bacterial genomes undergo numerous events of gene losses and gains that generate genome variability among strains of the same species (microevolution). Our aim was to compare the genomes and relevant phenotypes of three Bacillus coahuilensis strains from two oligotrophic hydrological systems in the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin (México), to unveil the environmental challenges that this species cope with, and the microevolutionary differences in these genotypes. Since the strains were isolated from a low P environment, we placed emphasis on the search of different phosphorus acquisition strategies. The three B. coahuilensis strains exhibited similar numbers of coding DNA sequences, of which 82% (2,893) constituted the core genome, and 18% corresponded to accessory genes. Most of the genes in this last group were associated with mobile genetic elements (MGEs) or were annotated as hypothetical proteins. Ten percent of the pangenome consisted of strain-specific genes. Alignment of the three B. coahuilensis genomes indicated a high level of synteny and revealed the presence of several genomic islands. Unexpectedly, one of these islands contained genes that encode the 2-keto-3-deoxymannooctulosonic acid (Kdo) biosynthesis enzymes, a feature associated to cell walls of Gram-negative bacteria. Some microevolutionary changes were clearly associated with MGEs. Our analysis revealed inconsistencies between phenotype and genotype, which we suggest result from the impossibility to map regulatory features to genome analysis. Experimental results revealed variability in the types and numbers of auxotrophies between the strains that could not consistently be explained by in silico metabolic models. Several intraspecific differences in preferences for carbohydrate and phosphorus utilization were observed. Regarding phosphorus recycling, scavenging, and storage, variations were found between the three genomes. The three strains exhibited differences regarding alkaline phosphatase that revealed that in addition to gene gain and loss, regulation adjustment of gene expression also has contributed to the intraspecific diversity of B. coahuilensis.

14.
Int J Nurs Knowl ; 27(1): 10-6, 2016 Jan.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25612148

RESUMO

PURPOSE: This study aims to evaluate the psychometric properties and sensitivity to change of the Spanish version of the Pain Level Outcome Scale. METHODS: This article applied observational longitudinal validation study with patients suffering from acute pain at three hospitals. FINDINGS: The study included 73 patients. Inter-rater agreement was kappa = .88 and internal consistency α = .93. Principal components analysis yielded four components that explained 81.86% of the variance; the correlation with the Numerical Pain Intensity Scale was r = -.81. CONCLUSIONS: The version with 17 indicators shows good psychometric properties and adequate sensitivity to change. A Spanish version of the Pain Level Outcome Scale with 17 indicators is proposed as a structured multidimensional instrument to help nurses choose the most appropriate indicators for assessing patients' pain.


Assuntos
Dor Aguda/diagnóstico , Hospitalização , Medição da Dor , Psicometria , Adulto , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Variações Dependentes do Observador , Espanha
15.
Int J Mol Sci ; 15(10): 19239-52, 2014 Oct 23.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25342319

RESUMO

Reactive and pharmaceutical-grade heparins were used as biologically compatible reducing and stabilizing agents to photochemically synthesize colloidal gold nanoparticles. Aggregates and anisotropic shapes were obtained photochemically under UV black-light lamp irradiation (λ = 366 nm). Heparin-functionalized gold nanoparticles were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The negatively charged colloids were used for the Surface Enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) analysis of differently charged analytes (dyes). Measurements of pH were taken to inspect how the acidity of the medium affects the colloid-analyte interaction. SERS spectra were taken by mixing the dyes and the colloidal solutions without further functionalization or addition of any aggregating agent.


Assuntos
Coloide de Ouro/química , Ouro/química , Heparina/química , Nanopartículas Metálicas/química , Microscopia Eletrônica de Varredura/métodos , Análise Espectral Raman/métodos
16.
Gerokomos (Madr., Ed. impr.) ; 25(2): 68-71, jun. 2014. graf
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-127308

RESUMO

Objetivo: determinar el efecto a medio plazo de las enfermeras gestoras de casos hospitalarias sobre la sobre la calidad de vida de las cuidadoras. Método: se realizó un estudio observacional, analítico de tipo cohortes, (gestoras frente a control), entre los pacientes pluripatológicos ingresados en el Complejo Hospitalario de Jaén. La calidad de vida se midió mediante el cuestionario SF-36 durante el ingreso y tras 90 días del alta. Se realizó también el cálculo de las puntuaciones sumario que permite el cuestionario: componente sumario física (CSF) y mental (CSM), mediante la combinación de las puntuaciones de cada dimensión, presentándose como puntuaciones basadas en la normalidad de la población española. Resultados: la puntuación del SF-36 es superior en la cohorte de control en todas las dimensiones durante todo el estudio. La dimensión del rol físico cuando el paciente está ingresado es la que peor puntuación tiene, aunque mejora notablemente tras el alta. La CSF y CSM de las cuidadoras está por debajo de la media española tanto durante el ingreso como a los 90 días del alta. La CSF del grupo gestoras mejora al alta, mientras que empeora en el grupo control. Al contrario ocurre con la CSM, que empeora en el grupo gestoras y mejora en el control. Conclusiones: las cuidadoras de pacientes pluripatológicos presentan una importante afectación en el rol físico al ingreso, que mejora notablemente a los 90 días del alta. La CSF y CSM están por debajo de la media española


Aims: To determine the medium-term impact of Hospital Nurses Case Managers on the quality of life of carers. Methods: An observational study cohort type (case-nurse managers vs. control), among patients with complex chronic disease admitted to the Jaén University Hospital. Quality of life was measured by the SF-36 at admission and after 90 days of discharge. Also performed the calculation of summary scores that allows the questionnaire: physical component summary (PCS) and mental (MCS), by combining the scores for each dimension, appearing as normal scores based on Spanish population. Results: The score of the SF-36 is higher in the control group in all dimensions throughout the study. The dimension of the physical role when the patient is admitted is the worst score has improved significantly after discharge. The PCS and MCS is below the Spanish average both during admission and 90 days after discharge. The case-nurse managing group PCS improves to discharge, while worsening in the control group. Unlike the case with MCS worsening in group case-nurse and improving in the control. Conclusions: The caregivers of patients with multiple comorbidities have a significant affectation in the admission physical role, dramatically improving after 90 days of discharge. The CSF and CSM are below the Spanish average


Assuntos
Humanos , Administração de Caso , Cuidadores/psicologia , Cuidados de Enfermagem/métodos , Psicometria/instrumentação , Qualidade de Vida , Pacientes Domiciliares , Estudos de Casos e Controles
17.
Cienc. enferm ; 20(1): 61-74, abr. 2014. ilus
Artigo em Espanhol | LILACS | ID: lil-710953

RESUMO

Diversos son los factores que generan disparidades en el acceso al sistema de salud y en su utilización, lo que produce desigualdades tanto en la promoción de la salud como en las posibilidades del restablecimiento y supervivencia tras una enfermedad. El propósito del estudio fue determinar la relación entre estilo de vida promotor de salud y variables psicosociales, demográficas y de salud, en las comunas de Coronel y Concepción. Material y método: Corresponde a un estudio descriptivo y correlacional, de orientación cuantitativa. La población de estudio estuvo constituida por 441 adultos, de ambos sexos, entre 20 y 65 años, asistentes en el 2011 a establecimientos de atención primaria de salud. La muestra fue no aleatoria, con cuotas sexo y edad. El instrumento utilizado fue la Escala Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. El procesamiento de la información se realizó con el Programa SAS. Resultados: Se encontró asociación significativa entre estilo de vida promotor en salud y determinantes estructurales como: el lugar de residencia, edad, sexo, educación, ingresos. Se encontraron asociaciones significativas en variables psicosociales como: percepción de problemas del entorno; satisfacción con aspectos de la vida; apoyo afectivo; apoyo y confianza; autoestima y autoeficacia. Conclusiones: Los resultados permiten reafirmar la relevancia de considerar, además de los factores estructurales, los factores psicosociales en la mirada y en la intervención en salud para potenciar estilos de vida promotores de salud. Los factores psicosociales se encuentran fuertemente asociados a estilos de vida promotores de salud...


There are many factors that create disparities in access and use of health systems, resulting inequalities in both health promotion and the possibilities of recovery and survival after an illness. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationship between lifestyle health promoter and psychosocial, demographic and health variables, in the communes of Coronel and Concepción. Methods: It is a descriptive and correlational study, quantitative orientation. The study population consisted of 441 adults, both sexes, between 20 and 65 years old users of primary health care in 2011. The sample was not random, with quotas for gender and age. The instrument used to measure was the Scale Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile II. The information processing was performed with SAS program. Results: A significant association was found between the life style health promoter and structural determinants such as place of residence, age, sex, education, income. Significant associations were found in psychosocial variables such as perception of environmental problems; satisfaction with aspects of life, emotional support, support and confidence, self-esteem and self-efficacy. Conclusions: Results suggest the need of considering, besides to structural factors, the psychosocial factors at the gaze and health intervention for enhancing health promoting life styles. Psychosocial factors are strongly associated with health promoting life styles...


Assuntos
Humanos , Masculino , Adulto , Feminino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Promoção da Saúde , Estilo de Vida , Condições Sociais , Chile
18.
J Clin Nurs ; 23(19-20): 2814-21, 2014 Oct.
Artigo em Inglês | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24479812

RESUMO

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES: To determine the medium-term effects of nurse case management on the dependence and satisfaction of patients with complex chronic disease and on caregiver burden. BACKGROUND: Caregiver exhaustion increases the readmission rate of highly dependent patients with complex chronic disease and their consumption of primary care resources. DESIGN: An observational and analytical cohort study was undertaken in multimorbid patients. METHODS: Data were gathered on Barthel Index and Caregiver Burden Index scores, primary care resource consumption, readmission and mortality rates, and patient satisfaction with care and care continuity. Results were compared between nurse case-managed (n = 62) and control (n = 193) multimorbid patients using univariate and bivariate analyses. RESULTS: The study included 255 patients with complex chronic disease (24·32% in management cohort vs. 75·68% in control cohort). The nurse case-managed group had significantly lower Barthel Index and higher Caregiver Burden Index scores and a significantly longer hospital stay. At 90 days postdischarge, no significant intergroup differences were observed in Barthel Index or Caregiver Burden Index scores, primary care resource consumption, readmission rate or mortality rate; the case-managed patients showed a significantly higher satisfaction level with their care and its continuity. CONCLUSIONS: Nurse case management prevents a postdischarge increase in the dependence of multimorbid patients and the burden of their caregivers. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE: Application of nurse case management can reduce the readmission rate and primary care consumption of patients with chronic complex disease after their hospital stay and prevent an exacerbation of caregiver exhaustion.


Assuntos
Cuidadores/psicologia , Enfermeiros Administradores , Administração dos Cuidados ao Paciente , Satisfação do Paciente , Idoso , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Doença Crônica/mortalidade , Doença Crônica/enfermagem , Estudos de Coortes , Efeitos Psicossociais da Doença , Feminino , Hospitalização/estatística & dados numéricos , Hospitais Universitários , Humanos , Tempo de Internação , Masculino
19.
Enferm Clin ; 23(4): 154-9, 2013.
Artigo em Espanhol | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23916812

RESUMO

AIMS: To translate and culturally adapt the Pain Level outcome to the Spanish context to validate the contents of the Spanish version of the «Pain level¼ outcome. METHOD: The original English version of the «Pain level¼ outcome was translated into Spanish (twice); then back-translated into English, and all the discrepancies were resolved after consulting with NOC authors. A panel consisting of 21 experts in pain care assessed this culturally adapted Spanish version, in order to score the content validity. In the first step, the experts scored the adequacy of each indicator to the concept «Pain level¼. In the second round, three new indicators were scored. The Statistical analysis included content validity index (CVI), probability of agreement by chance, and modified kappa statistic. RESULTS: A Spanish version was developed including label, definition, two groups of indicators, and two measurement scales. This version is fully adapted to the Spanish context and language. A set of 21 indicators (19 translated and two new) was selected, and 4 were deleted (three translated and one new). The CVI-average score was 0.83 and the CVI-universal agreement was 0.05. CONCLUSION: The Spanish-version of the outcome «Pain level¼ is semantically and culturally to adapted to a Spanish context and preserves equivalency with the original. Content validation has identified indicators useful for practice. The clinimetric properties (validity and reliability) of the adapted version could be tested in a clinical study with people suffering from acute pain.


Assuntos
Características Culturais , Medição da Dor/enfermagem , Avaliação de Resultados da Assistência ao Paciente , Humanos , Traduções
20.
Enferm. clín. (Ed. impr.) ; 23(4): 154-159, jul.-agos. 2013. tab
Artigo em Espanhol | IBECS | ID: ibc-114836

RESUMO

Objetivos Traducir y adaptar culturalmente el resultado de la Clasificación de Resultados de Enfermería «Pain level» al español y validar el contenido de la versión española del resultado «Nivel del dolor». Método Doble traducción de la versión original en inglés del resultado «Pain Level» al español y retrotraducción al inglés. Se contrastan las discrepancias con las autoras originales y se somete la versión adaptada a un panel de 21 expertos en dolor para realizar la validación de contenido de los indicadores. En la primera fase, los expertos valoraron la adecuación de los indicadores al concepto «Nivel del dolor» y en la segunda, la adecuación de 3 nuevos indicadores. El análisis estadístico se realizó a través del índice de validez de contenido ( IVC ), probabilidad de acuerdo por azar y el coeficiente kappa modificado. Resultados Se elaboró una versión en español que incluye etiqueta, definición, 2 grupos de indicadores y 2 escalas de medición, con una redacción adaptada a la lengua y contexto español. Se han seleccionado 21 indicadores (19 traducidos y 2 nuevos) y se han eliminado 4 (3 traducidos y uno nuevo), obteniendo un IVC-promedio de 0,83 y un IVC-acuerdo universal de 0,05. Conclusiones La versión del resultado «Nivel del dolor», adaptada semántica y culturalmente al contexto español, preserva la equivalencia con el original. La validación de contenido ha permitido identificar los indicadores útiles para la práctica habitual. La versión adaptada podrá ser sometida a un estudio de campo para conocer sus propiedades clinimétricas (validez y fiabilidad) en personas con dolor agudo (AU)


Aims To translate and culturally adapt the Pain Level outcome to the Spanish context to validate the contents of the Spanish version of the «Pain level» outcome. Method The original English version of the «Pain level» outcome was translated into Spanish (twice); then back-translated into English, and all the discrepancies were resolved after consulting with NOC authors. A panel consisting of 21 experts in pain care assessed this culturally adapted Spanish version, in order to score the content validity. In the first step, the experts scored the adequacy of each indicator to the concept «Pain level». In the second round, three new indicators were scored. The Statistical analysis included content validity index (CVI), probability of agreement by chance, and modified kappa statistic. Results A Spanish version was developed including label, definition, two groups of indicators, and two measurement scales. This version is fully adapted to the Spanish context and language. A set of 21 indicators (19 translated and two new) was selected, and 4 were deleted (three translated and one new). The CVI-average score was 0.83 and the CVI-universal agreement was 0.05. Conclusion The Spanish-version of the outcome «Pain level» is semantically and culturally to adapted to a Spanish context and preserves equivalency with the original. Content validation has identified indicators useful for practice. The clinimetric properties (validity and reliability) of the adapted version could be tested in a clinical study with people suffering from acute pain (AU)


Assuntos
Humanos , Manejo da Dor/métodos , /instrumentação , Cuidados Críticos/métodos , Inquéritos e Questionários
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