Síndrome de Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser: a propósito de un caso / Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser syndrome: a case report

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Arteritis de Takayasu y trombosis venosa cerebral: a propósito de un caso / Takayasu arteritis and cerebral venous thrombosis: report of a case

Las palpitaciones, parestesias y ansiedad son motivos de consulta muy frecuentes en atención primaria. Presentamos el caso de una mujer de 40 años de raza caucásica que acudió a la consulta con esta sintomatología y que fue diagnosticada de una arteritis de Takayasu. Posteriormente presentó un cuadro de cefalea, como síntoma inicial de una trombosis venosa cerebral. La arteritis de Takayasu consiste en una vasculitis sistémica que afecta a las arterias de mediano y gran calibre, produciendo estenosis principalmente de la aorta y sus ramas. Afecta más frecuentemente a mujeres asiáticas, siendo mucho más rara en Europa. El médico de atención primaria tiene un papel fundamental en el diagnóstico de sospecha y seguimiento de los pacientes con enfermedades raras, como la enfermedad de Takayasu, y debe ser un apoyo básico para el paciente y la familia, informando, asesorando y contribuyendo con su trabajo a disminuir la vulnerabilidad de este colectivo (AU)

Palpitations, paresthesias and anxiety are very common reasons of consultation in primary care. We report the case of a 40 year-old Caucasian woman who came to the clinic due to these symptoms, and was finally diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis. Later, she had an episode of headache, as the initial manifestation of cerebral venous thrombosis. Takayasu arteritis is a systemic vasculitis affecting medium and large arteries, mainly leacausing stenosis of the aorta and its branches. It most frequently affects Asian women, being much rarer in Europe. The primary care doctor plays a key role in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of patients with rare diseases, such as Takayasu arteritis, and must be a basic support for the patient and family, providing information and advice, and contributing with his work to reduce the vulnerability of this group (AU)

[Takayasu arteritis and cerebral venous thrombosis: report of a case]. / Arteritis de Takayasu y trombosis venosa cerebral: a propósito de un caso.

Palpitations, paresthesias and anxiety are very common reasons of consultation in primary care. We report the case of a 40 year-old Caucasian woman who came to the clinic due to these symptoms, and was finally diagnosed with Takayasu arteritis. Later, she had an episode of headache, as the initial manifestation of cerebral venous thrombosis. Takayasu arteritis is a systemic vasculitis affecting medium and large arteries, mainly leacausing stenosis of the aorta and its branches. It most frequently affects Asian women, being much rarer in Europe. The primary care doctor plays a key role in the initial diagnosis and monitoring of patients with rare diseases, such as Takayasu arteritis, and must be a basic support for the patient and family, providing information and advice, and contributing with his work to reduce the vulnerability of this group.

Histiocitosis pulmonar de células de Langerhans: a propósito de un caso / Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: report of a case

La histiocitosis pulmonar de células de Langerhans es una enfermedad rara de adultos jóvenes, generalmente fumadores, que se asocia con una significativa morbilidad. El curso de esta enfermedad es impredecible, oscilando desde formas benignas autolimitadas hasta formas malignas con evolución progresiva hacia la insuficiencia respiratoria y la muerte. Su causa es desconocida, pero la mayor parte de los autores creen que en estos pacientes hay una alteración en la regulación del sistema inmunológico. Presentamos el caso de un paciente con el diagnóstico de histiocitosis pulmonar de células de Langerhans y revisamos las características clínicas, diagnósticas y terapéuticas de esta enfermedad. Consideramos de interés este caso por la baja frecuencia de esta entidad (AU)

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease of young adults, usually smokers, which is associated with significant morbidity. The course of the disease is unpredictable, ranging from benign self-limiting types with spontaneous regression, to malignant forms with progression to respiratory failure and death. Its cause is unknown, but most authors believe that there is an alteration in immune system regulation in these patients. We report a case of a patient with the diagnosis of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis and review the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this disease. We consider this case of interest due by the low frequency of this disease (AU)

«Mareo» como primera manifestación de una esclerosis múltiple primariamente progresiva / "Dizziness" as the first manifestation of a chronic progressive multiple sclerosis

El mareo es una consulta frecuente en Atención Primaria. La mayor parte de los cuadros de mareo pueden ser manejados en el primer nivel asistencial. El médico de familia debe saber diferenciar los casos que requieren ser derivados a un segundo nivel, aquellos potencialmente graves, así como los que precisan una atención urgente. Presentamos el caso de un paciente que consultó inicialmente por mareo de larga evolución, cuáles fueron su diagnóstico, evolución, tratamiento y pronóstico (AU)

Dizziness is a common consultation in primary care. Most cases of dizziness can be managed in the first level of care. The family physician should be able to discriminate the cases that require referral to a second level, those potentially serious, and those requiring immediate care. We report the case of a patient with long-term dizziness and the diagnosis, clinical course, treatment and prognosis (AU)

["Dizziness" as the first manifestation of a chronic progressive multiple sclerosis]. / "Mareo" como primera manifestación de una esclerosis múltiple primariamente progresiva.

Dizziness is a common consultation in primary care. Most cases of dizziness can be managed in the first level of care. The family physician should be able to discriminate the cases that require referral to a second level, those potentially serious, and those requiring immediate care. We report the case of a patient with long-term dizziness and the diagnosis, clinical course, treatment and prognosis.

[Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis: report of a case]. / Histiocitosis pulmonar de células de Langerhans: a propósito de un caso.

Pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis is a rare disease of young adults, usually smokers, which is associated with significant morbidity. The course of the disease is unpredictable, ranging from benign self-limiting types with spontaneous regression, to malignant forms with progression to respiratory failure and death. Its cause is unknown, but most authors believe that there is an alteration in immune system regulation in these patients. We report a case of a patient with the diagnosis of pulmonary Langerhans cell histiocytosis and review the clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this disease. We consider this case of interest due by the low frequency of this disease.

Doctor, tengo un bulto en el cuello / Doctor, i have a lump in my neck

Las adenopatías son un motivo de consulta frecuente en atención primaria. La mayor parte de los pacientes que consultan por adenopatía periférica tienen una causa fácilmente identificable y suele tratarse de procesos benignos y autolimitados. La cuestión clave para el médico de atención primaria es identificar los casos que pueden obedecer a enfermedades potencialmente graves o malignas. Datos de la historia clínica y exploración física, así como una adecuada valoración de los síntomas y signos acompañantes, son fundamentales para establecer el diagnóstico. Presentamos un caso clínico de aparición de adenopatías en cuello, cuál fue su diagnóstico y evolución (AU)

Lymphadenopathies (swollen lymph glands) are a common cause of consultation in the Primary care setting. Most of the patients seen with peripheral lymph nodes have an easily identifiable cause, and are usually a benign and self-limiting process. The critical challenge for the primary care physician is to identify the cases that may be secondary to malignancies or other serious conditions. A complete history and a thorough physical help determine whether the lymph nodes are of benign or malignant origin. We present a clinical case and the diagnosis and outcome of a patient with swollen lymph glands (AU)

Doctor, tengo hormigueos / Doctor, I have a tingling sensation

Los trastornos de la sensibilidad son un motivo de consulta frecuente en atención primaria; debemos conocer las causas más frecuentes para hacer un diagnóstico diferencial, y las potencialmente graves que debemos derivar a atención especializada o a urgencias. El diagnóstico se basa en anamnesis y exploración física aunque, en ocasiones, nos podemos ayudar de pruebas complementarias según la sospecha clínica. Presentamos un caso clínico de parestesias en las manos y cefalea, cuál fue su diagnóstico y su evolución (AU)

Somatosensorial disorders are a common cause of consultation in the Primary care setting. We should know the most frequent causes in order to make a differential and potentially serious diagnosis that should be referred to specialized care or the emergency department. The diagnosis is based on the anamnesis and physical examination and sometimes some complementary tests can help us to reach the diagnosis. We present a clinical case of a patient with headache and hand paraesthesia, its diagnosis and evolution (AU)