Biocompatibility of Acetazolamide and Its Association with Calcium Hydroxide in Rat Subcutaneous Tissue.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of acetazolamide and its association with the calcium hydroxide in rat subcutaneous tissues as an intracanal medication for an avulsed tooth. Methods and Materials: Three medications with acetazolamide base were evaluated: group 1 liquid acetazolamide associated with calcium hydroxide powder (LACH); group 2 liquid acetazolamide (LA); and group 3 acetazolamide powder associated with physiological saline (PAPS). The calcium hydroxide associated to physiological saline represented the control group. The medications were implanted in subcutaneous tissues of thirty-nine male rats for 7, 15 and 45 days; after surgery the animals were sacrificed and the sections were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to be evaluated qualitatively or semi-quantitatively with an optical microscope. The inflammation intensity and type of inflammatory cells and the repair process, were assessed. The obtained data were statistically compared through the Kruskal-Wallis test conducted at the 5% level of significance. Results: On the seventh day, there was statistically significant difference between PAPS and LA, in relation to the number of neutrophils (P=0.0016). There was a statistically significant difference in the total number of inflammatory cells in PAPS compared to LACH (P=0.0038) on the fifth day. The total number of inflammatory cells from PAPS was significantly higher in relation to LACH (P=0.0038), as well as LA from LACH (P=0.0038) on forty fifth day. A statistically significant reduction in the value of lymphocytes was also observed in LACH (P=0.0072) and LA (P=0.0010) groups in the same period. Conclusion: The results of this animal study suggest that the association of the liquid acetazolamide with the calcium hydroxide promoted an inflammation reduction and a faster repair process than in the LA and PAPS groups evaluated in 15 and 45 days.

Evaluation of intracanal acetazolamide in late reimplanted rat teeth.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the use of acetazolamide combined with different agents as intracanal medication in late reimplanted rat teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In 100 Wistar rats, divided into 5 groups of 20, one of the following medications was used: Acetazolamide liquid (AL); AL with calcium hydroxide powder (ALHC); acetazolamide powder with AL; acetazolamide powder with physiological solution; and calcium hydroxide with physiological solution (control). At 30 and 60 days after reimplantation, the animals were sacrificed, tissues were processed, and cuts were stained with hematoxylin and eosin. An optical microscope was used to determine the following: percentage of inflammatory root resorption (RRI); percentage of substitute root resorption (RRS); and presence of ankylosis. The data obtained was submitted for statistical analysis. RESULTS: Group ALHC had a significantly higher RRS than the control group at 60 days (P = 0.01). Group AL showed significantly less ankylosis than the other groups, including the control, at 30 days. AL showed results similar to those of the control group with respect to RRS. CONCLUSION: Acetazolamide has the potential to be an effective intracanal medication.

Spontaneous Resolution of a Central Giant Cell Granuloma in a Child After an Incisional Biopsy: A Five-year Follow-up.

A central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is typically regarded as a benign lesion with osteoclastic activity. Treatment often involves surgical procedures that may cause deformities; however, minimally invasive approaches have been suggested for treating pediatric patients. We report a case of CGCG of the mandible in a 13-year-old boy who presented with a well-defined radiolucent area in the anterior mandible that was initially detected in a radiographic examination for orthodontic purposes. An incisional biopsy was performed and diagnosed histologically as a CGCG. The patient underwent clinical and radiographic follow-up only after the biopsy, eventually showing signs of bone healing. Five years later, complete resolution of the lesion was observed radiographically. Considering this optimal outcome, similar cases of CGCG should be carefully analyzed for appropriateness of this conservative approach.