Lung function and radiological findings 1 year after COVID-19: a prospective follow-up.

BACKGROUND: The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic has already affected more than 400 million people, with increasing numbers of survivors. These data indicate that a myriad of people may be affected by pulmonary sequelae of the infection. The aim of this study was to evaluate pulmonary sequelae in patients with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia according to severity 1 year after hospital discharge. METHODS: COVID-FIBROTIC is a multicenter prospective observational cohort study for admitted patients with bilateral COVID-19 pneumonia. Pulmonary functional outcomes and chest computed tomography sequelae were analyzed 12 months after hospital discharge and we classified patients into three groups according to severity. A post hoc analysis model was designed to establish how functional test changed between groups and over time. A multivariable logistic regression model was created to study prognostic factors for lung diffusion impairment and radiological fibrotic-like changes at 12 months. RESULTS: Among 488 hospitalized patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, 284 patients had completed the entire evaluation at 12 months. Median age was 60.5 ± 11.9 and 55.3% were men. We found between-group differences in male sex, length of hospital stay, radiological involvement and inflammatory laboratory parameters. The functional evaluation of pulmonary sequelae showed that severe patients had statistically worse levels of lung diffusion at 2 months but no between group differences were found in subsequent controls. At 12-month follow up, however, we found impaired lung diffusion in 39.8% unrelated to severity. Radiological fibrotic-like changes at 12 months were reported in 22.7% of patients (102/448), only associated with radiological involvement at admission (OR: 1.55, 95% CI 1.06-2.38; p = 0.02) and LDH (OR: 0.99, 95% CI 0.98-0.99; p = 0.046). CONCLUSION: Our data suggest that a significant percentage of individuals would develop pulmonary sequelae after COVID 19 pneumonia, regardless of severity of the acute process. Trial registration clinicaltrials.gov NCT04409275 (June 1, 2020).

Validación de la versión en español del cuestionario COPD-Q/EPOC-Q de conocimiento de la EPOC / Validation of the Spanish Version of the COPD-Q Questionnaire on COPD Knowledge

Fundamentos: A pesar de que el reconocimiento de la importancia de la formación de los pacientes con EPOC ha crecido en los últimos años, no se está midiendo el grado de conocimiento de dicha enfermedad por falta de instrumentos específicos. El objetivo de este estudio es validar el cuestionario de conocimiento de la EPOC (EPOC-Q) de 13 ítems. Métodos: Tras la doble traducción del EPOC-Q se llevó a cabo la validación lógica y de contenido por un grupo de neumólogos expertos en EPOC y 8 pacientes con la enfermedad. La fiabilidad se estudió en un grupo independiente de 59 pacientes con EPOC grave vistos en planta o en consultas de neumología de 6 centros de varias regiones de España (Andalucía, Baleares, Castilla-La Mancha, Galicia y Madrid). Esta muestra también se usó para otras validaciones internas y externas. Resultados: El grupo tenía una media de edad de aproximadamente 70 años y una alfabetización en salud media baja. El número de respuestas acertadas fue de 8,3 (DE: 1,9), con una mediana de 8 y un rango entre 3 y 13. Los efectos suelo y techo fueron 0 y 1,5%, respectivamente. La consistencia interna del cuestionario es buena (alfa de Cronbach de 0,85) y la fiabilidad también alta, siendo el coeficiente kappa > 0,6 en todos los ítems y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase de la puntuación total de 0,84. Conclusión: El cuestionario EPOC-Q de 13 ítems es un instrumento válido, aplicable y fiable para evaluar el conocimiento de la EPOC

Rationale: Although recognition of the importance of educating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients has grown in recent years, their understanding of this disease is not being measured due to a lack of specific instruments. The aim of this study was to validate the COPD-Q questionnaire, a 13-item instrument for determining COPD knowledge. Methods: The COPD-Q was translated and backtranslated, and subsequently submitted to logic and content validation by a group of COPD experts and 8 COPD patients. Reliability was studied in an independent group of 59 patients with severe COPD seen in the pulmonology ward or clinics of 6 hospitals in Spain (Andalusia, Baleares, Castilla-La Mancha, Galicia and Madrid). This sample was also used for other internal and external validations. Results: The mean age of the group was approximately 70 years and their health awareness was low-to-medium. The number of correct answers was 8.3 (standard deviation: 1.9), median 8, range 3-13. Floor and ceiling effects were 0% and 1.5%, respectively. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was good (Cronbach's alpha = 0.85) and reliability was also high, with a kappa coefficient > 0.6 for all items and an intraclass correlation efficient of 0.84 for the total score. Conclusion: The 13-item COPD-Q is a valid, applicable and reliable instrument for determining patients' knowledge of COPD

Validation of the Spanish Version of the COPD-Q Questionnaire on COPD Knowledge.

RATIONALE: Although recognition of the importance of educating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients has grown in recent years, their understanding of this disease is not being measured due to a lack of specific instruments. The aim of this study was to validate the COPD-Q questionnaire, a 13-item instrument for determining COPD knowledge. METHODS: The COPD-Q was translated and backtranslated, and subsequently submitted to logic and content validation by a group of COPD experts and 8 COPD patients. Reliability was studied in an independent group of 59 patients with severe COPD seen in the pulmonology ward or clinics of 6 hospitals in Spain (Andalusia, Baleares, Castilla-La Mancha, Galicia and Madrid). This sample was also used for other internal and external validations. RESULTS: The mean age of the group was approximately 70 years and their health awareness was low-to-medium. The number of correct answers was 8.3 (standard deviation: 1.9), median 8, range 3-13. Floor and ceiling effects were 0% and 1.5%, respectively. Internal consistency of the questionnaire was good (Cronbach's alpha=0.85) and reliability was also high, with a kappa coefficient >0.6 for all items and an intraclass correlation efficient of 0.84 for the total score. CONCLUSION: The 13-item COPD-Q is a valid, applicable and reliable instrument for determining patients' knowledge of COPD.

Atención y prestación de servicios en materia de tabaquismo / Tobacco addiction: care and services

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