RESUMO
In registry data, among patients who have survived an occlusive stroke, only about half are treated with statins despite a large and persuasive totality of evidence, which includes large-scale randomized trials. In a comprehensive worldwide meta-analysis of 90,056 participants, statins conferred statistically significant and clinically important reductions in stroke and myocardial infarction, as well as cardiovascular and total mortality. In the Stroke Prevention by Aggressive Reduction in Cholesterol Levels (SPARCL) trial of patients with prior stroke or transient ischemic attack, high-potency statins decreased risks of recurrent stroke and major cardiovascular events. In a nonrandomized subgroup analysis, patients who achieved a 50% or greater reduction in low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) compared to those who achieved <50% had a statistically significant 31% reduction in risk of stroke. Finally, in a comprehensive, worldwide meta-analysis of all trials of cardiovascular disease, patients treated with intensive compared with conventional statin therapy had significantly reduced risks of stroke and myocardial infarction as well as any cardiovascular event or death. Based on this totality of evidence the US federal guidelines as well as those of the American Heart Association/American Stroke Association have been revised to recommend that patients with a prior occlusive stroke should have an optional goal for LDL of 70 mg/dL. All these considerations pose important and timely clinical and public health challenges concerning the need for wider utilization of statins in the treatment of patients with stroke.
