[Selective decontamination of the intestine and total gnotobiologic isolation in treatment of mice with acute radiation sickness]. / Primenenie selektivnoi dekontaminatsii kishechnika i obshchei gnotobiologicheskoi izoliatsii pri lechenii myshei s ostroi luchevoi bolezn'iu.

Comparative study of ciprofloxacin, pefloxacin and amikacin showed that ciprofloxacin and pefloxacin had a selective action on the intestinal microflora of conventional mice. Amikacin induced inhibition not only of the opportunistic bacteria but also of the representatives of the indigenous microflora. The use of the drugs in combination with total gnotobiological isolation in treatment of experimental radiation sickness provided an increase in survival of the irradiated animals, the more so as ciprofloxacin was used.

[The effect of total gnotobiological isolation and antimicrobial preparations on the survival of mice with acute radiation sickness]. / Izuchenie vliianiia obshchei gnotobiologicheskoi izoliatsii i antimikrobnykh preparatov na vyzhivaemost' myshei pri ostroi luchevoi bolezni.

In experiments on 406 CBA mice the effect of antimicrobial preparations, used in combination with total gnotobiotic isolation, on the survival rate of totally irradiated animals was studied. The use of antimicrobial preparations was shown to considerably enhance the survival rate of these animals. Cyprofloxacin, a new preparation of the kinolone row, exhibited a good effect ensuring selective decontamination of the intestine. The use of cyprofloxacin prior to irradiation with the subsequent isolation of the animals in gnotobiotic chambers increased the survival rate of these animals by 2.7 times. But the maximum survival rate of irradiated mice was observed in those cases when antimicrobial preparations were used both before and after irradiation in combination with the total gnotobiotic isolation of the animals.

[The effect of new antimicrobial preparations used in combination with complete gnotobiotic isolation on the survivability and intestinal microflora of total-body irradiated mice]. / Izuchenie vliianiia novykh antimikrobnykh preparatov, primeniaemykh v komplekse s obshchei gnotobiologicheskoi izoliatsiei, na vyzhivaemost' i mikrofloru kishechnika total'no obluchennykh myshei.

The aim of these investigations was the study of the effect of different antimicrobial preparations on the survival rate and intestinal microflora of mice with experimental acute radiation sickness. These investigations revealed that the survival rate of the animals increased 3.1 times with the use of Supramycin, 2.4 times with the use of Tacef and 1.6 times with the use of Spizef and Pen-bristol. The study of the influence of these preparations on the intestinal microflora revealed that Spizef not only decreased the number of opportunistic microorganisms, but also led to a sharp drop in the level of lactobacteria. The use of Pen-bristol and Tacef led to practically complete elimination of enterobacteria enterococci, staphylococci, as well as lactobacteria. Supramycin essentially suppressed the number of opportunistic microorganisms and did not affect the level of lactobacteria. This was probably the cause of the highest effectiveness of Supramycin in comparison with Tacef, Spizef and Pen-bristol.

[The experimental and clinical effect of ciprofloxacin on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract]. / Vliianie tsiprofloksatsina na mikrofloru zheludochno-kishechnogo trakta v éksperimente i klinike.

The study of the influence of cyprofloxacin on the microflora of the gastrointestinal tract has been made under experimental and clinical conditions. As revealed in this study, cyprofloxacin produces a corrective effect on the intestinal microflora; the action of this preparation, in contrast to that of other antimicrobial preparations, is retained for a long time. In patients having duodenal ulcer with bacteriosis caused by Campylobacter pylori and with intestinal dysbacteriosis the combination of cyprofloxacin and cimetidine yields a higher therapeutic effect than the use of cimetidine alone.

[Effect of hemodialysis on erythrocyte acetylcholinesterase and adenosine triphosphatase activity in chronic renal insufficiency]. / Vliianie gemodializa na aktivnost' atsetilkholinésterazy i adenozintrifosfatazy éritrotsitov pri khronicheskoi pochechnoi nedostatochnosti.

Erythrocytes of patients with chronic kidney insufficiency exhibited high hexokinase activity as well as low activity of acetylcholinesterase and K+, Na+-dependent ATPase. The Km value of acetylcholinesterase for acetyl thiocholine was not altered in the reaction and the enzyme proved to be more resistant to heat denaturation. Therapy with permanent hemodialysis [8-10 hrs per day within some months] normalized K+, Na+-dependent ATPase activity and activated acetylcholinesterase. These effects may be considered as evidence for detoxication and normalization of metabolism. At the same time, high hexokinase activity and increased resistance of acetylcholinesterase to heat inactivation were maintained.