[Primary reconstruction in a case of total eyelid avulsion].

Authors took clinical case of primary surgical reconstruction in total eyelid avulsion as an example to discuss possible mistakes of surgical technique and implant choice. Besides, prognosis for different eyelid tissues retention in total eyelid avulsion and subsequent reconstruction are analyzed. Laser Doppler flowmetry is a method for dynamic evaluation of retention and prognosis of autotissue rejection, it clearly demonstrates decrease of microcirculation in the sites of worse tissue retention.

[A case of inadequate surgery tactics in the use of an unstandard orbital implant].

By analyzing a clinical case with inadequate surgery tactics in the use of an unstandard orbital implant, the authors discuss possible errors in surgical techniques and in the choice of an implant. Furthermore, by analyzing problems in the use of various implants, including those unstandard ones, they discuss possible causes of complications, consider the optimal time for resurgeries, and propose the ways of solving the problems associated with the occurrence of complications, including treatment policy.

[Nutritional status during different regimens of consuming an emergency carbohydrate ration]. / Pishchevoi status pri razlichnykh rezhimakh ispol'zovaniia avariinogo uglevodnogo ratsiona.

Healthy male test subjects were allowed to consume a small-size contingency diet (300 g caramel) during 5 days of survival in a moderate climate in two modes: 1) unifrom intake during 5 days or 2) consumption during the first 3 days and fasting during the remaining 2 days. The first mode proved more advantageous. This conclusion was drawn from evaluations of the general health status, body weight losses, carbohydrate, nitrogen, and mineral metabolism, ECG, and dynamometry.

[Characteristics of the nutritive status of canned meats in emergency "survival" rations]. / Nekotorye osobennosti pishchevogo statusa pri ispol'zovanii miasnykh konservov v avariinykh ratsionakh "vyzhivaniia".

Variations in the nutrient status of test subjects who for 5 days were given a survival diet made of 400 g canned meat were investigated. The energy expenditures of the test subjects were 3000-3200 kcal/day. The study was performed under moderate climate conditions. Anthropometric and biochemical parameters, as well as nitrogen, amino acid, carbohydrate and mineral metabolism were investigated. It has been demonstrated that the survival diet of the above composition can be used by the flight personnel in a contingency situation under moderate climate conditions, provided that water supply is about 1 1/day. The study has shown sporadic hypoglycemia, intensive ketonemia, heavy salt losses, and early protein deficiency. This should be taken into consideration when arranging rescue operations, rehabilitation nutrition and pilot training. It is understood that adequate preflight nutrition may be of great importance.

[Nutritional status using chocolate as an emergency diet]. / Pishchevoi status pri ispol'zovanii shokolada v kachestve avariinogo ratsiona.

Using the results of studying the body mass, carbohydrate, amino acid, nitrogen and mineral metabolism, as well as the general health status of test subjects who were on a low-caloric diet of 300 g chocolate, it is concluded that, although their condition and nutritional status remained satisfactory, chocolate in the above quantity can hardly be viewed as an ideal emergency food for pilots. The conclusion is based on the metabolic and operational limitations of chocolate. The study was carried out in a temperate climate with water consumption of no more than 11 per day.

[Metabolic characteristics in nutrition with low-calorie "survival" diets containing only readily assimilated carbohydrates]. / Osobennosti obmena veshchestv pri pitanii malokaloriinymi ratsionami "vyzhivaniia", vkliuchaiushchimi v sebia tol'ko legkousoiaemye uglevody.

On the basis of the study of carbohydrate, mineral, amino acid, nitrogen metabolism, nutritional status and general health condition of test subjects, it is concluded that in the case of emergency landing in an area with a temperate climate the contingency diet consisting of 300 g of readily assimilable disaccharides can be consumed for 5 days.