RESUMO
Most anemia is related to the digestive system by dietary deficiency, malabsorption, or chronic bleeding. We review the World Health Organization definition of anemia, its morphological classification (microcytic, macrocytic and normocytic) and pathogenic classification (regenerative and hypo regenerative), and integration of these classifications. Interpretation of laboratory tests is included, from the simplest (blood count, routine biochemistry) to the more specific (iron metabolism, vitamin B12, folic acid, reticulocytes, erythropoietin, bone marrow examination and Schilling test). In the text and various algorithms, we propose a hierarchical and logical way to reach a diagnosis as quickly as possible, by properly managing the medical interview, physical examination, appropriate laboratory tests, bone marrow examination, and other complementary tests. The prevalence is emphasized in all sections so that the gastroenterologist can direct the diagnosis to the most common diseases, although the tables also include rare diseases. Digestive diseases potentially causing anemia have been studied in preference, but other causes of anemia have been included in the text and tables. Primitive hematological diseases that cause anemia are only listed, but are not discussed in depth. The last section is dedicated to simplifying all items discussed above, using practical rules to guide diagnosis and medical care with the greatest economy of resources and time.
Assuntos
Anemia/classificação , Anemia/diagnóstico , Anemia/etiologia , Anemia Macrocítica/diagnóstico , Anemia Macrocítica/etiologia , Índices de Eritrócitos , Gastroenterologia , Hemoglobinas/metabolismo , Humanos , Contagem de Reticulócitos , Reticulócitos/metabolismoRESUMO
We performed baselineTc(99)-MIBI scanning in 43 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) and in 31 with monoclonal gammopathy of unknown significance (MGUS) patients. We identified two groups of MM patients whose actuarial survival correlated with low or high MIBI scores. MGUS patients had normal or very low scores.
Assuntos
Mieloma Múltiplo/diagnóstico por imagem , Paraproteinemias/diagnóstico por imagem , Tecnécio Tc 99m Sestamibi , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiplo/mortalidade , Valor Preditivo dos Testes , Cintilografia , Compostos Radiofarmacêuticos , Análise de SobrevidaRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Masculino , Síndrome de Lesch-Nyhan , Trombofilia , Fatores Etários , Bacteriemia , Biomarcadores , Prognóstico , Equipe de Assistência ao Paciente , Citocinas , Ecocardiografia , Eletrocardiografia , Cardiopatias Congênitas , Ventrículos do Coração , Taquicardia Ventricular , Desfibriladores ImplantáveisRESUMO
No disponible
Assuntos
Idoso , Humanos , Resistência a Meticilina , Staphylococcus aureus , BacteriemiaAssuntos
Proteína C-Reativa/análise , Inflamação/diagnóstico , Trombofilia/diagnóstico , Adulto , Idoso , Artrite Reumatoide/diagnóstico , Biomarcadores , Testes de Coagulação Sanguínea , Feminino , Humanos , Inflamação/sangue , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Gravidez , Fatores de Risco , Trombofilia/sangueRESUMO
No disponible
