Expedições científicas e colecionismo: dois exemplos no Brasil-Século XX / Scientific expeditions and collections: two examples in Twentieth Century Brazil

Este trabalho analisará o significado das coleções reunidas em duas séries de expedições científicas realizadas no Brasil, desde o início até meados do século XX. Em primeiro lugar, trata-se de analisar as coleções reunidas durante a chamada Comissão Rondon, na verdade, várias expedições, realizadas entre 1907 e 1915, no início do período republicano no Brasil, período fortemente marcado pelo pensamento positivista. Tinha o objetivo de demarcar estações telegráficas, criando intercomunicação entre os diversos Estados do País e destes com a capital federal e ou o mundo. Em segundo lugar serão consideradas as expedições lideradas pelo antropólogo Luiz de Castro Faria, durante as décadas de 1940 e 1950, no litoral do país, desde o Rio Grande do Sul, até a Bahia. Nesta série, será considerada ainda a conhecida expedição à Serra do Norte, no Mato Grosso, em 1938, cujo chefe foi Claude Lévi-Straus e da qual Castro Faria participou como representante do Museu Nacional e do Conselho de Fiscalização das Expedições Artísticas e Científicas. As coleções reunidas em ambas as séries de expedições destinaram-se ao Museu Nacional do Rio de Janeiro

This work will analyze the meaning of the collections gathered in two series of scientific expeditions carried out in Brazil from the early to the mid-twentieth century. First, it will present the collections gathered during the so-called Rondon Commission, that comprises, in fact, several expeditions held between 1907 and 1915 at the beginning of the republican period in Brazil, a period strongly marked by positivist thinking. The main objective was to construct telegraph lines in order to create intercommunication between the various States of the country and these with the federal capital and or the world. Second, it will approach the expeditions led by the anthropologist Luiz de Castro Faria, during the 1940s and 1950s, along the coast of the country, from Rio Grande do Sul to Bahia. Also, will be considered in this series, the well-known expedition to the Serra do Norte, in Mato Grosso, in 1938, whose head was Claude Lévi-Straus and of which Castro Faria participated as representative of the National Museum and of the Council of Inspection of the Artistic and Scientific Expeditions. The collections assembled in both series of expeditions were destined for the National Museum of Rio de Janeiro

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La Revista Médica De Hamburgo y la Revista Médica Germano-Ibero-Americana: Diseminación de la medicina germánica en España y América Latina (1920-1933) / Dissemination of the Germanic medicine in Spain and Latin America: The Medical Magazine Of Hamburg and the Medical Magazine Germano-Ibero-Americana (1920-1933)

El trabajo aborda la trayectoria de la Revista Médica de Hamburgo (RMH) y la Revista MédicaGermano-Ibero-Americana (RMGIA), publicaciones creadas para promover y difundir la cienciaalemana entre las comunidades médicas de América Latina y España en el contexto de entreguerras.Sacudidos por la pérdida de las colonias en África, por las dificultades enfrentadas por laeconomía y por las condiciones impuestas por el armisticio, los alemanes pretendían con esa iniciativarecuperar el prestigio cultural y científico(AU)

This article presents the development of the journals Revista Médica de Hamburgo and RevistaMédica Germano-Ibero-Americana, which were created to promote and disseminate the Germanscience among the medical community in Latin America and Spain between the two World Wars.Shaken by the loss of Germany’s colonies in Africa, the difficulties faced due to post-war economy,and the restrictions imposed by the armistice, the Germans sought to restore their cultural andscientific prestige through such initiative(AU)

[Elizabeth Fee: a historian reaching out to wider audiences]. / Elizabeth Fee: uma historiadora em busca de audiências mais amplas.

To what activities and topics does a historian in health and medicine, whose articles and books have become fundamental references for scholars of the area, devote her time? Feminism, counter-culture, medical education, global health, the role of international health organizations, and knowledge sharing in the health history are some of the subjects Elizabeth Fee addresses in this interview given at Fiocruz in April where she presented the 2006 inaugural class to the Graduate Program in History of Health Sciences at Casa de Oswaldo Cruz. The topic of her lecture was "The World Health Organization and AIDS: what can we learn from history?"

Adolpho Lutz and controversies over the transmission of leprosy by mosquitoes.

During his years of study in Switzerland and Germany, Adolpho Lutz published his first articles on zoology, clinical practice, and therapeutics. In Limeira, São Paulo, he began studies on animal and human diseases caused by germs and parasites. In 1885-86, Lutz traveled to Hamburg to study the morphology of germs related to skin diseases, in conjunction with Paul Gerson Unna, one of Germany's foremost dermatologists. He proposed the inclusion of Hansen's and Koch's bacilli in a new genus. In 1889, Unna nominated his student as physician-in-chief of the Leper Settlement on Molokai Island, Hawaii. From then on, Lutz sustained the theory that the disease was transmitted by mosquitos. He conducted research to prove this theory when he was head of the Instituto Bacteriológico de São Paulo (1893-1908) and, later, after he moved to the Instituto Oswaldo Cruz (1908-1940). Although this research was not successful, on commissions and at congresses in which he participated until his death in October 1940, he still held to his conviction that leprosy was transmitted by mosquitoes.