[Factors involved in the burden of the primary caregiver of cancer patients]. / Factores que intervienen en la sobrecarga del cuidador primario del paciente con cáncer.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the study was to identify the factors involved between burden in the primary caregiver of cancer patients and their quality of life. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted in a secondary level hospital on 100 primary caregivers of cancer patients. The level of burden was determined using the Zarit scale and the perception of quality of life using the World Health Organisation Quality of Life questionnaire. Quality of life was categorised as high or low and compared between groups according to their level of burden. Descriptive statistics were performed on the study variables, and differences between groups were analysed according to their level of burden. RESULTS: In assessing the overload, it was found that 31% of caregivers had burden. A good quality of life was perceived by 76% of caregivers, while the remaining 24% perceived it as poor. To identify association between these two variables Chi squared (X2) was used to determine whether there was any association between quality of life and overloading of the primary caregiver, giving a P≤.05. A Spearman correlation was also performed, obtaining an r-value of .321 with a P≤.05, finding a slightly positive correlation. CONCLUSIONS: The factors that have a bearing on a good quality of life despite having burden were: being married, dedicated to the home, and kinship (to be immediate family: spouse, parents and children). Conversely, the type of cancer, sleep hours, and hours of care influence the perception of a poor quality of life.

Adelantamiento rotuliano tipo Bandi versus limpieza articular artroscópica para el manejo de la artrosis patelofemoral: Seguimiento a un año / Bandi tibial tubercule osteotomy vs artrhroscopy lavage in patelo femoral arthritis: 1 year follow-up

Introducción: La osteoartritis (OA) es una artropatía degenerativa que modifica las propiedades mecánicas y biológicas, del cartílago articular y del hueso subcondral, su tratamiento va encaminado hacia el alivio del dolor, mantener la función articular y reducir la progresión de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar los resultados quirúrgicos de la limpieza articular artroscópica y adelantamiento rotuliano utilizando la escala WOMAC. Metodología: Estudio transversal en el que se compara el resultado funcional del tratamiento de la OA patelofemoral en pacientes operados por limpieza articular artroscópica y pacientes operados por adelantamiento rotuliano con técnica de Bandi. Las variables fueron, género, edad, lado afectado, técnica quirúrgica e índice de WOMAC prequirúrgico y a los 12 meses de seguimiento. Utilizamos estadística descriptiva así como t de Student para la diferencia de promedios de WOMAC entre ambos grupos de pacientes. Resultados: n = 37 pacientes, la edad promedio fue 53.48 años (28-82), ± 12.55, el género 11 (29.7%) hombres y 26 (70.3%) mujeres, el lado afectado: 19 (51.35%) derecho y 18 (48.65%) izquierdo. Técnica quirúrgica: 45.9% artroscópico y 54.1% con técnica de Bandi. Los pacientes operados mediante Bandi y adelantamiento rotuliano tuvieron mejoría del dolor, rigidez articular y de la función física (p = 0.00); la comparación del puntaje global de WOMAC para ambas técnicas al año no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0.78). Conclusión: Ambas técnicas (Bandi y limpieza artroscópica) ofrecen buenos resultados a los 365 días de operados, sin embargo, los pacientes manejados por limpieza artroscópica presentan menor dolor comparados con los de adelantamiento rotuliano tipo Bandi.

Introduction: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that modifies the mechanical and biological properties of articular cartilage and subchondral bone, treatment is aimed at relieving pain, maintain joint and reduce disease progression function. The aim of this paper is to compare the surgical outcomes of the arthroscopic articular cleaning and Bandi procedure by using the WOMAC scale. Methods: Cross-sectional study, functional outcome of treatment of patellofemoral ostheoarthritis by arthroscopic articular cleaning and Bandi procedure are compared. Variables were gender, age, affected side, surgical technique and preoperative and 12 months follow up WOMAC evaluation. We used descriptive statistics and t-test for mean difference in WOMAC between both groups of patients. Results: n = 37 patients, the mean age was 53.48 (28-82), ± 12.55 years; 11 (29.7%) males and 26 (70.3%) women, the affected side: 19 (51.35%) right and 18 (48.65%) left. Surgical technique: 45.9% arthroscopic articular cleaning and 54.1% Bandi procedure. Patients operated by both technics: Bandi and arthroscopic articular cleaning had improvement in pain, stiffness and physical function (p = 0.00); comparison of global WOMAC score for both techniques a year after showed no statistically significant differences (p = 0.78). Conclusion: Both techniques (Bandi and arthroscopic articular cleaning) offer good results at 365 days of surgery, however patients managed by arthroscopic articular cleaning have less pain compared with Bandi procedure.

Multibacillary leprosy mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus: case report and literature review.

Leprosy is an infectious chronic disease with a wide range of clinical and serological manifestations. We report a case of a woman presenting with a malar rash, painless oral ulcers, photosensitivity, arthritis, positive antinuclear antibodies test and leuko-lymphopenia. Our case illustrates an unusual presentation of leprosy initially diagnosed as systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). After the confirmation of multibacillary leprosy and multidrug therapy recommended by the World Health Organization, a good clinical response was observed. Recognition of rheumatic manifestations in leprosy is important as they may be confused with SLE. A literature review is presented to encourage clinicians to consider leprosy as a differential diagnosis. Specifically in patients with unusual rheumatic manifestations and persistent skin lesions, and when neurological symptoms are present. Leprosy has not been eradicated, so misdiagnosis can be frequent. It is necessary to increase medical practitioner awareness in order start proper treatment.

[Bandi tibial tubercule osteotomy vs. artrhroscopy lavage in patelo femoral arthritis. 1 year follow-up]. / Adelantamiento rotuliano tipo Bandi versus limpieza articular artroscópica para el manejo de la artrosis patelofemoral. Seguimiento a un año.

INTRODUCTION: Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that modifies the mechanical and biological properties of articular cartilage and subchondral bone, treatment is aimed at relieving pain, maintain joint and reduce disease progression function. The aim of this paper is to compare the surgical outcomes of the arthroscopic articular cleaning and Bandi procedure by using the WOMAC scale. METHODS: Cross-sectional study, functional outcome of treatment of patellofemoral ostheoarthritis by arthroscopic articular cleaning and Bandi procedure are compared. Variables were gender, age, affected side, surgical technique and preoperative and 12 months follow up WOMAC evaluation. We used descriptive statistics and t-test for mean difference in WOMAC between both groups of patients. RESULTS: n = 37 patients, the mean age was 53.48 (28-82), ± 12.55 years; 11 (29.7%) males and 26 (70.3%) women, the affected side: 19 (51.35%) right and 18 (48.65%) left. SURGICAL TECHNIQUE: 45.9% arthroscopic articular cleaning and 54.1% Bandi procedure. Patients operated by both technics: Bandi and arthroscopic articular cleaning had improvement in pain, stiffness and physical function (p = 0.00); comparison of global WOMAC score for both techniques a year after showed no statistically significant differences (p = 0.78). CONCLUSION: Both techniques (Bandi and arthroscopic articular cleaning) offer good results at 365 days of surgery, however patients managed by arthroscopic articular cleaning have less pain compared with Bandi procedure.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La osteoartritis (OA) es una artropatía degenerativa que modifica las propiedades mecánicas y biológicas, del cartílago articular y del hueso subcondral, su tratamiento va encaminado hacia el alivio del dolor, mantener la función articular y reducir la progresión de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo es comparar los resultados quirúrgicos de la limpieza articular artroscópica y adelantamiento rotuliano utilizando la escala WOMAC. METODOLOGÍA: Estudio transversal en el que se compara el resultado funcional del tratamiento de la OA patelofemoral en pacientes operados por limpieza articular artroscópica y pacientes operados por adelantamiento rotuliano con técnica de Bandi. Las variables fueron, género, edad, lado afectado, técnica quirúrgica e índice de WOMAC prequirúrgico y a los 12 meses de seguimiento. Utilizamos estadística descriptiva así como t de Student para la diferencia de promedios de WOMAC entre ambos grupos de pacientes. RESULTADOS: n = 37 pacientes, la edad promedio fue 53.48 años (28-82), ± 12.55, el género 11 (29.7%) hombres y 26 (70.3%) mujeres, el lado afectado: 19 (51.35%) derecho y 18 (48.65%) izquierdo. Técnica quirúrgica: 45.9% artroscópico y 54.1% con técnica de Bandi. Los pacientes operados mediante Bandi y adelantamiento rotuliano tuvieron mejoría del dolor, rigidez articular y de la función física (p = 0.00); la comparación del puntaje global de WOMAC para ambas técnicas al año no mostró diferencias estadísticamente significativas (p = 0.78). CONCLUSIÓN: Ambas técnicas (Bandi y limpieza artroscópica) ofrecen buenos resultados a los 365 días de operados, sin embargo, los pacientes manejados por limpieza artroscópica presentan menor dolor comparados con los de adelantamiento rotuliano tipo Bandi.

Validez y consistencia de las escalas ECAVIPEP y CAVE para evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes pediátricos con epilepsia / Validity and consistency of the ECAVIPEP and CAVE scales to assess quality of life in paediatric patients with epilepsy

Introducción. La epilepsia tiene un alto impacto en la calidad de vida del niño, por lo que es importante contar con instrumentos validados y consistentes para su evaluación. Objetivo. Comparar la validez y consistencia de una nueva escala de calidad de vida para pacientes epilépticos pediátricos (ECAVIPEP) de un hospital mexicano con la escala CAVE ampliamente validada. Pacientes y métodos. Estudio comparativo, en el que se analiza la validez y consistencia de una nueva escala para evaluar la epilepsia en niños. Se realizó en niños epilépticos de 4-10 años mediante la aplicación de una escala de calidad de vida, comparándola con la escala CAVE ampliamente validada. Se utilizó el alfa de Cronbach y la rho de Spearman para la validez y la consistencia. Resultados. Fueron 114 pacientes, 72 (63,1%) niños y 42 (36,8%) niñas. La consistencia interna dio un valor del alfa de Cronbach de 0,673. Para el análisis de validez convergente, comparando las puntuaciones obtenidas por la CAVE y por la ECAVIPEP, se obtuvo una rho de Spearman de 0,670 (p < 0). Conclusión. La ECAVIPEP es una escala válida y consistente para la evaluación en niños de 4-10 años con epilepsia (AU)

Introduction. Epilepsy has a high impact on the quality of life of the child, so it is important to have validated and consistent instruments to evaluate it. Aim. To compare the validity and reliability of a new quality of life scale for paediatric epileptic patients (ECAVIPEP) from a Mexican hospital against the widely validated CAVE scale. Patients and methods. A comparative study was conducted to test the validity and realiability of a new scale for evaluating epilepsy in children. The test, conducted on a sample of epileptic children between 4 and 10 years of age, involved the application of a new quality of life scale and comparing it with the widely validated CAVE scale. Cronbach’s alpha and Spearman’s rho were used for validity and consistency. Results. There were 114 patients, 72 (63.2%) male and 42 (36.8%) female. Internal consistency yielded a Cronbach’s alpha value of 0.673. For the analysis of convergent validity, scores obtained by CAVE and ECAVIPEP Spearman’s rho correlation was 0.670 (p < 0). Conclusions. ECAVIPEP scale is valid and consistent to assess epilepsy in children from 4 to 10 years (AU)

[Validity and consistency of the ECAVIPEP and CAVE scales to assess quality of life in paediatric patients with epilepsy]. / Validez y consistencia de las escalas ECAVIPEP y CAVE para evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes pediatricos con epilepsia.

INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy has a high impact on the quality of life of the child, so it is important to have validated and consistent instruments to evaluate it. AIM: To compare the validity and reliability of a new quality of life scale for paediatric epileptic patients (ECAVIPEP) from a Mexican hospital against the widely validated CAVE scale. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A comparative study was conducted to test the validity and realiability of a new scale for evaluating epilepsy in children. The test, conducted on a sample of epileptic children between 4 and 10 years of age, involved the application of a new quality of life scale and comparing it with the widely validated CAVE scale. Cronbach's alpha and Spearman's rho were used for validity and consistency. RESULTS: There were 114 patients, 72 (63.2%) male and 42 (36.8%) female. Internal consistency yielded a Cronbach's alpha value of 0.673. For the analysis of convergent validity, scores obtained by CAVE and ECAVIPEP Spearman's rho correlation was 0.670 (p lower than 0). CONCLUSIONS: ECAVIPEP scale is valid and consistent to assess epilepsy in children from 4 to 10 years.

TITLE: Validez y consistencia de las escalas ECAVIPEP y CAVE para evaluar la calidad de vida en pacientes pediatricos con epilepsia.Introduccion. La epilepsia tiene un alto impacto en la calidad de vida del niño, por lo que es importante contar con instrumentos validados y consistentes para su evaluacion. Objetivo. Comparar la validez y consistencia de una nueva escala de calidad de vida para pacientes epilepticos pediatricos (ECAVIPEP) de un hospital mexicano con la escala CAVE ampliamente validada. Pacientes y metodos. Estudio comparativo, en el que se analiza la validez y consistencia de una nueva escala para evaluar la epilepsia en niños. Se realizo en niños epilepticos de 4-10 años mediante la aplicacion de una escala de calidad de vida, comparandola con la escala CAVE ampliamente validada. Se utilizo el alfa de Cronbach y la rho de Spearman para la validez y la consistencia. Resultados. Fueron 114 pacientes, 72 (63,1%) niños y 42 (36,8%) niñas. La consistencia interna dio un valor del alfa de Cronbach de 0,673. Para el analisis de validez convergente, comparando las puntuaciones obtenidas por la CAVE y por la ECAVIPEP, se obtuvo una rho de Spearman de 0,670 (p menor que 0). Conclusion. La ECAVIPEP es una escala valida y consistente para la evaluacion en niños de 4-10 años con epilepsia.

[Cervical arthrodesis by means of interbody fusion with autologous bone and/or interbody spacer for cervical disc disease]. / Artrodesis cervical mediante fusión intersomática con hueso autólogo versus espaciador intersomático en discopatía cervical.

UNLABELLED: The purpose of this study was to compare the results of cervical arthrodesis performed through interbody fusion with autologous bone and/or interbody spacer for cervical disc disease. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Comparative cross-sectional study that included 49 patients who underwent surgery for anterior arthrodesis between January and December 2011, whose clinical records were reviewed. RESULTS: We included 49 patients: 20 (40.8%) males and 29 (59.2%) females. All of them were diagnosed with disc disease (cervical disc herniation) involving one or two levels. Mean operative time was 69.12, with a minimum of 53 and a maximum of 110 +/- 19.61 minutes for cervical arthrodesis with a graft. Mean operative time was 61.18 with a minimum of 50 and a maximum of 96.00 +/- 11.38 minutes for cer vical arthrodesis with an interbody spacer (p = 0.00, Student t test). Patient sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and complications are shown. Patients in whom both surgical techniques were used had appropriate radiological integration, with p = 0.015, considering p < or = a 0.05 as significant, chi2. CONCLUSIONS: In patients with cervical disc disease bone integration is appropriate with the use of either an interbody cage or an autologous iliac crest graft.

[Hepatitis C virus genotype 5 in Mexico: a case report with successful treatment and a literature review]. / Hepatitis C genotipo viral 5 en México: reporte de caso con tratamiento exitoso y revisión de la literatura.

Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype 5 is extremely rare and there is very little reported on its management in the medical literature. We present herein the case of a patient with HCV genotype 5 that presumably acquired the disease through a blood transfusion during infancy. Sustained virologic response was achieved after 24 weeks of treatment. According to the available information on HCV genotype 5 treatment, it has a similar response to that of HCV genotype 1. Our patient presented with various favorable outcome factors. There is much less reported on the treatment of HCV genotype 5 than there is regarding HCV genotypes 1, 2, 3, and 4. This is mainly due to the low prevalence of genotype 5 in the Mexican environment.