RESUMO
In this study, the CALPHAD approach was employed to model the thermodynamics of the Au-Ge-X (X = In, Sb, Si, Zn) ternary systems, leveraging experimental phase equilibria data and previous assessments of related binary subsystems. The solution phases were modeled as substitutional solutions, and their excess Gibbs energies were expressed using the Redlich-Kister polynomial. Owing to the unavailability of experimental data, the solubility of the third elements in the Au-In, Au-Sb, and Au-Zn binary intermetallic compounds was excluded from consideration. Additionally, stable ternary intermetallic compounds were not reported in the literature and, thus, were not taken into account in the present thermodynamic calculations. Calculations of liquidus projections, isothermal sections, and vertical sections for these ternary systems have been performed, aligning with existing experimental findings. These thermodynamic parameters form a vital basis for creating a comprehensive thermodynamic database for Au-Ge-based alloys, which is essential for the design and development of new high-temperature Pb-free solders.
RESUMO
Due to the poor activation performance and kinetics of Ti50V25Cr25 alloys, the element Zr was added to improve the phase structure of the alloy and achieve a high-performance hydrogen storage alloy. The Ti50-xV25Cr25Zrx (x = 0, 5, 7, and 9) system alloys were prepared by arc melting. The alloys were analyzed using an X-ray diffractometer (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM), and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC). The hydrogen storage capabilities of the alloys were also obtained by the Sievert volumetric method. The results indicated that the alloy with Zr added had a combination of the C15 Laves phase and the BCC phase, whereas the Zr-free alloy had a BCC single phase. The partial replacement of Zr with Ti resulted in an increase in the lattice parameters of the main phase. The hydrogen storage kinetic performance and activation of the alloys both significantly improved with an increasing Zr concentration. The time to reach 90% of the maximum hydrogen storage capacity decreased to 2946 s, 230 s, and 120 s, respectively, with the increases in Zr concentration. The initial hydrogen absorption content of the alloys increased and then decreased after the addition of the element Zr. The second phase expanded with an increasing Zr concentration, which in turn decreased the abundance of the BCC main phase. The Ti43V25Cr25Zr7 alloy showed good cycle stability and hydrogen-desorption performance, and it could absorb 90% of the maximum hydrogen storage capacity in around 230 s. The maximum hydrogen-absorption capacity of the alloy was 2.7 wt%. The diffusion activation energy of hydrogen desorption dropped from 102.67 kJ/mol to 92.62 kJ/mol.
RESUMO
Phase formation and microstructure of (Nd1-2xCexYx)14.5Fe79.3B6.2 (x = 0.05, 0.10, 0.15, 0.20, 0.25) alloys were studied experimentally. The results reveal that (Nd1-2xCexYx)14.5Fe79.3B6.2 annealed alloys show (NdCeY)2Fe14B phase with the tetragonal Nd2Fe14B-typed structure (space group P42/mnm) and rich-RE (α-Nd) phase, while (Nd1-2xCexYx)14.5Fe79.3B6.2 ribbons prepared by melt-spun technology are composed of (NdCeY)2Fe14B phase, α-Nd phase and α-Fe phase, except for the ribbon with x = 0.25, which consists of additional CeFe2 phase. On the other hand, magnetic properties of (Nd1-2xCexYx)14.5Fe79.3B6.2 melt-spun ribbons were measured by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). The measured results show that the remanence (Br) and the coercivity (Hcj) of the melt-spun ribbons decrease with the increase of Ce and Y substitutions, while the maximum magnetic energy product ((BH)max) of the ribbons decreases and then increases. The tendency of magnetic properties of the ribbons could result from the co-substitution of Ce and Y for Nd in Nd2Fe14B phase and different phase constitutions. It was found that the Hcj of the ribbon with x = 0.20 is relatively high to be 9.01 kOe, while the (BH)max of the ribbon with x = 0.25 still reaches to be 9.06 MGOe. It suggests that magnetic properties of Nd-Fe-B ribbons with Ce and Y co-substitution could be tunable through alloy composition and phase formation to fabricate novel Nd-Fe-B magnets with low costs and high performance.
