Comprehensive analysis of untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics in girls with central precocious puberty.

Objective: Central precocious puberty (CPP) is a rare condition that causes early sexual development in children. Although the cure is effective, the etiology of central precocious puberty is unclear. Methods: In total, 10 girls with central precocious puberty and same number of age-matched female controls were enrolled. Plasma samples were collected from each participant and subjected to untargeted metabolomics and lipidomics. Student's t-tests were employed to compare the mean of each metabolite and lipid. Furthermore, orthogonal partial least-squares discriminant analysis was conducted and the variable importance in the projection was calculated to identify differentially expressed metabolites or lipids. Subsequent bioinformatics was conducted to investigate the potential function of differentially expressed metabolites and lipids. Results: Fifty-nine differentially expressed metabolites were identified based on the criteria used (variable importance in the projection >1 and a P value < 0.05). Kyoto Encyclopedia Genes and Genome (KEGG) enrichment analysis showed that differentially expressed metabolites were enriched in four pathways: beta-alanine metabolism, histidine metabolism, bile secretion, and steroid hormone biosynthesis. As for the lipidomics, 41 differentially expressed lipids were observed and chain length analysis and lipid saturation analysis yielded similar results. Significant differences between the two groups were only observed in (O-acyl) ω-hydroxy fatty acids (OAHFA). Conclusion: The present study showed that antibiotic overuse, increased meat consumption, and obesity may have potential roles in the development of central precocious puberty in girls. Several metabolites have diagnostic value but further research is required.

Effects of nitrogen source and N/P on growth and photosynthesis in the invasive marine macroalga Chaetomorpha valida.

The invasive marine macroalga Chaetomorpha valida blooms frequently in Apostichopus japonicus culture ponds in North China, resulting in negative environmental consequences. The factors driving this algal overgrowth are unclear. Previous studies observed that eutrophication strongly influences abnormal growth of nuisance macrophytes, but relatively few studies have addressed the types and abundance of nitrogen in A. japonicus culture ponds during the seasonal progression of a C. valida bloom and the effects of nitrogen source and N/P on C. valida growth and photosynthesis. In this study, we describe the structural features of nitrogen abundance and the seasonal progression of a C. valida bloom and uncover a relationship between nitrogen enrichment and C. valida growth. Common garden experiments demonstrated that C. valida can utilize different forms of nitrogen in the environment for rapid growth. Growth rate and photosynthesis capacity were related to the nitrogen source and N/P ratio. This study will provide a reference for maintenance of ecological balance and healthy aquaculture in A. japonicus culture ponds.

Multiband mucosectomy versus endoscopic submucosal dissection and endoscopic submucosal excavation for GI submucosal tumors: short and long term follow-up.

AIMS: To evaluate the short- and long-term outcomes of 3 different endoscopic dissection techniques for upper gastrointestinal (GI) submucosal tumours (SMTs). METHODS: Data for 135 patients withGI SMTs who underwent multiband mucosectomy (MBM), endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD), or endoscopic submucosal excavation (ESE) were retrospectively assessed. The en bloc resection rate, endoscopic complete resection rate, operation time, potential complications and local recurrence rate were compared. RESULTS: No significant differences were observed in the rate of endoscopic complete resections and pathologic complete resections among the three groups. For SMTs > 15 mm in width, the lowest en bloc resection rate was found for MBM (P = 0.000). MBM was also associated with the shortest procedure time, lowest perforation rate and lowest rate of major bleeding. ESE was the most effective procedure for muscularis propria (MP) lesions but was associated with the longest operation time (P < 0.01). The ESD and ESE groups had similar perforation rates (P > 0.05). No differences were observed in 4-year local recurrence rates among the groups (P = 0.945). CONCLUSIONS: MBM is a simple and effective method for the treatment of small SMTs and achieves clinical success rates similar to those of ESD and ESE. However, ESD and ESE are preferable for larger and deep lesions and are associated with a longer operation time. Nonetheless, all 3 techniques resulted in a low 4-year local recurrence rate. Large-scale randomized clinical trials are needed to further investigate these results.

Clinical features and drug resistance in children with Salmonella infection / 中国当代儿科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To study the clinical features and drug resistance in children with Salmonella infection.@*METHODS@#A total of 163 children with positive fecal cultures for Salmonella who were hospitalized between 2013 and 2017 were enrolled. A retrospective analysis was performed for their data on clinical features, distribution of Salmonella serotypes, and drug sensitivity test results.@*RESULTS@#Among the 163 children with Salmonella infection, 79 (48.5%) were aged ≤1 year. Main clinical manifestations included fever and diarrhea. Of all the children, 121 (74.2%) reached a body temperature of above 39°C, 52 (31.9%) had diarrhea more than 10 times a day, and 56 (34.4%) had respiratory infection. Salmonella infection often occurred in summer and autumn. Of all the children, 131 (80.4%) had the infection in May to October. Salmonella typhimurium was observed in 100 children (61.3%) and Salmonella enteritidis was observed 15 children (9.2%). All serotypes of Salmonella had a drug resistance rate of >20% to cefotaxime, as well as high sensitivities to β-lactamase inhibitors (amoxicillin/clavulanic acid and piperacillin/tazobactam). There were no strains resistant to carbapenems including imipenem.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Infants aged ≤1 year are susceptible to Salmonella infection in summer and autumn, and the most common serotype is Salmonella typhimurium. Main clinical manifestations are fever and diarrhea in children with Salmonella infection, and most children also have respiratory infection. Salmonella has an increased rate of drug resistance to third-generation cephalosporins. In clinical treatment, antimicrobial drugs should be used according to the results of drug sensitivity test.

Effect of targeted inhibition of the expression of chemokine receptor 4 gene by small interfering RNA on the invasion and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells / 新乡医学院学报

Objective To investigate the effect and its mechanism of targeted inhibition of the expression of chemokine receptor 4(CXCR4) gene by small interfering RNA (siRNA) on the invasion and proliferation of nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.Methods Forty-two nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue and its adjacent tissues in the First Affiliated Hospital of Xinxiang Medical University from January 2014 to December 2016 were collected.The expression of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue and its adjacent tissues were detected by real time-polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.The human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line CNE-2Z were divided into blank control group,negative control group and CX-CR4 transfection group.The cells in blank control group were not given any treatment;the cells in negative control group were transfected nonsense siRNA sequence;the cells in CXCR4 transfection group were transfected CXCR4 targeting siRNA sequence.The protein expression of CXCR4,matrix metalloproteinases-2 (MMP-2),MMP-9,β-catenin,Cyclin D1 were detected by Western bloting after 48 h of transfection.The proliferation and invasion ability of the cells were detected by cell counting kit and Transwell chamber.Results The expression of CXCR4 mRNA in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue and adjacent tissues was 5.526 ±0.143,0.953 ±0.091 respectively;the expression of CXCR4 protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue and adjacent tissues was 0.522 ± 0.047,0.053 ± 0.011 respectively.The expression of CXCR4 mRNA and protein in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissue were significantly higher than those in adjacent tissues (P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression of CXCR4,MMP-2,MMP-9,β-catenin,Cyclin D1 in cells,cell survival rate and the number of cell invasion in CXCR4 transfection group were significantly lower than those in the blank control group and negative control group (P ＜ 0.05);however,there was no significant difference in above indexes between the blank control group and negative control group (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Inhibiting of CXCR4 gene expression in nasopharyngeal carcinoma CNE-2Z cells can significantly decrease the proliferation and invasion ability of cancer cells,and the mechanism may be related to down regulation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway.

A luminescent lanthanide coordination polymer based on energy transfer from metal to metal for hydrogen peroxide detection.

A bimetal lanthanide coordination polymer nanoparticle (ATP-Ce/Tb-Tris CPNs) with good biocompatibility was synthesized in Tris-HCl buffer using adenosine triphosphate (ATP) molecules as the bridge ligands. The large absorption cross section and suitable emission energy of Ce3+ matching to the adsorption energy of Tb3+(4fn) results in the efficient energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+, thus the synthesized ATP-Ce/Tb-Tris CPNs exhibit the characteristic green emission of Tb3+. Such energy transfer from metal to metal in fluorescent lanthanide coordination polymer nanoparticles (Ln-CPNs) has been demonstrated. It is found that the oxidation of Ce3+ in ATP-Ce/Tb-Tris CNPs to Ce4+ would interrupt the energy transfer from Ce3+ to Tb3+, leading to fluorescence quenching of Tb3+. On the basis of this quenching mechanism, ATP-Ce/Tb-Tris CPNs has been successfully used to detect reactive oxygen H2O2 with detection limit as low as 2nM. If glucose oxidase is present in the system, glucose can be determined using the ATP-Ce/Tb-Tris CNPs nanosensor.

A simple way to fine tune the redox potentials of cobalt ions encapsulated in nitrogen doped graphene molecular catalysts for the oxygen evolution reaction.

Co2+ ions encapsulated in nitrogen doped graphene were applied as an oxygen evolution catalyst. Their redox potentials were tuned using different counter anions as liable ligands, and the redox potential related catalytic rates were explored. It was proposed that the electron density of Co2+ ions was a general descriptor for activity.

Application of Mycoplasma pneumoniae antibody and load index in the diagnosis of Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia in children / 中国当代儿科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the role of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP) load and antibody measurements in the diagnosis of MP pneumonia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 115 children with MP pneumonia and 400 healthy children were enrolled. The MP load and total antibody level were measured at different stages, and the MP load index (MPLI) was calculated.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The cut-off value of MPLI for MP infection was 6.12. MPLI and total antibody titer increased during the course of the disease, while MP-DNA decreased rapidly. Within the same time of blood collection, the group with a higher MP load had a significantly higher total antibody titer than the group with a lower MP load (P<0.05). Within 2 weeks of the course of the disease, the negative antibody group had a significantly higher MPLI than the positive antibody group (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>MPLI provides a standardized quantitative value of MP-DNA and plays an important role in the early diagnosis of MP infection.</p>

Mantle Branch-Specific RNA Sequences of Moon Scallop Amusium pleuronectes to Identify Shell Color-Associated Genes.

Amusium pleuronectes (Linnaeus) that secretes red- and white-colored valves in two branches of mantle tissues is an excellent model for shell color research. High-throughput transcriptome sequencing and profiling were applied in this project to reveal the detailed molecular mechanism of this phenotype differentiation. In this study, 50,796,780 and 54,361,178 clean reads were generated from the left branch (secreting red valve, RS) and right branch (secreting white valve, WS) using the Illumina Hiseq 2000 platform. De novo assembly generated 149,375 and 176,652 unigenes with an average length of 764 bp and 698 bp in RS and WS, respectively. Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes (KEGG) metabolic pathway analysis indicated that the differentially expressed genes were involved in 228 signaling pathways, and 43 genes were significantly enriched (P<0.01). Nineteen of 20 differentially expressed vitellogenin genes showed significantly high expression in RS, which suggested that they probably played a crucial role in organic pigment assembly and transportation of the shell. Moreover, 687 crystal formation-related (or biomineralization-related) genes were detected in A. pleuronectes, among which 144 genes exhibited significant difference between the two branches. Those genes could be classified into shell matrix framework participants, crystal nucleation and growth-related elements, upstream regulation factors, Ca level regulators, and other classifications. We also identified putative SNP and SSR markers from these samples which provided the markers for genetic diversity analysis, genetic linkage, QTL analysis. These results provide insight into the complexity of shell color differentiation in A. pleuronectes so as valuable resources for further research.

The diagnosis applying effects of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials in BBPV disease / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the diagnosis applying effects of ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials(oVEMP) in peripheral BPPV disease.@*METHOD@#During September 2012 to January 2015, we selected 80 healthy people in our hospital medical center as the control group, choose the same period of primary benign paroxysmal positional vertigo as the observation group of 80 patients. Two groups were carried out fully functional auditory evoked potential analysis, determination of oVEMP and cervical vestibular evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP) anomaly amplitude threshold, P1 latencies, N1 incubation period.@*RESULT@#The cVEMP abnormal rate in the observation group was 28.8%, the oVEMP abnormal rate was 38.8%, while cVEMP and oVEMP abnormal rates in the control group was 1.3% and 2.5% respectively that compared to significant differences between the two groups (P < 0.05). The oVEMP test amplitude in the observation group was (5.98 ± 2.15) µv, the N1 incubation period was (10.03 ± 0.76)ms, while the control group were (4.09 ± 2.11)µv and (11.67 ± 0.78) ms that compared difference were statistically significant (P < 0.05). The cVEMP test amplitude in the observation group was (154.8 ± 43.9)2 µv, while the control group was (180.49 ± 45.34)µv, compared the difference was statistically significant (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Paroxysmal positional vertigo patients ocular vestibular evoked myogenic potentials abnormal rate is relatively high, the utricle dysfunction for more severe than the balloon can be the subject of an objective function of the ear stone judgment, judgment in favor of the disease.

The expression and clinical significance of MyD88 in laryngeal cancer / 临床耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) expression in laryngeal carcinoma and its clinical significance.@*METHOD@#Fifty-one patients with laryngeal carcinoma were collected, and all patients were confirmed by pathological diagnosis results. The expression of MyD88 protein was detected by immunohistochemical method in laryngeal cancer and its adjacent tissues to investigate the correlation among MyD88 expression, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of patients.@*RESULT@#The positive expression rate of MyD88 in laryngeal cancer tissues was 68.6%, significantly higher than that in normal tissues adjacent to carcinoma of which positive expression rate was 11.8%; MyD88 positive rate had nothing to do with laryngeal cancer patients age, sex, differentiation and tumour location (all P > 0.05), but correlated with clinical stage (P < 0.01) and lymph node metastasis (P < 0.05). In addition, the study also found that the expression of MyD88 quantity was inversely proportional with the five-year survival rate. The survival rate of patients with higher expression of MyD88 was significantly lower than that of patients with lower expression (P < 0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#MyD88 may be an important participant in the pathogenesis of laryngeal carcinoma, MyD88 targeted therapy may improve the prognosis of patients with laryngeal cancer.

A tandem trial of HD-NBI versus HD-WL to compare neoplasia miss rates in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: To determine whether the use of narrow-band imaging (NBI) system could enhance the detection rate of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma and precancerous lesions during endoscopic examination of the esophagus. METHODOLOGY: 113 patients were randomized to undergo endoscopic examination using high definition television (HDTV) narrow band imaging (NBI) endoscopy or HDTV WL endoscopy. The primary endpoint was the difference in the neoplasm miss rate, and secondary outcome was the neoplasm detection rate. RESULTS: The number of esophageal cancer and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia lesions detected by HD-NBI and HD-WL was 45 and 21, respectively. The neoplasm miss rate per lesion and per patient with HD-NBI showed significant difference compared with that of HD-WL (P <0.05). Characteristics of lesions missed by use of HD-NBI were similar to those missed by use of HD-WL; all missed lesions were high grade intraepithelial neoplasia lesions. Significant difference was observed between NBI and WL in adenoma detection rate (70.2% vs. 35.7%, P < 0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Endoscopy with HD-NBI seems to improve the detection of esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions, high definition may be tested for its effect on detection of esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions in the future. These results indicate that endoscopy routinely using the NBI system for the surveillance of esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions may be recommended.

Application of 1H-NMR-based metabolomics for detecting injury induced by long-term microwave exposure in Wistar rats' urine.

There has been growing public concern regarding exposure to microwave fields as a potential human health hazard. This study aimed to identify sensitive biochemical indexes for the detection of injury induced by microwave exposure. Male Wistar rats were exposed to microwaves for 6 min per day, 5 days per week over a period of 1 month at an average power density of 5 mW/cm(2) (specific absorption rate of 2.1 W/kg). Urine specimens were collected over 24 h in metabolic cages at 7 days, 21 days, 2 months, and 6 months after exposure. (1)H NMR spectroscopy data were analyzed using multivariate statistical techniques. Urine metabolic profiles of rats after long-term microwave exposure were significantly differentiated from those of sham-treated controls using principal component analysis or partial least squares discriminant analysis. Significant differences in low molecular weight metabolites (acetate, succinate, citrate, ketoglutarate, glucose, taurine, phenylalanine, tyrosine, and hippurate) were identified in the 5 mW/cm(2) microwave exposure group compared with the sham-treated controls at 7 days, 21 days, and 2 months. Metabolites returned to normal levels by 6 months after exposure. These data indicated that these metabolites were related to the perturbations of energy metabolism particularly in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, and the metabolism of amino acids, monoamines, and choline in urine represent potential indexes for the detection of injury induced by long-term microwave exposure.

[Study on the risk factors related vertical transmission of HBV positive couples to their infant].

OBJECTIVE: To explore the risk factors and the rate of HBV vertical transmission from HBsAg-positive couple to their infant. METHODS: 46 families who had antenatal examination at Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital during August 2010 and November 2011 were chosen as research object. Cord blood was sampled after delivery for HBVM and HBV-DNA quantification. Those with HBV-DNA load ≥ 5 × 10(2) copies/ml were involved in the case group while those having < 5 × 10(2) copies/ml were chosen as controls. RESULTS: The average positive rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA was 45.7% (21/46), while the positive rates of cord blood HBsAg and HBeAg were 34.8% (16/46) and 23.9% (11/46) respectively. The positive rates of maternal serum HBV-DNA and paternal serum HBV-DNA were 52.2% (24/46) and 69.6% (32/46) respectively, with the positive rate of couple serum HBeAg as 39.1% (18/46) and 32.6% (15/46) respectively. Results from univariate analysis showed that hepatitis B surface markers, serum HBeAg-positive, serum HBV-DNA positive, and serum HBV-DNA load of the couples were risk factors to the HBV vertical transmission (χ(2) = 8.731, 8.414, 8.932, 9.663, 10.823, 3.962, 13.638, 36.501; P < 0.05). Data from the multivariate analysis showed that maternal serum HBV-DNA positive and paternal serum HBV-DNA load were risk factors to the HBV vertical transmission[OR = 17.6 (1.3 - 238.4) ; OR = 3.5 (1.6-7.6)]. Serum HBV-DNA loads of the couples were positively correlated with the cord blood HBV-DNA load, while the load levels of the couple's serum HBV-DNA were higher than cord blood HBV-DNA. There appeared dose-response relationship between couple's serum HBV-DNA load level and the cord blood HBV-DNA load level. RESULTS: from the analysis of ROC curve showed that both maternal serum HBV-DNA load level (10(3) copies/ml) and paternal serum HBV-DNA load level (10(4) copies/ml) were demarcation points to better forecast the occurrence of vertical transmission of HBV, because there showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the forecasting process. Neonatal outcomes showed no significant difference between the case group and the control group. The negative conversion rate became 15.0% (3/20) when the HBV-DNA positive infants were followed up for 7 months. CONCLUSION: Both maternal serum HBV-DNA positive and paternal serum HBV-DNA load were risk factors of HBV vertical transmission. When the maternal serum HBV-DNA load appeared > 10(3) copies/ml and paternal serum HBV-DNA load > 10(4) copies/ml, the rate of HBV vertical transmission would increase.

The role of mannan-binding lectin in inhibition of inflammatory responses induced by peptidoglycan and its mechanism in THP-1/CD14 cells / 中华微生物学和免疫学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of mannan-binding lectin(MBL) on TNF-α production induced by peptidoglycan (PGN) and its mechanism in human THP-1/CD14 monocytes.Methods The THP-1/CD14 cells were stimulated for 24 h with PGN at the indicated ratios after pretreated with human natural MBL at concentrations ranging from 1 to 20 mg/L for 2 h.The content of TNF-α and IL-6 in culture supernatants were detected by ELISA,and the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 mRNA expressions in these cells were determined by RT-PCR.FACS was used to investigate the interaction of MBL with THP-1/CD14 cells and the impact of MBL on PGN binding to THP-1/CD14 cells.Western blot was used to detect PGN-induced NF-κB translocation in THP-1/CD14 cells.Results ELISA showed that secretion of TNF-α and IL-6 from THP-1/CD14 cells could be induced by PGN ;The productions of TNF-α and IL-6 by THP-1/CD14 cells induced with PGN were profoundly inhibited by MBL at higher concentrations (10-20 mg/L) but not MBL at lower concentrations (1 mg/L).RT-PCR analysis also indicated that the mRNA expressions of TNF-α and IL-6 in THP-1/CD14 cells were decreased by MBL at higher concentration,compared to the corresponding THP-1/CD14 cells stimulated with PGN only.FACS showed that the binding of MBL to THP-1/CD14 cells was evident in a Ca2+-dependent manner.PGN could competitively inhibit the binding of MBL to THP-1/CD14 cells.MBL could competitively inhibit the binding of PGN to THP-1/CD14 cells by binding to THP-1/CD14 cells directly.Similarly,MBL at higher concentration (20 mg/L) decreased the NF-κB translocation in THP-1/CD14 cells.Conclusion MBL may inhibit TNF-α and IL-6 production induced by PGN in THP-1/CD14 cells through NF-κB signaling pathways,suggesting that MBL can play some roles in the regulation of PGN-induced inflammatory response.

Study on the risk factors related vertical transmission of HBV positive couples to their infant / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To explore the risk factors and the rate of HBV vertical transmission from HBsAg-positive couple to their infant.Methods 46 families who had antenatal examination at Fujian Provincial Maternal and Child Health Hospital during August 2010 and November 2011 were chosen as research object.Cord blood was sampled after delivery for HBVM and HBV-DNA quantification.Those with HBV-DNA load ≥5 × 102 copies/ml were involved in the case group while those having ＜5 × 102 copies/ml were chosen as controls.Results The average positive rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA was 45.7％ (21/46),while the positive rates of cord blood HBsAg and HBeAg were 34.8％(16/46) and 23.9％ (11/46) respectively.The positive rates of maternal serum HBV-DNA and paternal serum HBV-DNA were 52.2％ (24/46) and 69.6％ (32/46) respectively,with the positive rate of couple serum HBeAg as 39.1％ (18/46) and 32.6％(15/46) respectively.Results from univariate analysis showed that hepatitis B surface markers,serum HBeAg-positive,serum HBV-DNA positive,and serum HBV-DNA load of the couples were risk factors to the HBV vertical transmission(x2＝8.731,8.414,8.932,9.663,10.823,3.962,13.638,36.501 ;P＜0.05).Data from the multivariate analysis showed that maternal serum HBV-DNA positive and paternal serum HBV-DNA load were risk factors to the HBV vertical transmission [OR＝ 17.6 (1.3-238.4) ;OR ＝ 3.5 (1.6-7.6)].Serum HBV-DNA loads of the couples were positively correlated with the cord blood HBV-DNA load,while the load levels of the couple' s serum HBV-DNA were higher than cord blood HBV-DNA.There appeared dose-response relationship between couple' s serum HBV-DNA load level and the cord blood HBV-DNA load level.Results from the analysis of ROC curve showed that both maternal serum HBV-DNA load level (103 copies/ml) and paternal serum HBV-DNA load level (104 copies/ml) were demarcation points to better forecast the occurrence of vertical transmission of HBV,because there showed higher sensitivity and specificity for the forecasting process.Neonatal outcomes showed no significant difference between the case group and the control group.The negative conversion rate became 15.0％ (3/20) when the HBV-DNA positive infants were followed up for 7 months.Conclusion Both maternal serum HBV-DNA positive and paternal serum HBV-DNA load were risk factors of HBV vertical transmission.When the maternal serum HBV-DNA load appeared ＞103 copies/ml and paternal serum HBV-DNA load ＞ 104 copies/ml,the rate of HBV vertical transmission would increase.

Resection and drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: an 11-year experience of a single center in mainland China.

The purpose of this study is to provide appropriate approaches for resection and drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinomas. Surgical approaches and postoperative survival rates of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates for patients who underwent resection were 76.6, 36.2, and 10.6 per cent, which was higher than those of 60, 14.3, and 0 per cent, respectively, in palliative operation. Moreover, the 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates for patients who underwent R0 were 88.9, 44.4, and 13.9 per cent, which was improved compared with those of 36.4, 9.1, and 0 per cent, respectively, in nonR0 resection. In addition, the overall survival time of patients who underwent R0 resection combined with hemihepatectomy and caudate lobe resection was longer than of those who underwent R0 without this extra operation, especially within 3 years after operation. After endoscopic metal biliary endoprothesis for patients who were intolerant of resection, liver function was improved at 2 weeks postoperation and the 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates for these patients were 72.7, 18.2, and 0 per cent, respectively. Treatment should be personalized. Resection is the most efficacious therapy, and negative histologic margins should be achieved in radical operation and "skeletonized" surgical operation is the basic requirement of radical treatment of hilar cholangiocarcinoma. Portal vein resection is beneficial to long-term survival and R0 resection combined with caudate lobe resection and hemihepatectomy is more efficacious for patients with Bismuth-Corlette type III hilar cholangiocarcinoma. The preferred approach of drainage in palliative operation is endoscopic metal biliary endoprothesis, which is more appropriate than tumor resection for the patients who suffer from serious comorbidities.

[Difference of root anatomy characteristics and its effect on DEHP accumulation in two genotypes of Brassica parachinensis].

Two genotypes of Brassica parachinensis, DEHP high-accumulation of Youqing-60 and low-accumulation of Teqing-60, were grown in hydroponic systems contaminated with DEHP (20 and 50 mg x L(-1)). Anatomy of roots was measured, and their effects on uptake of DEHP in roots and shoots were discussed. The results showed that roots anatomy of two genotypes of Brassica parachinensis and their responds to DEHP pollution were significantly different. DEHP contents in roots and shoots of Youqing-60 were mainly affected by the thickness of cambium in taproot and the diameter of vascular bundle, the coefficients on DEHP of roots and shoots were 0.900 and 0.809, respectively. DEHP contents of Teqing-60 were mainly affected by the thickness of cambium in taproot and cortex in fibre root in roots, which the coefficient was 0.757, and were mainly affected by the thickness of cambium in taproot in shoots, which the coefficient was 0.856. The wood ray cells in roots of Youqing-60 were rectangular shape and arranged orderly. The thickness of cork layer in taproot and cortex in fibre root of Youqing-60 were lower and the quantity of trachea and diameter of vascular bundle and trachea in fibre root of Yonqing-60 were higher than that of Teqing-60, which indicated that DEHP in soil solution and adsorbed on root were easier penetrated into xylem and transported in Youqing-60 than in Teqing-60.

[A correlation analysis between the rate of vertical transmission of HBV and HBsAg-positive father to infant and the rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA].

OBJECTIVE: To study the influence of HBV-DNA with different load levels of HBsAg-positive among fathers on the rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA. METHODS: Using HBsAg and HBV-DNA as screening indicators for pregnant women and their husbands from an obstetric clinic. 161 pregnant women whose HBsAg and HBV-DNA were negative, but HBsAg was positive among their husbands and their newborns, were selected. Blood samples from those pregnant women, their husbands and their newborns were collected to detect the related indicators. Using ELISA to detect hepatitis B virus markers (HBVM), and FQ-PCR to detect the levels of HBV-DNA load. According to neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA detection guideline, newborns with cord blood HBV-DNA positive were selected as cases, others as controls. RESULTS: (1) Result of the study showed that there was a dose-response relationship between paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA positive rates in newborns (trend χ(2) = 64.117, P = 0.000). The rate of vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg-positive father to infant in the paternal serum HBV-DNA ≥ 1.0 × 10(7) copies/ml group was significantly higher than HBV-DNA < 1.0 × 10(7) copies/ml group (χ(2) = 71.539, P = 0.000). (2) There was a positive rank correlation between semen positive HBeAg and vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg-positive father to infant (χ(2) = 6.892, P = 0.009). CONCLUSION: There was a dose-response relationship between paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA positive in newborns. Paternal serum HBV-DNA ≥ 1.0 × 10(7) copies/ml and with HBeAg positive status were risk factors of vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg-positive father to infant.

A correlation analysis between the rate of vertical transmission of HBV and HBsAg-positive father to infant and the rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To study the influence of HBV-DNA with different load levels of HBsAg-positive among fathers on the rate of neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA.Methods Using HBsAg and HBV-DNA as screening indicators for pregnant women and their husbands from an obstetric clinic.161 pregnant women whose HBsAg and HBV-DNA were negative,but HBsAg was positive among their husbands and their newborns,were selected.Blood samples from those pregnant women,their husbands and their newborns were collected to detect the related indicators.Using ELISA to detect hepatitis B virus markers(HBVM),and FQ-PCR to detect the levels of HBV-DNA load.According to neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA detection guideline,newborns with cord blood HBV-DNA positive were selected as cases,others as controls.Results(1)Result of the study showed that there was a dose-response relationship between paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA positive rates in newborns(trend χ~2=64.117,P=0.000).The rate of vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg-positive father to infant in the paternal serum HBV-DNA＞1.0×107 copies/ml group was significantly higher than HBV-DNA＜1.0×107 copies/ml group(χ~2=71.539,P=0.000).(2)There was a positive rank correlation between semen positive HBeAg and vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg-positive father to infant(χ~2=6.892,P=0.009).Conclusion There was a dose-response relationship between paternal serum HBV-DNA load levels and neonatal cord blood HBV-DNA positive in newborns.Paternal serum HBV-DNA≥1.0×107 copies/ml and with HBeAg positive status were risk factors of vertical transmission of HBV from HBsAg-positive father to infant.