Characterization of the second- and third-harmonic optical susceptibilities of atomically thin tungsten diselenide.

We report the first detailed characterization of the sheet third-harmonic optical susceptibility, χ(3)s, of tungsten diselenide (WSe2). With a home-built multiphoton microscope setup developed to study harmonics generation, we map the second and third-harmonic intensities as a function of position in the sample, pump power and polarization angle, for single- and few-layers flakes of WSe2. We register a value of |χ(3)s| ≈ 0.9 × 10-28 m3 V-2 at a fundamental excitation frequency of ℏω = 0.8 eV, which is comparable in magnitude to the third-harmonic susceptibility of other group-VI transition metal dichalcogenides. The simultaneously recorded sheet second-harmonic susceptibility is found to be |χ(2)s| ≈ 0.7 × 10-19 m2 V-1 in very good agreement on the order of magnitude with recent reports for WSe2, which asserts the robustness of our values for |χ(3)s|.

Explaining simultaneous dual-band carbon nanotube mode-locking Erbium-doped fiber laser by net gain cross section variation.

In this paper we report the pulse evolution of a simultaneously mode-locked Erbium-doped fiber laser at 1556-nm-band and 1533-nm-band. We explain the dual wavelength laser operation by means of net gain cross section variations caused by the population inversion rate dependence on the pump power. At 1556-nm-band, we observed pulse duration of 370 fs with bandwidth of 8.50 nm and, for pump power higher than 150 mW, we observe the rise of a CW and mode-locked laser, sequentially, at 1533-nm-band. We show that both bands are simultaneously mode-locked and operate at different repetition rates.