Functional deficit in children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical correction after intensive care unit discharge. / Déficit funcional em crianças com cardiopatias congênitas submetidas à correção cirúrgica após alta da unidade de terapia intensiva.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the functional status of pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery after discharge from the intensive care unit, and to evaluate the correlations among clinical variables, functional status and surgical risk. METHODS: Cross-sectional study including patients aged 1 month to less than 18 years undergoing congenital heart surgery between October 2017 and May 2018. Functional outcome was assessed by the Functional Status Scale, surgical risk classification was determined using the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1), and clinical variables were collected from electronic medical records. RESULTS: The sample comprised 57 patients with a median age of 7 months (2 - 17); 54.4% were male, and 75.5% showed dysfunction, which was moderate in 45.6% of the cases. RACHS-1 category > 3 was observed in 47% of the sample, indicating higher surgical risk. There was a correlation between functional deficit and younger age, longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation and longer intensive care unit stay. Moreover, greater functional deficit was observed among patients classified as RACHS-1 category > 3. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of functional deficit was high among children and adolescents with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery. Higher surgical risk, longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, longer intensive care unit stay and younger age were correlated with worse functional status.

Déficit funcional em crianças com cardiopatias congênitas submetidas à correção cirúrgica após alta da unidade de terapia intensiva / Functional deficit in children with congenital heart disease undergoing surgical correction after intensive care unit discharge

RESUMO Objetivo: Avaliar a funcionalidade de pacientes pediátricos submetidos à correção cirúrgica de cardiopatia congênita após a alta da unidade de terapia intensiva e as possíveis correlações com variáveis clínicas e risco cirúrgico. Métodos: Estudo transversal, que incluiu crianças entre 1 mês e 18 anos incompletos, que realizaram cirurgia para correção de cardiopatia congênita, no período de outubro de 2017 até maio de 2018. A avaliação da funcionalidade foi realizada por meio da Functional Status Scale, a avaliação do risco cirúrgico se deu pelo Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1), e as variáveis clínicas foram obtidas do prontuário eletrônico. Resultados: A amostra foi composta de 57 crianças, com mediana de idade de 7 (2 - 17) meses, sendo 54,4% do sexo masculino. Dentre as crianças, 75,5% apresentaram alteração na funcionalidade, e 45,6% delas tiveram disfunção moderada. Cerca de 47% da amostra apresentou classificação RACHS-1 > 3, indicando maior risco cirúrgico. Maior déficit funcional foi associado a crianças mais novas, com maior duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva e do tempo de internação na unidade de terapia intensiva. Além disso, maior grau de disfunção foi observado entre aqueles classificados com RACHS-1 > 3. Conclusão: A prevalência de disfunção foi elevada em crianças e adolescentes com cardiopatia após cirurgia cardíaca. Maior risco cirúrgico, duração da ventilação mecânica invasiva, permanência na unidade de terapia intensiva e os mais jovens apresentaram associação com pior desempenho funcional.

Abstract Objective: To evaluate the functional status of pediatric patients undergoing congenital heart surgery after discharge from the intensive care unit, and to evaluate the correlations among clinical variables, functional status and surgical risk. Methods: Cross-sectional study including patients aged 1 month to less than 18 years undergoing congenital heart surgery between October 2017 and May 2018. Functional outcome was assessed by the Functional Status Scale, surgical risk classification was determined using the Risk Adjustment for Congenital Heart Surgery-1 (RACHS-1), and clinical variables were collected from electronic medical records. Results: The sample comprised 57 patients with a median age of 7 months (2 - 17); 54.4% were male, and 75.5% showed dysfunction, which was moderate in 45.6% of the cases. RACHS-1 category > 3 was observed in 47% of the sample, indicating higher surgical risk. There was a correlation between functional deficit and younger age, longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation and longer intensive care unit stay. Moreover, greater functional deficit was observed among patients classified as RACHS-1 category > 3. Conclusion: The prevalence of functional deficit was high among children and adolescents with congenital heart disease after cardiac surgery. Higher surgical risk, longer duration of invasive mechanical ventilation, longer intensive care unit stay and younger age were correlated with worse functional status.

Functional Status Scale: Cross-Cultural Adaptation and Validation in Brazil.

OBJECTIVE: The goal of the present study was to perform a cross-cultural adaptation and clinical validation of the Functional Status Scale for use in the Brazilian population. DESIGN: Cross-cultural adaptation study followed by a cross-sectional validation study. SETTING: Single-center PICU at a hospital in Porto Alegre, Brazil. PATIENTS: Children and adolescents of both sexes, 1 month and under 18 years old, who had been treated at the PICU. INTERVENTIONS: The cross-cultural adaptation consisted of the following stages: translation, synthesis of the translated versions, back translations, synthesis of the back translations, committee review, and pretesting. For the clinical validation stage, the Brazilian Functional Status Scale was applied within 48 hours after discharge from the PICU. The Brazilian Functional Status Scale's reliability and validity properties were tested. MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: A total of 314 patients were evaluated. Median age was 24 months (7.0-105.0 mo), 54.1% were males, and their overall functional score was 9 ± 2.8. The Brazilian Functional Status Scale demonstrated excellent interobserver reliability, with an intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.98, and κ coefficients between 0.716 and 1.000 for the functional domains, which indicated good to excellent agreement. Using the Bland-Altman method, we confirmed low variability among the evaluator's responses (0.93 to -1.06 points). Regarding the Brazilian Functional Status Scale's content validity, there was a correlation between length of PICU stay (r = 0.378; p < 0.001) and time on invasive mechanical ventilation (r = 0.261; p < 0.05), and the test could discriminate between groups with different comorbidity levels (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The Functional Status Scale has been culturally adapted and validated for use in Brazil and is now available for use in the assessment of functionality in Brazilian children and adolescents.