El estado metabólico y su asociación con la actividad ósea en la mujer posmenopáusica / Metabolic status and its association with bone activity in post-menopausal women

Antecedentes y objetivo: En la posmenopausia se presentan alteraciones en el metabolismo de los lípidos, sensibilidad a la insulina e incremento del tejido adiposo visceral, lo que se asocia a un aumento del riesgo cardiometabólico. La osteocalcina (OCN) es una proteína de remodelación ósea, que recientemente se ha observado que participa en la regulación del metabolismo de la glucosa, lípidos y del tejido adiposo. Son limitados los estudios de OCN en la etapa posmenopáusica. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar la relación de la concentración de OCN con la obesidad y el síndrome metabólico (SM) en mujeres pre y posmenopáusicas. Métodos: Estudio transversal que incluyó a 261 participantes de 45 a 60 años, quienes fueron evaluadas clínicamente y se les midió glucosa y perfil de lípidos. La OCN sérica y la insulina se determinaron por quimioluminiscencia. Resultados: De las participantes, 128 fueron premenopáusicas y 133 posmenopáusicas; el 33% de las participantes presentaban SM. En las mujeres posmenopáusicas, la concentración de OCN fue superior en comparación a las premenopáusicas (7,2±4,0 vs. 5,5±6,4 ng/mL, p<0,019). La concentración de OCN en la mujer posmenopáusica con SM fue más elevada en comparación al grupo control (8,4±5,1 vs. 6,3±2,8 ng/mL, p=0,003). Conclusión: En la posmenopausia, el déficit de estrógenos y la resistencia a la insulina se asocian a un incremento de la concentración de OCN

Introduction and objective: Changes in lipid metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and visceral adipose tissue increase cardio-metabolic risk. Recent evidence suggests that osteocalcin (OCN) may play a role in metabolism. However, little is known about the OCN in post-menopausal women. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between the concentration of OCN with obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) in pre-and post-menopausal women. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted that included 261 participants who were reviewed clinically and underwent laboratory studies, including the determination of serum OCN and insulin by chemiluminescence. Results: Of the participants, 128 were pre-menopausal, 133 post-menopausal, and 33% had MS. OCN concentration was higher in post-menopausal women than in pre-menopausal (7.7±5.7 vs. 5.3 + 2.6 ng/mL, P<.001). OCN levels in post-menopausal women with MS were greater than those without MS (8.4±5.1 vs 6.3±2.8 ng/mL, P.003). Conclusion: Oestrogen deficiency and insulin resistance are associated with increased OCN during the stage of post-menopausal stage

Coagulation factors, anticoagulant proteins, and plasminogen in Mexican older adults.

INTRODUCTION: Hemostasis protects upon the occurrence of vascular endothelial damage, with involving of different factors. The interaction of these factors in older adults is poorly known, and has been associated with different disorders. Therefore, we determined the activity of coagulation factors (CF), anticoagulant proteins (AP), and plasminogen (Plg), as well as the frequency of deficiencies of these proteins in a population of healthy Mexican older adults (OA). METHODS: CF (I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XI y XII), AP [protein C (PC), protein S (PS), and antithrombin (AT)], and Plg were determined from 244 plasma samples of OA using commercial kits in a coagulometer ACL Elite Pro. RESULTS: A total of 139 women and 105 men were under study. They were divided into age range groups (50-59, 60-69, 70-79, and ˃80 years). Activity of CF, AP, and Plg was determined. Frequencies of CF, AP, and Plg activity values were obtained for each age group according to gender. Differences were found between both frequencies for each protein. CONCLUSION: Significant differences were found, so it is recommended to establish reference values (RV) for the activity of fibrinogen and FX by decade and gender, FVII and FXII by gender, FII, FV, FVIII, PC, PS, and Plg by decade, whereas for FIX, FXI, and AT, they are not modified by age or gender, so the RV described for adult Mexican population can be used. It is important to integrate these results into established diagnostic algorithms, which can be taken into account to provide an accurate diagnosis and treatment for patients with suspected hemorrhagic or thrombotic processes, as well as suggest those habits that improve their quality of life, to maintain optimal health and prevent thrombotic and hemorrhagic events.