Análisis bibliometrico de las tesis doctorales españolas en artes marciales y publicaciones científicas de sus autores / Análise bibliométrica das teses de doutorado na Espanha em artes marciais e publicações científicas de seus autores / Bibliometric analysis of Spanish doctoral thesis in martial arts and scientific publications of their authors

El objetivo es verificar si la obtención del título de Doctor es un factor que promueve la formación de nuevos investigadores. Presentar el índice h de los doctores autores así como la relación que hay con medidas utilizadas para evaluar la productividad investigadora, como número de artículos e índice de citas. Mediante la base de datos TESEO y Web of Science se obtuvieron los registros de trabajos. Los resultados mostraron un total de 86 tesis (2,2 tesis/año), más de 285 trabajos en Web of Science, con media de 5,81 trabajos/autor. La media de citas por trabajo es de 4,25, mientras que la de citas por autor se sitúa en 24,73. La media general de índice h es de 2,02 por autor. Se concluyen baja producción de tesis doctorales en España en Artes Marciales. Más de la mitad de los doctores-autores publican trabajos en Web of Science con notable difusión científica de sus tesis.

O objetivo é verificar se a obtenção do título de Doutor é um fator que promove a formação de novos investigadores. Apresentar o índice h dos doutores-autores, bem como a relação que existe com as medidas utilizadas para avaliar a produtividade da pesquisa, como número de artigos e índice de citações. Mediante o banco de dados TESEO e a Web of Science obteve-se os registros do trabalho. Os resultados mostraram um total de 86 teses (2,2 teses/ano), mais de 285 trabalhos na Web of Science, com uma média de 5,81 trabalhos/autor. O número médio de consultas por trabalho é de 4,25, enquanto o número de consultas por autor é de 24,73. O índice geral h-index é 2.02 por autor. Concluímos baixa produção de teses de doutorado em Espanha em artes marciais. Mais de metade dos autores doutores-autores publicam trabalhos na Web of Science com notável difusão científica de suas teses.

The objective is to verify if obtaining the title of Doctor is a factor that promotes the formation of new investigators. Present of the h-index of the authors-authors as well as the relationship that exists with measures used to evaluate research productivity, such as number of articles and index of citations. The TESEO and Web of Science database obtained the work records. The results showed a total of 86 theses (2.2 theses / year) more than 285 works in Web of Science, with an average of 5.81 works / author. The average number of appointments per work is 4.25, while the number of appointments per author stands at 24.73. The overall mean h-index is 2.02 per author. We conclude a low production of doctoral theses in Spain in Martial Arts. More than half of the doctor-authors publish works in Web of Science with a remarkable scientific diffusion of their theses.

Disponibilidad en abierto de los artículos en web of science y scopus que publican y citan los profesores universitarios de educación física: el caso de España / Open access to the papers in web of science and scopus published and cited by physical education university lecturers: the case of Spain / Acesso aberto a artigos científicos nos repositórios web of science e scopus que publicam e citam os professores universitários de educação física: o caso de Espanha

La publicación en abierto de los artículos y el depósito en repositorios o páginas mejoran el avance de la ciencia. El objetivo de este trabajo es identificar estas prácticas en las revistas que publican y citan los profesores universitarios españoles. En este trabajo, además, se analizan las bases de datos de Web of Science (WoS) y Scopus y la cantidad de artículos por autor y el número de autores por artículo. El estudio pone de manifiesto que las revistas indexadas a Scopus reciben más citas que las indexadas en WoS. Más del 75% del profesorado no publica artículos en revistas indexadas en las bases de datos analizadas. El promedio de autores firmantes por artículo es de 5,4 autores para WoS y 6,4 en Scopus. El número de artículos es de 7,7 en WoS y 9,7 en Scopus. La mayoría de revistas no publican sus trabajos con acceso abierto y pocas revistas disponen de información sobre el depósito en repositorios. En relación con el número total de citas y artículos en WoS y Scopus se dan correlaciones altamente positivas. Por último, se concluye sobre la necesidad de abertura de la información científica a toda la comunidad internacional, esta práctica mejoraría la difusión e impacto de las revistas.

A publicação aberta de artigos e o depósito em repositórios ou páginas contribuem para a divulgação e o debate científico. O objetivo deste trabalho é identificar estas práticas nas revistas que publicam e citam professores universitários espanhóis. Para além disto, neste trabalho, analisa-se as bases de dados da Web of Science (WoS) e Scopus e número de artigos por autor e o número de autores por artigo. O estudo mostra que as revistas indexadas no Scopus recebem mais citações que as indexadas na WoS. Mais de 75 % dos professores não publicam artigos em revistas indexadas nas bases de dados analisadas. O número médio de autores por artigo é de 5,4 autores em WoS e 6,4 en Scopus. E o número de artigos por professor é de 7,7 WoS y 9,7 Scopus. A maiorias das revistas não publica es seus artigos em acesso aberto e poucas dispõem de informação sobre o depósito em repositórios. Em relação ao número total de citações e artigos em WoS e Scopus verificaram-se correlações altamente positivas. Por fim, concluiu-se sobre a necessidade da abertura da informação científica para a comunidade internacional, prática esta que poderia melhorar a difusão e o impacto das revistas.

Open publication of papers and articles in open-access archives or sites contributes to moving science forward. this paper aims to identify this practice in journals published and cited by spanish university lecturers. besides, this study compares databases extracted from web of science (wos) and scopus and analyses the number of papers of author as well as the number of authors for each paper. the study reveals that the journals indexed in scopus receive more citations than those indexed in wos. over 75% of lecturers do not publish papers in journals indexed in the databases under analysis. the average of authors per paper is between 5.4 for wos vs. 6.4 for scopus. while the number of papers for each lecturer ranges between 7.7 for wos vs 9.7 for scopus. most journals do not grant open access to their contents and very few of them have information about archives. as regards the total number of citations and papers in wos and scopus, the study has found highly positive correlations. finally, this paper concludes that there is a need to open up scientific information to the international community as a whole, and that such a practice would contribute to increasing the papers’ circulation and impact on the scientific community.

Design and synthesis of irreversible inhibitors of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) causes a highly infectious and economically devastating disease of livestock. The FMDV genome is translated as a single polypeptide precursor that is cleaved into functional proteins predominantly by the highly conserved viral 3C protease, making this enzyme an attractive target for antiviral drugs. A peptide corresponding to an optimal substrate has been modified at the C-terminus, by the addition of a warhead, to produce irreversible inhibitors that react as Michael acceptors with the enzyme active site. Further investigation highlighted key structural determinants for inhibition, with a positively charged P2 being particularly important for potency.

Lactant de 6 mesos amb erupció facial intermitent / No disponible

No disponible

Insights into cleavage specificity from the crystal structure of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease complexed with a peptide substrate.

Picornavirus replication is critically dependent on the correct processing of a polyprotein precursor by 3C protease(s) (3C(pro)) at multiple specific sites with related but non-identical sequences. To investigate the structural basis of its cleavage specificity, we performed the first crystallographic structural analysis of non-covalent complexes of a picornavirus 3C(pro) with peptide substrates. The X-ray crystal structure of the foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C(pro), mutated to replace the catalytic Cys by Ala and bound to a peptide (APAKQ|LLNFD) corresponding to the P5-P5' region of the VP1-2A cleavage junction in the viral polyprotein, was determined up to 2.5 A resolution. Comparison with free enzyme reveals significant conformational changes in 3C(pro) on substrate binding that lead to the formation of an extended interface of contact primarily involving the P4-P2' positions of the peptide. Strikingly, the deep S1' specificity pocket needed to accommodate P1'-Leu only forms when the peptide binds. Substrate specificity was investigated using peptide cleavage assays to show the impact of amino acid substitutions within the P5-P4' region of synthetic substrates. The structure of the enzyme-peptide complex explains the marked substrate preferences for particular P4, P2 and P1 residue types, as well as the relative promiscuity at P3 and on the P' side of the scissile bond. Furthermore, crystallographic analysis of the complex with a modified VP1-2A peptide (APAKE|LLNFD) containing a Gln-to-Glu substitution reveals an identical mode of peptide binding and explains the ability of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C(pro) to cleave sequences containing either P1-Gln or P1-Glu. Structure-based mutagenesis was used to probe interactions within the S1' specificity pocket and to provide direct evidence of the important contribution made by Asp84 of the Cys-His-Asp catalytic triad to proteolytic activity. Our results provide a new level of detail in our understanding of the structural basis of polyprotein cleavage by 3C(pro).

Chemical and biomimetic total syntheses of natural and engineered MCoTI cyclotides.

The naturally-occurring cyclic cystine-knot microprotein trypsin inhibitors MCoTI-I and MCoTI-II have been synthesised using both thia-zip native chemical ligation and a biomimetic strategy featuring chemoenzymatic cyclisation by an immobilised protease. Engineered analogues have been produced containing a range of substitutions at the P1 position that redirect specificity towards alternative protease targets whilst retaining excellent to moderate affinity. Furthermore, we report an MCoTI analogue that is a selective low-microM inhibitor of foot-and-mouth-disease virus (FMDV) 3C protease, the first reported peptide-based inhibitor of this important viral enzyme.

A continuous assay for foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease activity.

Foot-and-mouth disease virus is a highly contagious pathogen that spreads rapidly among livestock and is capable of causing widespread agricultural and economic devastation. The virus genome is translated to produce a single polypeptide chain that subsequently is cleaved by viral proteases into mature protein products, with one protease, 3C(pro), carrying out the majority of the cleavages. The highly conserved nature of this protease across different viral strains and its crucial role in viral maturation and replication make it a very desirable target for inhibitor design. However, the lack of a convenient and high-throughput assay has been a hindrance in the characterization of potential inhibitors. In this article, we report the development of a continuous assay with potential for high throughput using fluorescence resonance energy transfer-based peptide substrates. Several peptide substrates containing the 3C-specific cleavage site were synthesized, varying both the positions and separation of the fluorescent donor and quencher groups. The best substrate, with a specificity constant k(cat)/K(M) of 57.6+/-2.0M(-1) s(-1), was used in inhibition assays to further characterize the protease's activity against a range of commercially available inhibitors. The inhibition profile of the enzyme showed characteristics of both cysteine and serine proteases, with the chymotrypsin inhibitor TPCK giving stoichiometric inhibition of the enzyme and allowing active site titration of the 3C(pro).

Foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease: recent structural and functional insights into an antiviral target.

The 3C protease from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV 3C(pro)) is critical for viral pathogenesis, having vital roles in both the processing of the polyprotein precursor and RNA replication. Although recent structural and functional studies have revealed new insights into the mechanism and function of the enzyme, key questions remain that must be addressed before the potential of FMDV 3C(pro) as an antiviral drug target can be realised.

Structural and mutagenic analysis of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3C protease reveals the role of the beta-ribbon in proteolysis.

The 3C protease (3C(pro)) from foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV), the causative agent of a widespread and economically devastating disease of domestic livestock, is a potential target for antiviral drug design. We have determined the structure of a new crystal form of FMDV 3C(pro), a chymotrypsin-like cysteine protease, which reveals features that are important for catalytic activity. In particular, we show that a surface loop which was disordered in previous structures adopts a beta-ribbon structure that is conformationally similar to equivalent regions on other picornaviral 3C proteases and some serine proteases. This beta-ribbon folds over the peptide binding cleft and clearly contributes to substrate recognition. Replacement of Cys142 at the tip of the beta-ribbon with different amino acids has a significant impact on enzyme activity and shows that higher activity is obtained with more hydrophobic side chains. Comparison of the structure of FMDV 3C(pro) with homologous enzyme-peptide complexes suggests that this correlation arises because the side chain of Cys142 contacts the hydrophobic portions of the P2 and P4 residues in the peptide substrate. Collectively, these findings provide compelling evidence for the role of the beta-ribbon in catalytic activity and provide valuable insights for the design of FMDV 3C(pro) inhibitors.