Aqueous dynamic and histological findings after deep sclerectomy with collagen implant in an animal model.

AIM: The use of an animal model to study the aqueous dynamic and the histological findings after deep sclerectomy with (DSCI) and without collagen implant. METHODS: Deep sclerectomy was performed on rabbits' eyes. Eyes were randomly assigned to receive collagen implants. Measurements of intraocular pressure (IOP) and aqueous outflow facility using the constant pressure method through cannulation of the anterior chamber were performed. The system was filled with BSS and cationised ferritin. Histological assessment of the operative site was performed. Sections were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and with Prussian blue. Aqueous drainage vessels were identified by the reaction between ferritin and Prussian blue. All eyes were coded so that the investigator was blind to the type of surgery until the evaluation was completed. RESULTS: A significant decrease in IOP (p<0.05) was observed during the first 6 weeks after DSCI (mean IOP was 13.07 (2.95) mm Hg preoperatively and 9.08 (2.25) mm Hg at 6 weeks); DS without collagen implant revealed a significant decrease in IOP at weeks 4 and 8 after surgery (mean IOP 12.57 (3.52) mm Hg preoperatively, 9.45 (3.38) mm Hg at 4 weeks, and 9.22 (3.39) mm Hg at 8 weeks). Outflow facility was significantly increased throughout the 9 months of follow up in both DSCI and DS groups (p<0.05). The preoperative outflow facility (OF) was 0.15 (0.02) micro l/min/mm Hg. At 9 months, OF was 0.52 (0.28) microl/min/mm Hg and 0.46 (0.07) micro l/min/mm Hg for DSCI and DS respectively. Light microscopy studies showed the appearance of new aqueous drainage vessels in the sclera adjacent to the dissection site in DSCI and DS and the apparition of spindle cells lining the collagen implant in DSCI after 2 months. CONCLUSION: A significant IOP decrease was observed during the first weeks after DSCI and DS. DS with or without collagen implant provided a significant increase in outflow facility throughout the 9 months of follow up. This might be partly explained by new drainage vessels in the sclera surrounding the operated site. Microscopic studies revealed the appearance of spindle cells lining the collagen implant in DSCI after 2 months.

[Renin-secreting tumor detected by MRI]. / Tumeur à rénine découverte par IRM.

We report an uncommon case of small renin secreting tumor of the kidney located in the medulla. The tumor was primarily detected by MRI and subsequently studied by spiral CT. The results and limitations of both techniques are discussed.

[Intrathoracic retrotracheal goiter: excision through a cervical approach]. / Goitre endothoracique rétrotrachéal: exérèse par voie cervicale.

A case of retrotracheal goiter in the posterior mediastinum in a 53 year-old woman revealed by dyspnea is here described. A computed tomographic scan and magnetic resonance imaging specified the his extension from the lower flap of the thyroid, and its relationships in the mediastinum. It was removed through a cervicotomy only.

[Cerebral artery ischemia and neonatal convulsions]. / Ischémie artérielle cérébrale et convulsions néonatales.

A new case of neonatal seizures due to arterial ischemia is reported and the symptoms and prognosis of this condition are discussed. Arterial ischemia should be routinely considered in neonates who develop seizures a few days after an uneventful birth. Seizure recurrences exhibit unchanging features, in particular consistent focalization. The value of cerebral CT scan studies is underlined. Transfontanellar ultrasonography is not helpful in this condition. MRI may be especially informative for monitoring anatomical lesions over time and Doppler studies may be of value when performed at a very early stage. The outcome in the case reported herein and in previous reports is fairly favorable.

[Breast hematoma and cytosteatonecrosis. Apropos of 55 cases]. / Hématome et cytostéatonécrose mammaire. A propos de 55 observations.

The authors report a retrospective study of 55 cases, 34 hematomas and 21 cytosteatonecrosis (CSN) of the breast, during 15 years. The mammary hematoma can appear with an encapsuled or diffused form, or in 40% of cases without radiographic model. The diagnosis of CSN, is easy, such as ringed, macrocalcified, or oil cystic, but when it is the case of solid cicatriciel mass, it is difficult to distinguish it from mammary carcinoma, in approximatively half of the cases. The etiopathogenic discussion, display, traumatic features, ischemic cellular disease, such as mammary infarct, inflammatory lesions, duct ectasia, anticoagulant drugs, needle aspiration... Even though nodular lesion may be a carcinoma, a very suggestive lesion with spicules and skin retraction may be benign. The follow up, or histological examination by biopsie or surgery, is always essential.

[Abrikossoff's tumor with bronchial localization. Contribution of x-ray computed tomography in a new case]. / Tumeur d'Abrikossoff à localisation bronchique. Apport de la tomodensitométrie à l'occasion d'un nouveau cas.

The authors present a case of Abrikossoff's tumor located in the segmental bronchus and detected on a systematic chest radiography, diagnosed during an endoscopy is reported. The CT study specified the tumoral extension. Bronchial distal affections is very rare. A confrontation with the anatomopathological data allowed a better understanding scanographic aspect.

[Thrombophlebitis of the right ovarian vein. X-ray computed tomographic diagnosis and monitoring of 2 cases]. / Thrombophlébite de la veine ovarienne droite. Diagnostic et surveillance scanographique de deux cas.

We report two cases of post partum right ovarian vein thrombophlebitis: The aspect of the C.T. is presented, specifying the anatomic relations of the right ovarian vein. The C.T. progression under treatment is illustrated in one case by the appearance of a vena cava thrombosis and in another by a return to normal. The possibility of other examinations is discussed. Correct knowledge of these C.T. findings should allow a diagnosis and a treatment without invasive procedures.