RESUMO
Vocalizations of African weasels (Poecilogale albinucha) and polecats (Ictonyx striatus) were tape recorded and analysed sonagraphically. Calls are described in terms of function. Adult calls of both species are divided into the categories: threat, defence, and greeting. Female polecats also vocalized during copulation. Three calls peculiar to the young of both species were recorded. Basically similar tonal patterns of homologous vocalizations by both mustelines can be recognized. Calls of blind young could be recognized as primitive versions of adult calls. The limited vocal repertoire of the animals, with most sounds of a threatening or defensive nature, is typical of solitary species. Similarities between the languages of the two study species and other mustelines can be recognized.