[Autoimmune disorders in liqvidators 11 years after the Chernobyl accident]. / Autoimmunye sdvigi u likvidatorov cherez 11 let posle avarii na ChAES.

We studied long-lasting consequences of the low-doses irradiation on the immune system of 71 clean-up workers who participated in the emergency work after the Chernobyl Plant accident in 1986 and 25 healthy donors from Belarus. In sera of the workers the level of autoantibodies to thyroid gland antigens (thyroglobulin and microsomal fraction of thyroid gland) was increased in 48% of cases, the level of autoantibodies to lens oculis antigen was increased in 44% of cases; the level of circulating immune complexes was elevated in 55%, and the serum level of thyroglobulin in 60% of people. Immunological disorders were found without any definite clinical evidences of diseases and this allows us to consider the examined contingent as a group of risk for the development of autoimmune pathology in the future.

[Comparison of the radiosensitizing action of metronidazole administered orally and locally]. / Sravnenie radiosensibiliziruiushchego deistviia metronidazola pri ego obshchem i mestnom primenenii.

A local injection of metronidazole dissolved in dimethylsulfoxide reinforces the damaging effect of ionizing radiation on RL-67 adenocarcinoma cells to the same degree as was observed after oral administration thereof. However, with local administration, the dose of the preparation may be 12.5 times reduced.

[Recurrent purulent meningitis and spinal fluid rhinorrhea]. / Retsidiviruiushchie gnoinye meningity i nazal'naia likvoreia.

The analysis of the clinical, laboratory and roentgenological symptoms of 15 patients with the recurrent course of suppurative meningitis and nasal liquorrhea (11 patients) has made it possible to establish that the main factors underlying this disease include craniocerebral trauma, the formation of liquor fistulas and focal infection in the adnexal sinuses. It has been shown that surgery is the cardinal and radical method of treatment determining the disease prognosis.

[Acute cerebral circulatory disorders of an ischemic nature in young persons with an accessory cervical rib]. / Ostrye narusheniia mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia ishemicheskogo kharaktera pri dobavochnom sheinom rebre u lits molodogo vozrasta.

Two young patients with ischemic strokes in the vertebrobasilar basin were observed. The results of the observation verified by brachiocephalic aortography and operation showed that the development of the ischemic lesion because of a circulation disorder in the vertebrobasilar basin in young people could be due to the presence of an additional cervical rib. The leading role in the pathogenesis of those disorders belongs to arterial spasms developing because of irritation of the vegetative structures of the subclavicular artery. The authors consider it reasonable to differentiate between the additional cervical rib syndrome and hypertrophy of the transverse process of the VIIIth vertebra on the one hand and the syndrome of the anterior scalene muscle on the other.

[Tortuosity of the internal carotid artery]. / Obizvitosti vnutrennei sonnoí arterii.

The character and frequency of internal carotid artery deformities on the neck were examined on 1009 arteriograms taken from patients suffering from various cerebral pathologies. Prevalence of convolution and looping of the artery was noted in patients with hypertensive hemorrhages (37%), hemorrhages due to intracranial sacculated aneurysms (35%), and, to a lesser extent, in patients with spontaneous subarachnoidal hemorrhages (19%), intracranial tumours (25%) and traumatic subdural hematomas (22%). This was, probably, due to age-related peculiarities of the vessel structure. It is supposed that the above deformities of the internal carotid artery are an extreme type of the structure that may be either congenital, or acquired. Since such deformities are rather frequent (25 to 30%) they should be regarded not as manifestations of a pathology, but rather as peculiarities of the vessel structure associated with age.

[Serotonin and ATP metabolism in the thrombocytes of patients with different stages of cerebrovascular disorders of the ischemic type]. / Osobennosti obmena serotonina i ATF v trombotsitakh u bol'nykh s raznymi stadiiami narusheniia mozgovogo krovoobrashcheniia ishemicheskogo kharaktera.

The patients with ischemic lesions of brain circulation showed marked biochemic changes of blood platelets. Obviously it plays an important role in the development of the given pathology. In the acute stage of the stroke there was a decrease of serotonin and ATP content in platelet which gradually increased along with the development of the disease. In the period of the residual phenomena the level of the studied indices appeared significantly increased in comparison with the normal one. In the patients with transferred lesions of the brain circulation at the acute stage serotonin and ATP content was not below the normal level. Later on the increase of these parameters took place and in the period of the residual phenomena theirlevel in platelet did not differ from serotonin and ATP content in blood platelets of the patients with the ischemic stroke.

[Nucleic acid and protein synthesis in the lymphocyte populations of men, women and patients with karyotype 45,XO]. / Sintez nukleinovykh kislot i belka v populiatsiiakh limfotsitov muzhchin, zhenshchin i bol'nykh s kariotipom 45,XO.

The synthesis of DNA, RNA and protein was measured in the lymphoid cells of the palatine tonsils in children aged from 3 to 15 years. The rate of RNA synthesis was also studied in the peripheral blood lymphocytes of men and women of different age and also in the patients with Shereskevsky-Turner's syndrome. 3H-thymidine incorporation into the tonsillar lymphocytes was independent of sex. 3H-uridine incorporation both into the palatine lymphocytes and into the peripheral blood lymphocytes in persons under 20 years of age and over 50 years old was greater in males. The rate of RNA and protein synthesis in the lymphocytes with kariotype 45,XO proved to be greater than in the lymphocytes with kariotype 46,XX and 46XY. The detected differences are discussed from the aspect of sex differences of the hormonal background and dyshormonal condition in patients with Shereshevsky-Turner's syndrome and possible differences in the temporary parameters of the mitotic cycle.

[Uridine incorporation into the RNA of stimulated lymphocytes with different sets of sex chromosomes]. / Vkliuchenie uridina v RNK stimulirovannykh limfotsitov s razlichnym naborom polovykh khromosom.

Phytohemagglutinin (PHA)-induced stimulation of uridine incorporation into RNA was studied with cotton-wool isolated peripheral blood human lymphocytes. The amount of labeling in 24-hour cultures proved to be increased in men and in 45,XO patients, compared to women. With high doses of PHA applied, hyperreactivity of the 45, XO cells was revealed. PHA-activation in normal persons tends to decrease with advancing age. Complex genomic as well as sex hormone effects may be responsible for the differences observed.