RESUMO
OBJECTIVE: To report the importance of a rare organic acid metabolic disorder, L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria, and its characteristic neuroimaging cerebral white matter abnormalities in a case of epilepsy. SUBJECT AND METHODS: A 19-year-old male presented with an 11-year history consisting of school failures, intellectual deterioration and generalized tonic-clonic convulsions. RESULTS: Neurological examination showed mental subnormality, mild dysarthria and bilateral pyramidal signs. Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain showed characteristic white matter lesions, suggestive of L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria. The diagnosis of this disease was confirmed by elevated urinary concentrations of L-2-hydroxyglutaric acid. The epilepsy was partially controlled with antiepileptic drugs. CONCLUSION: This report indicates the importance of routine examination of urinary organic acids in children and young adults presenting with chronic encephalopathy and epilepsy with characteristic MRI white matter lesions. L-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria should be considered as one of the differential diagnoses of epilepsy.
