Representación del concepto de prevención-salud, integrado al servicio comunitario / Representation of the prevention-health concept, integrated to the community service

Existen causas muy claras por lo que la odontología ha ido redefiniendo sus objetivos en relación a la formación de recursos humanos, los cuales deben ser capaces de desarrollar acciones necesarias para prevenir y promover la salud bucodental. La comunidad tiene necesidades de salud y es función del profesional responder a esas demandas. La construcción de un perfil profesional diferente le ayudará a tomar contacto con la realidad cada vez más cambiante. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el desempeño de los recursos humanos formados en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata para acciones comunitarias. Esta investigación consistió en un estudio de tipo descriptivo, el universo a estudiar lo constituyeron los egresados de la Facultad, pertenecientes a los planes 1990 y 1994, la recopilación de documentación se obtuvo mediante una encuesta estructurada y entrevistas presonales. De un total de 941 egresados se obtuvo información de 519 (55,10 por ciento) de los cuales 454 (87,48 por ciento) corresponden al plan 19990 y 65 (12,57 por ciento) al plan 1994. Las encuestas brindaron elementos para determinar conclusiones parciales, siendo las mismas favorables en cuanto a la formación preventiva con respecto a la toma de decisiones en los procesos sociales hacia los egresados formados en la Reforma Curricular de 1994

Representación del concepto de prevención-salud, integrado al servicio comunitario / Representation of the prevention-health concept, integrated to the community service

Existen causas muy claras por lo que la odontología ha ido redefiniendo sus objetivos en relación a la formación de recursos humanos, los cuales deben ser capaces de desarrollar acciones necesarias para prevenir y promover la salud bucodental. La comunidad tiene necesidades de salud y es función del profesional responder a esas demandas. La construcción de un perfil profesional diferente le ayudará a tomar contacto con la realidad cada vez más cambiante. El objetivo de esta investigación es evaluar el desempeño de los recursos humanos formados en la Facultad de Odontología de la Universidad Nacional de La Plata para acciones comunitarias. Esta investigación consistió en un estudio de tipo descriptivo, el universo a estudiar lo constituyeron los egresados de la Facultad, pertenecientes a los planes 1990 y 1994, la recopilación de documentación se obtuvo mediante una encuesta estructurada y entrevistas presonales. De un total de 941 egresados se obtuvo información de 519 (55,10 por ciento) de los cuales 454 (87,48 por ciento) corresponden al plan 19990 y 65 (12,57 por ciento) al plan 1994. Las encuestas brindaron elementos para determinar conclusiones parciales, siendo las mismas favorables en cuanto a la formación preventiva con respecto a la toma de decisiones en los procesos sociales hacia los egresados formados en la Reforma Curricular de 1994 (AU)

Evidence for a nonallelic heterogeneity of epidermodysplasia verruciformis with two susceptibility loci mapped to chromosome regions 2p21-p24 and 17q25.

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis is a rare genodermatosis associated with a high risk of skin cancer. This condition is characterized by an abnormal susceptibility to specific related human papillomavirus genotypes, including the oncogenic HPV5. Epidermodysplasia verruciformis is usually considered as an autosomal recessive disease. We recently mapped a susceptibility locus for epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV1) to chromosome 17qter within the 1 cM interval between markers D17S939 and D17S802. We report here the genotyping for 10 microsatellite markers spanning 29 cM around EV1 in two consanguineous epidermodysplasia verruciformis families from Colombia (C2) and France (F1) comprising five patients and two patients, respectively. Using homozygosity mapping, linkage with 17qter markers was observed for family C2 only. Multipoint linkage analysis yielded maximum multipoint LOD-score values above 10 between markers D17S1839 and D17S802 encompassing the EV1 locus. A genome-wide search performed in family F1 yielded evidence for linkage between epidermodysplasia verruciformis and the chromosomal 2p marker D2S365. Nine additional microsatellite markers spanning 15 cM in this region were analyzed. Assuming an autosomal recessive inheritance with a complete penetrance, the expected maximum two-point LOD-score value of 1.8 was obtained for three markers and multipoint linkage analysis yielded a maximum LOD-score value of 3. 51 between markers D2S2144 and D2S392. Haplotype analysis allowed to map a candidate region for a second epidermodysplasia verruciformis susceptibility locus (EV2) within the 8 cM interval between markers D2S171 and D2S2347 of the 2p21-p24 region. In contrast, linkage with 2p markers was excluded for family C2 and for the three families in which we mapped EV1 previously. The disclosure of two susceptibility loci for epidermodysplasia verruciformis provides evidence for a nonallelic heterogeneity in this disease.

A susceptibility locus for epidermodysplasia verruciformis, an abnormal predisposition to infection with the oncogenic human papillomavirus type 5, maps to chromosome 17qter in a region containing a psoriasis locus.

Epidermodysplasia verruciformis (EV) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by an abnormal susceptibility to infection with a specific group of related human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes, including the oncogenic HPV5 associated with the skin carcinomas developing in about half of EV patients. EV is usually considered as an autosomal recessive condition. Taking EV as a model to identify a locus underlying the susceptibility to HPV infections, we performed a genome-wide search for linkage with 255 microsatellite genetic markers in three consanguineous EV families comprising six patients, using the homozygosity mapping approach. Homozygosity restricted to affected individuals was observed for a marker of chromosome 17q (D17S784) in two families and a marker about 17 centiMorgan (cM) distal (D17S1807) in the third family. Ten additional microsatellite markers spanning 29 cM in this region were analyzed. Two-point lod score values greater than 3 were obtained for four markers and multipoint linkage analysis yielded a maximum lod score of 10.17 between markers D17S939 and D17S802. Recombination events observed in two families allowed a candidate region for the EV susceptibility locus to be mapped to the 1 cM region defined by these two markers. The EV locus (named EV1) is included in the 17qter region recently found to contain a dominant locus for the susceptibility to familial psoriasis. It has been shown that patients suffering from psoriasis are likely to constitute the reservoir of HPV5. It is thus tempting to speculate that distinct defects affecting the same gene may be involved in the two skin conditions.

Variability and phylogeny of the L1 capsid protein gene of human papillomavirus type 5: contribution of clusters of nonsynonymous mutations and of a 30-nucleotide duplication.

We analyzed the variability and established the phylogeny of the L1 capsid protein gene of 33 isolates of human papillomavirus type 5 (HPV5) obtained from epidermodysplasia verruciformis patients from different continents. By comparing the sequences of a 419-bp fragment with those published for two Japanese isolates, we found 12.9% variable nucleotide positions, defining 25 variants with mutation rates ranging from 0.2 to 8.8%. Such a high intratypic diversity is unusual among HPVs. Nine of the 139 encoded amino acids were variable and 12 protein variants were identified. Fifteen of the 16 substitutions observed were clustered in two short regions. A 9-amino-acid insert, already reported for the Japanese HPV5b isolate, was found within one of the regions in five isolates. Our data support that the insert arose from the duplication of a 30-nucleotide sequence. Phylogenetic trees distributed the DNA variants into three subtypes (a to c) with a divergence higher than 4.5% and allowed the recognition of European and African lineages. By contrast with the trees based on the HPV5 E6 gene, HPV5a DNA variants and the HPV5b variants lacking the insert constituted a single group in the L1 amino acid tree, probably reflecting different levels of structural constraints for the HPV5 L1 and E6 proteins. In that respect, the short variable L1 sequences should represent less constrained regions.

Genetic heterogeneity of oncogenic human papillomavirus type 5 (HPV5) and phylogeny of HPV5 variants associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

Variants of oncogenic human papillomavirus type 5 (HPV5), specifically associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis, were recognized on the basis of the genetic heterogeneity of the E6 open reading frame (ORF). To further evaluate the genetic heterogeneity of HPV5, we sequenced the long control region (LCR), the E7 ORF, and the terminal parts of the E2 ORF of five previously characterized HPV5 variants and compared the data with the published HPV5a1 and HPV5b sequences. Alignment of the variants showed 140 (7.6%) variable nucleotides of 1,854 sequenced. Nucleotide substitution rates varied from 3.6% in the E7 ORF to 11% in the E6 ORF. By sequencing the variable region encompassing the LCR 3' part and the E6 ORF of isolates from six additional epidermodysplasia verruciformis patients, we identified three new variants and three already known variants, indicating the stability of HPV5 variants. This stability was further demonstrated by the identity of isolates obtained years later from benign and malignant lesions of three patients. Phylogenetic analysis of the 10 HPV5 variants distributed them into three groups, tentatively defining subtypes a, b, and c. The phylogenetic grouping shows no geographical dependence, a fact that may be related to the host restriction that characterizes HPV5 infections. No differences in the enhancer potential of the LCR or in the transactivating properties of the E2 protein assayed in vitro were observed among HPV5 variants. Whether HPV5 variants possess distinct biological properties in vivo remains to be determined.

Molecular cloning and characterization of the genomes of nine newly recognized human papillomavirus types associated with epidermodysplasia verruciformis.

The genomes of 11 human papillomaviruses (HPVs) found in benign lesions of eight patients suffering from epidermodysplasia verruciformis were cloned in Escherichia coli after insertion into plasmid pBR322. The study of the sensitivity of the cloned HPV DNAs to 14 restriction endonucleases permitted the construction of physical maps. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments, performed under stringent conditions, showed that these viruses represent nine new types, HPVs 14 (with subtypes a and b), 15, 17 (with subtypes a and b), 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24. These HPVs were divided into three groups based on an absent or very weak cross-hybridization among the genomes of the viruses belonging to different groups.

Epidermodisplasia verruciforme. Un modelo para la investigacion del cancer viral humano. / Epidermodysplasia verruciformis. A model for the research of human viral cancer

Se presentan y comentan los datos clinicos, histopatologicos y ultraestructurales de 11 casos de epidermodisplasia verruciforme de Lewandowsky y Lutz. Con estes datos y los obtenidos de la literatura se concluye que existe en estos pacientes una susceptibilidad transmitida en forma autosomica recesiva hacia el virus HPV-5. Las caracteristicas mencionadas permiten diferenciar a las lesiones de la E.V. de otro tipo de verrugas. La malignizacion de estas lesiones, tanto de las eritematoescamosas como de las verrugosas, siempre ocurre

[Relapsing childhood digital fibromatosis. Study of a case with electron and light microscopy and review of the literature]. / Fibromatosis digital infantil recidivante. Estudio de un caso con microscopio de luz y electrónico y revisión de la leteratura

The first Latin-American case of a relapsing digital fibromatosis in a 6 months old child is presented by the authors. With the H.E. staining cytoplasmatic inclusions were found in the fibroblasts. For the first time the presence of cellular synctitiums in the entity is described. Many of these synctitiums contain inclusion bodies. This inclusion observed with electron microscope was constituted by a considerable amount of filaments condensing in the center and the well developed stages occupying most of the cyloplasm. No viral particles were found. The accumulation of filaments in the fibroblast causes a degenerative final stage of the cells. The possibility whether this inclusion represents an accumulation of the synthetised fibers by the fibroblast or a conglomerate is not determined by this study. An extensive review of the literature on this subject is made by the authors.