Radiomics in nasopharyngeal carcinoma: current progress and challenges / 中华核医学与分子影像杂志

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck. In clinical practice, imaging examination plays an important role in the diagnosis, staging and risk assessment of NPC. However, it is difficult to distinguish the heterogeneity within the tumor, so the ability to classify and predict NPC is limited. Radiomics can extract a large amount of data from medical images for quantitative analysis, which further improves the ability of imaging features to diagnose and predict tumors. The purpose of this review is to introduce the application value of radiomics of different imaging modality such as CT, MRI and PET in differential diagnosis, predictions of treatment response, prognosis and radiotherapy complications of NPC.

Epidemiological features of adult chronic kidney diseases in a community-based population in Songjiang district, Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in adult residents living in a community of Songjiang district,Shanghai.Methods A total of 9 257 residents aged 20-75 years old in Xinqiao township of Songjiang district were selected by random cluster sampling.All the participants were interviewed to complete a set of personal questionnaire and undergo physical examinations.Urine and blood tests including markers of kidney damage and related associated factors with CKD,were carried out.Results Eligible data from 8 207 subjects were enrolled in the study.After adjustment for age and gender,the prevalence of CKD was 8.4％ (95％CI:7.8％-9.0％),with majority of the patients (76.5％) appeared in the early stage (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) of the disease.The prevalence of CKD increased with age and higher prevalence was seen in females than in males (P＜0.001).Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as:being elderly or female,having hypertension,hyperuricemia,and hyperlipidemia were all independently associated with CKD.Conclusions The prevalence of CKD appeared relatively high in adult residents of Xinqiao township,Songjiang district where CKD had become a public health problem.Factors as:being female or elderly,hypertension,hyperuricemia,and hyperlipidemia were found to be associated with CKD.Our findings suggested that early prevention and control on CKD to reduce the incidence of end-stage renal diseases and related complications had called for more urgent attention.

Epidemiological features of adult chronic kidney diseases in a community-based population in Songjiang district, Shanghai / 中华流行病学杂志

Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of chronic kidney diseases (CKD) in adult residents living in a community of Songjiang district,Shanghai.Methods A total of 9 257 residents aged 20-75 years old in Xinqiao township of Songjiang district were selected by random cluster sampling.All the participants were interviewed to complete a set of personal questionnaire and undergo physical examinations.Urine and blood tests including markers of kidney damage and related associated factors with CKD,were carried out.Results Eligible data from 8 207 subjects were enrolled in the study.After adjustment for age and gender,the prevalence of CKD was 8.4％ (95％CI:7.8％-9.0％),with majority of the patients (76.5％) appeared in the early stage (Ⅰ and Ⅱ) of the disease.The prevalence of CKD increased with age and higher prevalence was seen in females than in males (P＜0.001).Results from logistic regression analysis showed that factors as:being elderly or female,having hypertension,hyperuricemia,and hyperlipidemia were all independently associated with CKD.Conclusions The prevalence of CKD appeared relatively high in adult residents of Xinqiao township,Songjiang district where CKD had become a public health problem.Factors as:being female or elderly,hypertension,hyperuricemia,and hyperlipidemia were found to be associated with CKD.Our findings suggested that early prevention and control on CKD to reduce the incidence of end-stage renal diseases and related complications had called for more urgent attention.

Effect of raddeanin A on autophagy and apoptosis of colon cancer HCT116 cells through regulating mTOR pathways / 重庆医学

Objective To explore raddeanin A(RA) inhibiting the proliferation of HCT116 cells and its related mechanism.Methods The MTT method was used to observe the RA inhibition on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells HCT116.Flow cytometry was used to detect the RA effects on cell apoptosis.Transmission electron microscope(TEM) was used to observe RA induced autophagy.Western blot was used to test expression of apoptosis and autophagy related proteins.Results RA could significantly inhibit the proliferation of HCT16 cells with concentration and time dependence;double layer membrane of autophagosome was detected by TEM;FCM showed that RA induced apoptosis in HCT116 cells,moreover the apoptosis rate was increased with the concentration increase;Western blot showed that the expression of autophagy related proteins(Beclin1 and LC3) was increased,the expression of apoptosis inhibition protein Bcl-2 was decreased.On the contrary,the expression of apoptosis promotion proteins(Bax,Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-PARP) was increased,the expression of mTOR protein in the mTOR signal pathway was increased,while the p-mTOR protein expression was decreased.When the mTOR pathway inhibitor rapamycin(RAPA) was added to cells,Beclin-1,LC3,Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-PARP proteins were increased,and apoptosis rate was also increased.Conclusion RA can inhibit the proliferation of HCT116 cells and can induce cellular autophagy and apoptosis,its mechanism may be realized by regulating the mTOR signal pathway.

Expression of Ku70 protein in patients with advanced cervical cancer before and after radiotherapy and its clinical significance / 肿瘤研究与临床

Objective To investigate expression change of Ku70 protein before and after radiotherapy in patients with cervical cancer, as well as its relationship with clinical characteristics. Methods Seventy cervical cancer patients who received three dimensional conformal radiotherapy combined with chemotherapy were registered. Specimens tissues were obtained from cervical tumors of irradiation dose of ≤10 Gy and ≥20 Gy group. Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression of Ku70 in 70 cases, and its relative expression was analyzed by image software. Results The relative expression levels of Ku70 in cervical cancer patients treated with radiation doses of ≥20 Gy group (1.31 ± 0.83) and ≤10 Gy group (0.71 ± 0.60) were significantly higher than that before radiotherapy (0.50 ± 0.19), and there was a significant difference (t=7.143, P 0.05). The expression of Ku70 in radiotherapy resistant group was significantly higher than that in radiotherapy sensitive group (0.55 ± 0.24 vs. 0.25 ± 0.17, t= 2.979, P< 0.01). Conclusions The expression of Ku70 protein in cervical cancer tissues is increased with the rise of radiotherapy dose. The expression of Ku70 in radiotherapy resistant group is significantly higher than that in radiotherapy sensitive group, indicating that Ku70 protein is correlated with the radiosensitivity, clinical stage, differential degree and tumor diameter.

Clinical significance of serum anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α expression in patients with rheumatoid arthritis / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the value of serum anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α in the diagnosis and therapeutic effect evaluation of rheumatoid arthritis(RA).Methods One hundred and sixty-eight RA patients in our hospital from January 2012 to December 2015 were selected and included 86 cases of active stage(active group)and 80 cases of remission stage(remission group).Other 80 outpatient healthy controls served as the control group.The levels of RF,anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α in the active group,remission group and control group were measured by using the immunoadsorption and ELISA.Then the detection results were analyzed.Results The serum anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α levels in the active group and remission group were higher than those in the control group,moreover the serum anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α levels in the active group were significantly higher than those in the remission group,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).Comparing the RA patients with the control group,the sensitivity and specificity of combined detection of anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α was 73.8％ and 97.5％,which were higher than those of other 2-index combined detection,the difference was statistically significant(P＜0.05).The serum TNF-α level was positively correlated with the DAS28 score(P＜0.01).Conclusion The combined detection of serum anti-CCP antibody and TNF-α has an important clinical value for the RA diagnosis and disease condition monitoring.

Effects on apoptosis and cell cycle of RA in HT29 cells / 实用医学杂志

Objective To investigate the effects of Raddeanin A(RA)on apoptosis and cell cycle of hu-man colon cancer HT29 cells,and discuss the possible mechanism.Methods Different concentration of RA 1,2, 4,8,16μmol/L disposed HT29 cells 12,24,48 hour,3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bro-mide(MTT)assay was used for the cell proliferation;Hoechst33258 staining was performed to observe the effects of RA on apoptosis morphology;Flow cytometry(FCM)was devoted to calculate apoptosis rate and detect cell cycle;The expression of Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-PARP,CyclinB,CDK1 proteins and other proteins were tested by Western blot(WB). Results RA could inhibit the proliferation of HT29 cells,and associated with concentration and time(P<0.05);The IC50of 12 h,24 h,48 h were(9.31 ± 0.63)μmol/L,(4.88 ± 1.02)mol/L,(3.60 ± 0.89) μmol/L.The nucleus pycnosis,fracture were detected by Hochest33258 staining,RA induced apoptosis in HT29 cells;Western blot(WB)assay showed that the expression of Cleaved-caspase-3,Cleaved-PARP rised.HT29 cells were arrested at the period of G2/M,and the CyclinB,CDK1 proteins down-regulated.WB result showed that PI3K, AKT proteins up-regulated,while p-PI3K,p-AKT protein down-regulated.Conclusion RA can inhibit the prolifer-ation of colon cancer HT29 cells and its mechanism is probably by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathways which through inducing apoptosis and blocking the cell cycle.

Spatial Pyramid Covariance-Based Compact Video Code for Robust Face Retrieval in TV-Series.

We address the problem of face video retrieval in TV-series, which searches video clips based on the presence of specific character, given one face track of his/her. This is tremendously challenging because on one hand, faces in TV-series are captured in largely uncontrolled conditions with complex appearance variations, and on the other hand, retrieval task typically needs efficient representation with low time and space complexity. To handle this problem, we propose a compact and discriminative representation for the huge body of video data, named compact video code (CVC). Our method first models the face track by its sample (i.e., frame) covariance matrix to capture the video data variations in a statistical manner. To incorporate discriminative information and obtain more compact video signature suitable for retrieval, the high-dimensional covariance representation is further encoded as a much lower dimensional binary vector, which finally yields the proposed CVC. Specifically, each bit of the code, i.e., each dimension of the binary vector, is produced via supervised learning in a max margin framework, which aims to make a balance between the discriminability and stability of the code. Besides, we further extend the descriptive granularity of covariance matrix from traditional pixel-level to more general patch-level, and proceed to propose a novel hierarchical video representation named spatial pyramid covariance along with a fast calculation method. Face retrieval experiments on two challenging TV-series video databases, i.e., the Big Bang Theory and Prison Break, demonstrate the competitiveness of the proposed CVC over the state-of-the-art retrieval methods. In addition, as a general video matching algorithm, CVC is also evaluated in traditional video face recognition task on a standard Internet database, i.e., YouTube Celebrities, showing its quite promising performance by using an extremely compact code with only 128 bits.

Deep and Structured Robust Information Theoretic Learning for Image Analysis.

This paper presents a robust information theoretic (RIT) model to reduce the uncertainties, i.e., missing and noisy labels, in general discriminative data representation tasks. The fundamental pursuit of our model is to simultaneously learn a transformation function and a discriminative classifier that maximize the mutual information of data and their labels in the latent space. In this general paradigm, we, respectively, discuss three types of the RIT implementations with linear subspace embedding, deep transformation, and structured sparse learning. In practice, the RIT and deep RIT are exploited to solve the image categorization task whose performances will be verified on various benchmark data sets. The structured sparse RIT is further applied to a medical image analysis task for brain magnetic resonance image segmentation that allows group-level feature selections on the brain tissues.

Learning Expressionlets via Universal Manifold Model for Dynamic Facial Expression Recognition.

Facial expression is a temporally dynamic event which can be decomposed into a set of muscle motions occurring in different facial regions over various time intervals. For dynamic expression recognition, two key issues, temporal alignment and semantics-aware dynamic representation, must be taken into account. In this paper, we attempt to solve both problems via manifold modeling of videos based on a novel mid-level representation, i.e., expressionlet. Specifically, our method contains three key stages: 1) each expression video clip is characterized as a spatial-temporal manifold (STM) formed by dense low-level features; 2) a universal manifold model (UMM) is learned over all low-level features and represented as a set of local modes to statistically unify all the STMs; and 3) the local modes on each STM can be instantiated by fitting to the UMM, and the corresponding expressionlet is constructed by modeling the variations in each local mode. With the above strategy, expression videos are naturally aligned both spatially and temporally. To enhance the discriminative power, the expressionlet-based STM representation is further processed with discriminant embedding. Our method is evaluated on four public expression databases, CK+, MMI, Oulu-CASIA, and FERA. In all cases, our method outperforms the known state of the art by a large margin.

Effect of different medical nutrition therapy on blood glucose fluctuation in elderly type 2 diabetes mellitus patients / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate the effects of different medical nutrition therapy on blood glucose variability in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes .Methods Eighty‐five patients with type 2 diabetes were randomly divided into three groups ,29 cases in the control group ,27 cases in the low GI diet group ,29 cases in water‐soluble dietary fiber group .Each patient was established a individuality diabetic diet recipe according to the guidelines of medical nutrition therapy ,combined with oral hypoglycemic agents , The breakfast and dinner for patients in low GI diet group were completely instead of low GI diet ,while the breakfast and dinner for patients in water‐soluble dietary fiber group were added 10 g dietary fiber .Blood glucose ,blood lipid ,renal function and blood glu‐cose fluctuation were observed before and after one‐month intervention .Results Compared with before intervention ,the concentra‐tion of blood glucose after the intervention in each group were decreased (P < 0 .05) ,the glucose fluctuation index in low GI diet group and water soluble dietary fiber group decreased obviously after the intervention (P< 0 .05) .After the intervention ,average fasting blood glucose ,postprandial glucose average ,and mean blood glucose in low GI diet group were significantly lower than those in control group (P< 0 .05) ,Meanwhile ,the blood sugar standard deviation and MAGE in low GI dietary intervention group and in water‐soluble dietary fiber group were significantly lower than that of control group (P< 0 .05) .Conclusion On the basis of the di‐abetes diet recipes and oral drug treatment giving low GI dietary replacement therapy or adding water soluble dietary fiber ,for eld‐erly patients with type 2 diabetes ,could effectively control the blood glucose level ,and significantly reduce glucose variability .

Review on Study of Anti-tumor of Raddeanin A / 浙江中医药大学学报

[Objective]To review the antitumor progress of Raddeanin A in nearly 10 years. [Method] Col ecting the antitumor research literature about Raddeanin A for nearly 10 years, describing its antitumor research mechanism, such as inducting of cellapoptosis blocking the cellcycle, blocking STATs signaling pathways and inhibiting the tumor angiogenesis. [Result] Raddeanin A could induce the H460 cellapoptosis, block LoVo cellcycle and STATs signaling pathways of LoVo cells, and inhibit HepG-2 cellangiogenesis. [Conclusion] The antitumor mechanism of Raddeanin A could be inducting of cellapoptosis, blocking the cellcycle, blocking STATs signaling pathways and inhibiting the tumor angiogenesis.

A study of early detection for 8 communicable diseases by control graph method in Songjiang district of Shanghai, China / 中华预防医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To select the premium alert threshold for major communicable disease by using the control graph alert technique based on the local disease information.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>8 major communicable diseases in Songjiang district were ascertained by analysis of the national early warning detection information system which include the other diarrhea, mumps, chickenpox, scarlet fever, rubella, hand foot mouth disease, influenza and dysentery; weekly reported cases from 2008 to 2011 were used to establish the early detection model (PERCENTILE (array, x), array (4×5), x = 0.05, 0.10…0.95) by moving percentile method, next applying the established early detection model and the golden standard (AKX(-)D ± 2s) to predict the expected weekly cases in 2012 respectively, and then ascertain the predict results by comparison with the actual weekly cases in 2012 respectively, finally the premium threshold was selected by comparison of the model predicted results with the golden standard predicted results after comprehensive consideration of the sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value and receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The premium alert threshold for mumps, other diarrhea and rubella was P90, dysentery was P75, scarlet fever and chickenpox was P80, and the premium threshold for hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD) and influenza was P95, the sensitivity of 8 major communicable diseases were 100%, 100%, 86%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 94%, 100%, respectively; the specificities were 92%, 73%, 72%, 77%, 73%, 92%, 66%, 80%, respectively; the positive predictive values were 43%, 40%, 32%, 8%, 24%, 20%, 59%, 47%, respectively; and the negative predictive values were 100%, 100%, 97%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 96%, 100%, respectively. The national recommended alert thresholds for the 8 major communicable diseases were P80, except for chickenpox (P50) and HFMD (CUSUM).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>6 out of 8 major communicable diseases' early detection thresholds in Songjiang district should be adjusted according to the analysis results. Premium alert threshold selection need to consider the local disease report and the characteristics of infectious diseases to upgrade the early detection capability.</p>

Research on 4 116 TCM Prescriptions in Treatment of Gastric Cancer with Method of Scale-free Networks / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

In this study , 4116 traditional Chinese medicine ( TCM ) prescriptions of 994 outpatients of gastric cancer from the Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine were analyzed with the use of Clinical Research Information Sharing System and the data mining method of scale-free networks . The core drugs and compatibility were visually displayed on diagrams which revealed the characteristics of gastric cancer treatment with TCM prescriptions in this hospital with high credibility . This method has certain meaning and value for the study of TCM prescriptions .

Discussion on Cell Apoptosis and Its Related Molecular Mechanisms of Human Gastric Carcinoma Cell Line BGC-823 Induced by Cinnamaldehyde / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This article was aimed to investigate the cell proliferation , cell apoptosis and its related molecular mechanisms of the human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 in v itro after treatment with cinnamaldehyde . The MTT Assay demonstrated the inhibitory effect of cinnamaldehyde . And the Flow Cytometry was used to determine its induction of cell apoptosis. The Hoechst 33342 was used to observe morphological changes during apoptosis . Moreover , quantitative real time PCR and western blot analysis were used to detect the effect of cinnamaldehyde on human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 . The results showed that compared with the control group , cinnamaldehyde had inhibitory effect on human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 ( P <0 . 01 ) . It showed that cinnamaldehyde induced apoptosis through the downregulation of Bcl-2 , Bcl-xL and Survivin expression , upregulation of Bax and Bak expression , downregulation of Bcl-2 and Procaspase-3 , and upregulation of BAX . It was concluded that cinnamaldehyde had inhibitory effect on the proliferation of human gastric carcinoma cell line BGC-823 and induced apoptosis . It may be related to the activation of the endogenous apoptosis pathway .

Clinical Practices on Theory of Spleen-deficiency and Toxin-accumulation in Gastric Cancer by Professor Liu Shenlin / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

Professor Liu Shenlin is one of the famous traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) oncologists. Through his own experience in clinical practice , Prof . Liu has put forward the theory that the onset of gastric cancer is based on spleen deficiency , and presented with cancerous toxin , namely the theory of spleen-deficiency and toxin-accumulation. In addition , he had conducted clinical as well as basic research on this theory , which had received great progress. This article was aimed to conclude and explore the theory postulated by Prof. Liu in order to improve the clinical effects of TCM treatment in gastric cancer .

Effect of Intensive Pedaling Training on Lower Limbs Recovery from Hemiplegia / 中国康复理论与实践

@#Objective To explore the effect of intensive pedaling training on lower limbs recovery from hemiplegia. Methods 60 hemiplegics after stroke were divided into treatment group (n=30) and control group (n=30). Both groups accepted routine rehabilitation, including physiotherapy, occupational therapy, acupuncture and electrical stimulation, while the treatment group accepted intensive pedaling training in addition. They were evaluated with Berg Balance Scale (BBS), Fugl-Meyer Assessment of lower limb (FMA-L), modified Barthel index (MBI), Functional Ambulation Category (FAC), modified Ashworth scale (MAS) before and after 8 weeks of treatment. Results The scores of BBS, FMA-L, MBI, FAC, and MAS improved in both groups after treatment (P<0.01), and improved more in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Intensive pedaling training can further improve the lower limbs function of stroke patients with hemiplegia

Comparison of Yangxue Qingnao Granule and Xueshuantong Capsule in adjusting abnormal coagulation system caused by migraine / 国际中医中药杂志

Objective To compare the effects of Yangxue Qingnao Granule and Xueshuantong Capsule on abnormal coagulation system in migraine patients. Methods All patients were divided into group A and group B according to sex. Each group contained 60 patients. Yangxue Qingnao Granule and Xueshuantong Capsule was administrated in group A and group B respectively. The adjusting functions of abnormal coagulation system of migraine patients in the two groups were compared.Results Xueshuantong Capsule was better than Yangxue Qinguao Granule in adjusting blood coagulation system (P< 0.05). Conclusion The clinical usage of Xueshuantong capsule has better effect than Yangxue Qingnao Granule on regulating abnormal blood coagulation system.

Aortic arch atheroma and stroke / 国际脑血管病杂志

Aortic arch atheroma is one of the causes of embolic stroke. With the deepening of research on aortic arch atheroma, its relationship with stroke is more and more clear, particularly the aortic arch plaque thickness ≥4 mm, is associated with cryptogenic stroke, stroke recurrence, and other vascular events. Although aortic arch atheroma and clinical features of stroke have been further understood, there are still many doubts.