RESUMO
Objetivo. Evaluar prevalencias de consumo de tabaco, dependencia de la nicotina, etapa de cambio y otros factores relacionados con el tabaquismo en estudiantes de enfermería de Palencia. Métodos. Estudio observacional, transversal y descriptivo, mediante cuestionario autoadministrado contestado voluntariamente por asistentes a una asignatura básica. Se calcularon intervalos de confianza al 95%, se utilizó χ² para comparación de proporciones, con corrección de Yates si los casos esperados fueron menos de 5. Resultados. Muestra de 81 sujetos (80,2% mujeres), edad media, 21,9 años. El 21% fueron fumadores diarios. El 83,3% de los fumadores presentaba dependencia baja de la nicotina y el 16,7% estaba en fase de preparación. Un 70,4% de estudiantes tenía una alta percepción del riesgo asociada a fumar, un 48,1% ignoraba que el tabaquismo incrementa la probabilidad de consumir alcohol/otras drogas y un 34,6% convivía con padres fumadores. No se encontraron diferencias significativas en prevalencias de consumo por sexo, ni en los factores relacionados por sexo, por ser o no fumador, ni por relacionarse mayoritariamente con fumadores. Conclusiones. La prevalencia de fumadores obtenida es inferior a la de otros alumnos de enfermería españoles del mismo curso o de similar edad. Los datos son alentadores, pero es preciso incorporar acciones de prevención entre los estudiantes para reducir más la prevalencia de fumadores (AU)
Objective. To evaluate prevalence of tobacco use, nicotine dependence, stage of change and other smoking- related factors, among university nursing students in Palencia. Methods. Observational, descriptive and analytic cross-sectional study through voluntary self-administered questionnaire to all those attending a basic subject the degree. Confidence intervals were calculated at 95% and generally, chi square was used to compare the proportions and chi square with Yates correction when the expected number of cases was less than five. Results. The sample: 81 students (80.2% females), mean age was 21.9 years. 21% was daily smokers. Low nicotine dependence was present in 83.3% of smokers, and 16.7% were in preparation of cessation phase. An overall 70.4% student had a high perception of risk associated with smoking, 48.1% did not know that smoking increases the likelihood of to use alcohol and other drugs and 34.6% lived with smoking parents. There were no statistically significant differences: in prevalence of smokers by sex, and in factors related to smoking between smokers and non-smokers. Neither significant difference were found in factors related to tobacco use, between students who usually were related with smokers and students who were not related. Conclusions. The prevalence of smokers in our study is lower than in other Spanish nursing students of similar courses or ages. Despite these encouraging data, it should be necessary to incorporate specific actions to prevent tobacco consumption in graduate studies, to further reduce the prevalence of smoking among university population (AU)
