Correction to: Chronic Granulomatous Disease in a Brazilian Patient Mimetizing Sarcoidosis.

The original version of abstract PO-162 "Chronic Granulomatous Disease in a Brazilian Patient Mimetizing Sarcoidosis" incorrectly listed the name of the second author as Micheli Barsioti. The correct spelling of the author's name is Michele Baziotti Man.

Respiratory infection, exposure to mouse allergen and breastfeeding: role in recurrent wheezing in early life.

BACKGROUND: Environmental factors may influence the development of allergen sensitization and asthma. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of endotoxin and allergen exposure in early life as a risk factor for recurrent wheezing. METHODS: One hundred and four infants from low-income families, at high risk of asthma, were enrolled at birth. Dust samples were collected from the bedding and bedroom floor within 6 months after birth. Recurrent wheezing was defined as 3 or more wheezing episodes in the past year. Endotoxin was determined by Limulus amebocyte lysate assay, and major indoor allergens were quantitated by ELISA in dust extracts. IgE antibodies were measured by ImmunoCAP at 30 months of age. RESULTS: At 30 months, 51 of the 99 infants who completed the study (51.5%) had recurrent wheezing. Respiratory infection was strongly associated with recurrent wheezing (OR 6.67, 95% CI 1.96-22.72), whereas exclusive breastfeeding for at least 1 month was a protective factor (OR 0.09, 95% CI 0.01-0.51). Exposure to high levels of mouse allergen was more frequent among non-recurrent wheezers, approaching significance (OR 0.12, 95% CI 0.01-1.13; p = 0.064). None of the children were sensitized to mouse. Sensitization to mite was found in 26/90 (28.8%) children, with no association with recurrent wheezing. CONCLUSION: Respiratory infection was strongly associated with recurrent wheezing in the first 30 months of life, in children at high risk of asthma, living in a socially deprived community in Brazil.

Função pulmonar de pacientes com hipogamaglobulinemia / Pulmonary function of patients with hypogammaglobulinemia

Objetivo: Avaliar a função pulmonar de pacientes com hipogamaglobulinemia (HG) primária. Pacientes e método: Participaram deste estudo 24 pacientes com HG acompanhados em ambulatório especializado durante o período de janeiro a dezembro de 2005. Foram incluidos pacientes em reposição regular de gamaglobulina intravenosa (IGIV) e maiores de seis anos de idade. As provas de função pulmonar (FP) foram realizadas pela manhã, conforme o padronizado. Resultados: A idade dos pacientes variou entre 7 e 42 anos (média 18,6 anos) e houve retardo médio no diagnóstico definitivo de HG de 6,8 anos (0,5 a 7,5 anos). Imunodeficiência Comum Variável e Agamaglobulinemia ligada ao X foram as doenças mais comuns. As infecções do trato respiratório foram as mais prevalentes antes e após início da reposição de IGIV. Tosse persistente foi o sintoma respiratório crônico mais relatado no último ano (n=17). Todos os pacientes realizaram provas de FP aceitáveis e 13 (54

Exposição a alérgenos e a endotoxina, sensibilização e expressão clínica da doença alérgica: Estudo de coorte / Exposition to allergens, endotoxin, sensitization and clinical expression of allergic disease: a cohort

Objetivo: Verificar se exposição precoce a alérgenos e a endotoxinas e outros fatores influenciam no aparecimento de sibilos e sensibilização em crianças com elevado risco para asma. Métodos: 104 recém-nascidos com alto risco para manifestação de asma foram selecionados ao nascimento. Pais responderam questionários sobre condições respiratórias e de saúde das crianças aos 3, 6, 9, 12 e 15 meses. Definiu-se sibilos recorrentes como dois ou mais episódios de sibilos em seis meses. Foram coletadas amostras de poeira dos pisos e roupas de cama das residências, à seleção. Níveis de endotoxinas foram determinados pela análise de Limulus Amebocyte Lysate e os de alérgenos (ácaros, baratas, cão e gato) quantificados por ELISA. Testes cutâneos (TC) por puntura foram realizados em 90 crianças. Resultados: concentrações de endotoxinas na cama variaram de 1,6 a 2,955 unidades de endotoxina (EU) por mg de poeira (média geométrica [MG] 21,9 EU/mg). Níveis de Der p 1 variaram de inferior a 0,02 μg/g a 33,9μg/g de poeira (MG = 2,07μg/g ). Foram encontrados baixos níveis de Der f 1, Fel d 1, Can f 1 e Bla g 1 e de sensibilização no TC. Níveis elevados de exposição a ndotoxina na cama (>75 EU/mg), com OR (IC 95 por cento) = 0,20 (0,04-0,99); e Der p 1 na poeira dos pisos > 2μg/g de poeira, com OR (IC 95por cento) = 0,36 (0,15-0,87), correlacionaram com redução significante de sibilos recorrentes (p<0,04). Conclusão: níveis elevados de exposição a endotoxinas e a Der p 1 no início da vida podem proteger contra o desenvolvimento de sibilos recorrentes.

Daycare centers and schools as sources of exposure to mites, cockroach, and endotoxin in the city of São Paulo, Brazil.

BACKGROUND: Public places, including schools, have been identified as sources of exposure to allergens derived from mites, cockroach, cat, and dog and to endotoxin. OBJECTIVES: The purposes of this study were to assess and compare exposure to allergens and endotoxin in 4 types of public child-care facilities in Brazil and to investigate whether the presence of children and the performance of cleaning procedures could have an influence on allergen and endotoxin levels. METHODS: We have analyzed dust from bedding, floors, chairs, and tables of daycare centers (DCs), preschools, kindergartens, and elementary schools (ESs). Major allergens from mites, cockroach, cat, and dog were quantitated by means of ELISA, and endotoxin content was determined by using the Limulus Amebocyte Lysate assay. RESULTS: Group 1 mite allergens were greater than 2 microg/g in 67% of DC and preschool samples and in 8.9% and 2.2% of kindergarten and ES samples, respectively. The presence of bedding in DCs and preschools accounted for increased levels of mite allergens in these settings. Levels of Bla g 1 were higher in ES floors compared with those found in DC and preschool floors. Low levels (<1 microg/g) of Fel d 1 e Can f 1 were found in most samples. Levels of endotoxin in DCs and preschools were 3 times higher than in ESs. CONCLUSIONS: DCs and schools in Brazil should be considered as important sources of exposure to dust mites and cockroach allergens and to endotoxin. Recommendations for mite allergen avoidance should include appropriate care of bedding in DCs and preschools.