Parâmetros fisiológicos e desempenho para ovelhas Santa Inês e cordeiros ½ Dorper - Santa Inês nas estações verão e inverno

p>This study aimed to evaluate the physiological parameters and performance of sheep Santa Inês and Dorperlambs ½-SantaInes in summer and winter seasons. 160 Santa Inês sheep and 189 ½ Dorper lambs were used - Santa Inês completely randomized in two treatments, summer: 80 sheep and 92 lambs and winter: 80 sheep and 97 lambs.Was recorded environmental the environmental parameters of air temperature (Ta°C), relative humidity (% RH), wind speed (Vvms- 1) and black globe temperature (Tg°C) and physiological parameters of rectal temperature (Tr°C), respiratory rate (RR mov.min-1) and heart rate (HR beat.min - 1). The body condition of the ewes was measured at birth. In the final third of gestation there was a significant effect P 0.05) for TR, FR and HR on sheep, where in summer the values were 40.63°C, 102.58 (mov.min-1) and 128,34 (beat.min-1) with 46 ICT, and winter was 38.34°C , 35.71 (mov.min-1), 77.96 (beat.min-1) with ICT of 14. The values of TR, RR and HR at birth and weaning were also significant between the summer and winter seasons. Differences were observed (P 0.05) for TR, RR and HR of lambs at birth and weaning between summer and winter. The weight at birth (4.51 ± 2.86) and weaning (16.91 ± 3.91) were higher for those born in the summer. During the summer Santa Inês ewes were superior in body condition score, favoring births of heavier lambs and consequently higher weaning weight with higher rate of survival than those found in winter. /p>

p>Objetivou-se avaliar os parâmetros fisiológicos e o desempenho de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês e cordeiros ½ Dorper - Santa Inês nas estações verão e inverno. Foram utilizadas 160 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês e 189 cordeiros ½ Dorper - Santa Inês em delineamento inteiramente casualizado distribuídas em dois tratamentos, verão: 80 ovelhas e 92 cordeiros e no inverno: 80 ovelhas e 97 cordeiros. Registrou-se os parâmetros ambientais, temperatura do ar (Ta sup>o /sup>C), umidade relativa (UR%), velocidade do vento (Vv m.s sup>-1 /sup>) e temperatura do globo negro (Tg sup>o /sup>C) e parâmetros fisiológicos, temperatura retal (TR sup>o /sup>C), frequência respiratória (FR mov.min sup>-1 /sup>) e frequência cardíaca (FC bat.min sup>-1 /sup>). A condição corporal das ovelhas foi aferida ao parto. No terço final de gestação verificou-se efeito significativo (P 0,05) para TR, FR e FC nas ovelhas, em que no verão os valores foram, respectivamente, 40,63 sup>o /sup>C, 102,58 (mov.min sup>-1 /sup>) e 128,34 (bat.min sup>-1 /sup>) com ICT 46, e no inverno foi de 38,34 sup>o /sup>C, 35,71 (mov.min sup>-1 /sup>), 77,96( bat.min sup>-1 /sup>) com ICT de 14. Os valores de TR, FR e FC ao parto e ao desmame também foram significativas entre as estações verão e inverno. Foram verificadas diferenças (P 0,05) para a TR, FR e FC dos cordeiros ao nascimento e ao desmame entre o verão e inverno. O peso ao nascer (4,51±2,86) e ao desmame (16,91±3,91) foram superiores para os cordeiros nascidos no verão. Durante o verão, ovelhas da raça Santa Inês foram superiores em escore de condição corporal, favorecendo nascimentos de cordeiros mais pesados e consequentemente peso ao desmame superior, com taxa de sobrevivência acima da encontrada no inverno. /p>

Parâmetros fisiológicos e desempenho para ovelhas Santa Inês e cordeiros ½ Dorper - Santa Inês nas estações verão e inverno

p>This study aimed to evaluate the physiological parameters and performance of sheep Santa Inês and Dorperlambs ½-SantaInes in summer and winter seasons. 160 Santa Inês sheep and 189 ½ Dorper lambs were used - Santa Inês completely randomized in two treatments, summer: 80 sheep and 92 lambs and winter: 80 sheep and 97 lambs.Was recorded environmental the environmental parameters of air temperature (Ta°C), relative humidity (% RH), wind speed (Vvms- 1) and black globe temperature (Tg°C) and physiological parameters of rectal temperature (Tr°C), respiratory rate (RR mov.min-1) and heart rate (HR beat.min - 1). The body condition of the ewes was measured at birth. In the final third of gestation there was a significant effect P 0.05) for TR, FR and HR on sheep, where in summer the values were 40.63°C, 102.58 (mov.min-1) and 128,34 (beat.min-1) with 46 ICT, and winter was 38.34°C , 35.71 (mov.min-1), 77.96 (beat.min-1) with ICT of 14. The values of TR, RR and HR at birth and weaning were also significant between the summer and winter seasons. Differences were observed (P 0.05) for TR, RR and HR of lambs at birth and weaning between summer and winter. The weight at birth (4.51 ± 2.86) and weaning (16.91 ± 3.91) were higher for those born in the summer. During the summer Santa Inês ewes were superior in body condition score, favoring births of heavier lambs and consequently higher weaning weight with higher rate of survival than those found in winter. /p>

p>Objetivou-se avaliar os parâmetros fisiológicos e o desempenho de ovelhas da raça Santa Inês e cordeiros ½ Dorper - Santa Inês nas estações verão e inverno. Foram utilizadas 160 ovelhas da raça Santa Inês e 189 cordeiros ½ Dorper - Santa Inês em delineamento inteiramente casualizado distribuídas em dois tratamentos, verão: 80 ovelhas e 92 cordeiros e no inverno: 80 ovelhas e 97 cordeiros. Registrou-se os parâmetros ambientais, temperatura do ar (Ta sup>o /sup>C), umidade relativa (UR%), velocidade do vento (Vv m.s sup>-1 /sup>) e temperatura do globo negro (Tg sup>o /sup>C) e parâmetros fisiológicos, temperatura retal (TR sup>o /sup>C), frequência respiratória (FR mov.min sup>-1 /sup>) e frequência cardíaca (FC bat.min sup>-1 /sup>). A condição corporal das ovelhas foi aferida ao parto. No terço final de gestação verificou-se efeito significativo (P 0,05) para TR, FR e FC nas ovelhas, em que no verão os valores foram, respectivamente, 40,63 sup>o /sup>C, 102,58 (mov.min sup>-1 /sup>) e 128,34 (bat.min sup>-1 /sup>) com ICT 46, e no inverno foi de 38,34 sup>o /sup>C, 35,71 (mov.min sup>-1 /sup>), 77,96( bat.min sup>-1 /sup>) com ICT de 14. Os valores de TR, FR e FC ao parto e ao desmame também foram significativas entre as estações verão e inverno. Foram verificadas diferenças (P 0,05) para a TR, FR e FC dos cordeiros ao nascimento e ao desmame entre o verão e inverno. O peso ao nascer (4,51±2,86) e ao desmame (16,91±3,91) foram superiores para os cordeiros nascidos no verão. Durante o verão, ovelhas da raça Santa Inês foram superiores em escore de condição corporal, favorecendo nascimentos de cordeiros mais pesados e consequentemente peso ao desmame superior, com taxa de sobrevivência acima da encontrada no inverno. /p>

Efficiency of evaporative systems and ration energy levels on the performance of growing meat chicken / Eficiência de sistemas evaporativos e dos níveis de energia na ração no desempenho de frangos de corte em crescimento

Two aviary sheds were used, the shed 1 (AECS) equipped with an adiabatic evaporative cooling system and the shed 2 (AECS + ESPB) equipped with an adiabatic evaporative cooling system together with an evaporative system of perforated bricks in the front and side of the shed. The temperature and the relative humidity of the air were assessed with automated devices (datalogger), together with the Environmental Thermal Index of Productivity for meat chicken (ETIPmc). Nine hundred and sixty male chickens from the Cobb strain were used, fed with isoproteic diets, except for the energy levels, which varied from 3,100 to 3,400 kcal. The use of the AECS was more efficient when associated to the ESPB. The AECS + ESPB provided a more comfortable and homogeneous environment, reflected on the productive parameters and favoring food conversion. Although the sheds exhibited moderately comfortable environments, according to the ETIPmc obtained, the AECS + ESPB showed a better balance of the environmental conditions between the sessions. The energy levels did not influence the variables analyzed, with the exception of the deposition of abdominal fat.

Foram utilizados dois galpões aviários, sendo o galpão 1 (SRAE) equipado com um sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo e o galpão 2 (SRAE+SETV) equipado com um sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo associado a um sistema evaporativo de tijolos vazados, instalado frontal e lateralmente a este galpão. Foram avaliadas a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar por meio de equipamentos automáticos (datalogger), juntamente com o Índice Térmico Ambiental de Produtividade para frangos de corte (IAPfc). Utilizou-se 960 aves, machos, da linhagem Cobb, sendo as rações experimentais isoprotéicas, com exceção dos níveis energéticos, que foram de 3100, 3200, 3300 e 3400 kcal. A utilização do sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo SRAE foi mais eficiente  quando associado ao sistema evaporativo de tijolos vazados SETV. O SRAE+SETV proporcionou um ambiente mais confortável e homogêneo mostrando efeito sobre os parâmetros produtivos, favorecendo a conversão alimentar. Mesmo os galpões apresentando ambientes moderadamente confortáveis, segundo os valores do IAPfc obtidos, o SRAE+SETV mostrou melhor equilíbrio nas condições ambientais entre as sessões. Os níveis de energia influenciaram apenas a deposição da gordura abdominal.

INGESTIVE BEHAVIOR AND PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSES OF NELLORE IN DIFFERENT GRAZING CONDITIONS / COMPORTAMENTO INGESTIVO E RESPOSTAS FISIOLÓGICAS DE NOVILHOS NELORE EM DIFERENTES CONDIÇÕES DE PASTEJO

This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and physiological responses of steers under different grazing conditions. Five Nellore steers, weighing an average of 390.78 ± 14 kg BW, were assigned to five experimental treatments: clean pasture without concentrate supplementation (PLSC), dirty pasture without concentrate supplementation (PSSC), clean pasture with concentrate supplementation (PLCC), dirty pasture with concentrate supplementation (PSCC) and free access to pasture without concentrate supplementation (LAPSC). The experimental design was a 5 x 5 Latin Square. The grazing behavior was measured through visual observation at the end of each trial in ten-minute intervals for 24 hours, and the physiological variables comprised rectal temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate. The physiological responses of animals were not affected by treatments. The number of steps performed by the animals kept in treatments PLSC (6.08 steps/min) and PLCC (5.62 steps/min) were significantly lower than those in treatments PSSC (16.84 steps/min) and PSCC (14.58 steps/min), showing increased activity of locomotion in animals in paddocks with weeds.KEYWORDS: heart rate; locomotion; pasture; weeds.

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento ingestivo e respostas fisiológicas de novilhos Nelore em diferentes condições de pastejo. Foram utilizados cinco novilhos da raça Nelore pesando em média 390,78 ± 14 kg de PV, distribuídos em cinco tratamentos experimentais: pasto limpo sem fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PLSC), pasto sujo sem fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PSSC), pasto limpo com fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PLCC), pasto sujo com fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PSCC) e livre acesso aos pastos sem fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (LAPSC). Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em quadrado latino 5 x 5. O comportamento ingestivo dos animais foi mensurado por meio de observação visual no final de cada período experimental em intervalos de dez minutos, durante 24 horas, e as variáveis fisiológicas avaliadas foram temperatura retal, frequência respiratória e frequência cardíaca.  As respostas fisiológicas dos animais não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos. O número de passos realizados pelos animais mantidos nos tratamentos PLSC (6,08 passos/min) e PLCC (5,62 passos/min) foram significativamente menores que nos tratamentos PSSC (16,84 passos/min) e PSCC (14,58 passos/min), demonstrando maior atividade de locomoção nos animais nos piquetes com invasoras.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: frequência cardíaca; invasoras; locomoção; pastag

Efficiency of evaporative systems and ration energy levels on the performance of growing meat chicken / Eficiência de sistemas evaporativos e dos níveis de energia na ração no desempenho de frangos de corte em crescimento

Two aviary sheds were used, the shed 1 (AECS) equipped with an adiabatic evaporative cooling system and the shed 2 (AECS + ESPB) equipped with an adiabatic evaporative cooling system together with an evaporative system of perforated bricks in the front and side of the shed. The temperature and the relative humidity of the air were assessed with automated devices (datalogger), together with the Environmental Thermal Index of Productivity for meat chicken (ETIPmc). Nine hundred and sixty male chickens from the Cobb strain were used, fed with isoproteic diets, except for the energy levels, which varied from 3,100 to 3,400 kcal. The use of the AECS was more efficient when associated to the ESPB. The AECS + ESPB provided a more comfortable and homogeneous environment, reflected on the productive parameters and favoring food conversion. Although the sheds exhibited moderately comfortable environments, according to the ETIPmc obtained, the AECS + ESPB showed a better balance of the environmental conditions between the sessions. The energy levels did not influence the variables analyzed, with the exception of the deposition of abdominal fat.

Foram utilizados dois galpões aviários, sendo o galpão 1 (SRAE) equipado com um sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo e o galpão 2 (SRAE+SETV) equipado com um sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo associado a um sistema evaporativo de tijolos vazados, instalado frontal e lateralmente a este galpão. Foram avaliadas a temperatura e a umidade relativa do ar por meio de equipamentos automáticos (datalogger), juntamente com o Índice Térmico Ambiental de Produtividade para frangos de corte (IAPfc). Utilizou-se 960 aves, machos, da linhagem Cobb, sendo as rações experimentais isoprotéicas, com exceção dos níveis energéticos, que foram de 3100, 3200, 3300 e 3400 kcal. A utilização do sistema de resfriamento adiabático evaporativo SRAE foi mais eficiente  quando associado ao sistema evaporativo de tijolos vazados SETV. O SRAE+SETV proporcionou um ambiente mais confortável e homogêneo mostrando efeito sobre os parâmetros produtivos, favorecendo a conversão alimentar. Mesmo os galpões apresentando ambientes moderadamente confortáveis, segundo os valores do IAPfc obtidos, o SRAE+SETV mostrou melhor equilíbrio nas condições ambientais entre as sessões. Os níveis de energia influenciaram apenas a deposição da gordura abdominal.

Superovulatory response, production and quality of embryos of cows fed on linseed or canola seed supplemented diets - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i3.13372

Superovulatory response, production and embryo quality and the effects of seasonal changes on embryo production of Nellore cows fed on either linseed (n-3) or canola seeds (n-6) were evaluated. Sixteen Nellore cows (550 ± 48.0 kg) were fed on three diets: control diet (CON), diet with linseed (LIN) and diet with canola seed (CAN) during four seasons. There was no difference in superovulatory response and in total corpora lutea produced when diets are taken into consideration. The number of cows that responded to superovulatory treatment was higher in the winter (93.8%) than in the summer (62.5%). No difference with regard to the three diets existed on the average number of total structures (6.20, 4.96 and 6.50), unfertilized structures (2.53, 1.17 and 1.60) or congealable embryos (3.40, 1.30 and 3.80). Average degenerated embryos were higher for cows fed on LIN diet (2.48) than for those fed on CON diet (0.32); the CAN diet presented an intermediate response (1.10). Mean total structures produced were lower during the winter (3.57) and summer (3.50) than during the autumn (8.75) and spring (7.25).

Behavior of beef cattle and the microclimate with and without shade - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i4.15055 / Behavior of beef cattle and the microclimate with and without shade - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i4.15055

It was evaluated the intake behavior of Nellore steers in system without shade (WS), and silvopastoral system (SP) maintained in star grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) in summer and winter. Twenty-four Nellore steers were used (12 in each system), mean age 18 months and weight of 294.5 kg. The design was completely randomized with two seasons, two treatments, 24 hours and 12 repetitions. The observations were conducted in three days, for 24 hours, with an interval of 15 minutes, with effect of the hour on the grazing behavior (GRAZ) with a maximum of 52.1% and lying ruminating (LYRUM) with a minimum of 12.3%, both at 14h. The lying idle (LYIDL) was influenced by hour with a minimum of 11,6%at 14h, and by season, with 23.9% in summer, and 13.9%, in winter. However, the standing ruminating (STRUM), without effect of hour, was affected by the interaction of season x system in summer (9.43%) and (6.19%), and winter (4.36%) and (8.27%), respectively, for SP and WS. Standing idle (OCEMP) was influenced by hour, with maximum 15.8% at 14h, and an interaction of system x season, in summer (20.10%) and (8.82%); and winter (9.05%) and (8.44%), respectively, for SP and WS. The SP system has changed the environment that affected the animal intake behavior.

It was evaluated the intake behavior of Nellore steers in system without shade (WS), and silvopastoral system (SP) maintained in star grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) in summer and winter. Twenty-four Nellore steers were used (12 in each system), mean age 18 months and weight of 294.5 kg. The design was completely randomized with two seasons, two treatments, 24 hours and 12 repetitions. The observations were conducted in three days, for 24 hours, with an interval of 15 minutes, with effect of the hour on the grazing behavior (GRAZ) with a maximum of 52.1% and lying ruminating (LYRUM) with a minimum of 12.3%, both at 14h. The lying idle (LYIDL) was influenced by hour with a minimum of 11,6%at 14h, and by season, with 23.9% in summer, and 13.9%, in winter. However, the standing ruminating (STRUM), without effect of hour, was affected by the interaction of season x system in summer (9.43%) and (6.19%), and winter (4.36%) and (8.27%), respectively, for SP and WS. Standing idle (OCEMP) was influenced by hour, with maximum 15.8% at 14h, and an interaction of system x season, in summer (20.10%) and (8.82%); and winter (9.05%) and (8.44%), respectively, for SP and WS. The SP system has changed the environment that affected the animal intake behavior.

Behavior of beef cattle and the microclimate with and without shade - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i4.15055 / Behavior of beef cattle and the microclimate with and without shade - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i4.15055

It was evaluated the intake behavior of Nellore steers in system without shade (WS), and silvopastoral system (SP) maintained in star grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) in summer and winter. Twenty-four Nellore steers were used (12 in each system), mean age 18 months and weight of 294.5 kg. The design was completely randomized with two seasons, two treatments, 24 hours and 12 repetitions. The observations were conducted in three days, for 24 hours, with an interval of 15 minutes, with effect of the hour on the grazing behavior (GRAZ) with a maximum of 52.1% and lying ruminating (LYRUM) with a minimum of 12.3%, both at 14h. The lying idle (LYIDL) was influenced by hour with a minimum of 11,6%at 14h, and by season, with 23.9% in summer, and 13.9%, in winter. However, the standing ruminating (STRUM), without effect of hour, was affected by the interaction of season x system in summer (9.43%) and (6.19%), and winter (4.36%) and (8.27%), respectively, for SP and WS. Standing idle (OCEMP) was influenced by hour, with maximum 15.8% at 14h, and an interaction of system x season, in summer (20.10%) and (8.82%); and winter (9.05%) and (8.44%), respectively, for SP and WS. The SP system has changed the environment that affected the animal intake behavior.

It was evaluated the intake behavior of Nellore steers in system without shade (WS), and silvopastoral system (SP) maintained in star grass (Cynodon plectostachyus) in summer and winter. Twenty-four Nellore steers were used (12 in each system), mean age 18 months and weight of 294.5 kg. The design was completely randomized with two seasons, two treatments, 24 hours and 12 repetitions. The observations were conducted in three days, for 24 hours, with an interval of 15 minutes, with effect of the hour on the grazing behavior (GRAZ) with a maximum of 52.1% and lying ruminating (LYRUM) with a minimum of 12.3%, both at 14h. The lying idle (LYIDL) was influenced by hour with a minimum of 11,6%at 14h, and by season, with 23.9% in summer, and 13.9%, in winter. However, the standing ruminating (STRUM), without effect of hour, was affected by the interaction of season x system in summer (9.43%) and (6.19%), and winter (4.36%) and (8.27%), respectively, for SP and WS. Standing idle (OCEMP) was influenced by hour, with maximum 15.8% at 14h, and an interaction of system x season, in summer (20.10%) and (8.82%); and winter (9.05%) and (8.44%), respectively, for SP and WS. The SP system has changed the environment that affected the animal intake behavior.

Superovulatory response, production and quality of embryos of cows fed on linseed or canola seed supplemented diets - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v34i3.13372

Superovulatory response, production and embryo quality and the effects of seasonal changes on embryo production of Nellore cows fed on either linseed (n-3) or canola seeds (n-6) were evaluated. Sixteen Nellore cows (550 ± 48.0 kg) were fed on three diets: control diet (CON), diet with linseed (LIN) and diet with canola seed (CAN) during four seasons. There was no difference in superovulatory response and in total corpora lutea produced when diets are taken into consideration. The number of cows that responded to superovulatory treatment was higher in the winter (93.8%) than in the summer (62.5%). No difference with regard to the three diets existed on the average number of total structures (6.20, 4.96 and 6.50), unfertilized structures (2.53, 1.17 and 1.60) or congealable embryos (3.40, 1.30 and 3.80). Average degenerated embryos were higher for cows fed on LIN diet (2.48) than for those fed on CON diet (0.32); the CAN diet presented an intermediate response (1.10). Mean total structures produced were lower during the winter (3.57) and summer (3.50) than during the autumn (8.75) and spring (7.25).

Ingestive behavior and physiological responses of nellore in different grazing conditions / Comportamento ingestivo e respostas fisiológicas de novilhos nelore em diferentes condições de pastejo

This study aimed to evaluate the ingestive behavior and physiological responses of steers under different grazing conditions. Five Nellore steers, weighing an average of 390.78 ± 14 kg BW, were assigned to five experimental treatments: clean pasture without concentrate supplementation (PLSC), dirty pasture without concentrate supplementation (PSSC), clean pasture with concentrate supplementation (PLCC), dirty pasture with concentrate supplementation (PSCC) and free access to pasture without concentrate supplementation (LAPSC). The experimental design was a 5 x 5 Latin Square. The grazing behavior was measured through visual observation at the end of each trial in ten-minute intervals for 24 hours, and the physiological variables comprised rectal temperature, respiratory rate and heart rate. The physiological responses of animals were not affected by treatments. The number of steps performed by the animals kept in treatments PLSC (6.08 steps/min) and PLCC (5.62 steps/min) were significantly lower than those in treatments PSSC (16.84 steps/min) and PSCC (14.58 steps/min), showing increased activity of locomotion in animals in paddocks with weeds.KEYWORDS: heart rate; locomotion; pasture; weeds.

Este trabalho teve o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento ingestivo e respostas fisiológicas de novilhos Nelore em diferentes condições de pastejo. Foram utilizados cinco novilhos da raça Nelore pesando em média 390,78 ± 14 kg de PV, distribuídos em cinco tratamentos experimentais: pasto limpo sem fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PLSC), pasto sujo sem fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PSSC), pasto limpo com fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PLCC), pasto sujo com fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (PSCC) e livre acesso aos pastos sem fornecimento de suplemento concentrado (LAPSC). Utilizou-se delineamento experimental em quadrado latino 5 x 5. O comportamento ingestivo dos animais foi mensurado por meio de observação visual no final de cada período experimental em intervalos de dez minutos, durante 24 horas, e as variáveis fisiológicas avaliadas foram temperatura retal, frequência respiratória e frequência cardíaca.  As respostas fisiológicas dos animais não foram influenciadas pelos tratamentos. O número de passos realizados pelos animais mantidos nos tratamentos PLSC (6,08 passos/min) e PLCC (5,62 passos/min) foram significativamente menores que nos tratamentos PSSC (16,84 passos/min) e PSCC (14,58 passos/min), demonstrando maior atividade de locomoção nos animais nos piquetes com invasoras.PALAVRAS-CHAVE: frequência cardíaca; invasoras; locomoção; pastag

Proteic supplements with and without sulfur sources on intake behavior of steers fed with low quality hay / Suplementos proteicos com e sem fontes de enxofre sobre o comportamento ingestivo de novilhos alimentados com feno de baixa qualidade

This experiment was conduct to study the effects of proteic supplementation and different sulfur sources added to supplements on the intake behavior, for cattle. Seven Holstein steers, weighing 442 kg ± 59 kg of live weight. The statistical design was a Latin square 7 x 7, and treatments consisted of the supplements use or no with addition or no of different sulfur sources: hay + supplement without sulfur (SWS), hay + sulfur 70S (S70), hay + sulfur 98S (S98), hay + calcium sulfate hemi-hydrated (CSH), hay + calcium sulfate di-hydrated (CSD), hay + ammonium sulfate (SFA) and hay without supplement (FSS). The Supplements affected in a positive way the feeding, chewing and resting activities. Steers without supplement (HWS) showed shorter total time of feeding, lower total time of chewing, and resting than steers with supplements. They had shorter meals and spent more time for rumination chewing per ruminal bolus, had lower efficiency of feeding (g DM/hour) and lower rumination efficiency (g of DM/hour and g of NDF/hour) as well as of the lower intake. SWS showed higher total time of rumination then supplements with different sulfur sources. The animals that had consumed supplements with sulfur, had presented lower number of rumination chews per day and per bolus, but they had not different to feeding efficiency and rumination.

O presente experimento foi realizado com o objetivo de estudar os efeitos da suplementação proteica e de diferentes fontes de enxofre adicionadas aos suplementos, sobre o comportamento ingestivo de bovinos consumindo feno de baixa qualidade. Foram utilizados sete bovinos, machos, castrados, da raça Holandesa Preto e Branco com 442 kg ± 59 kg de peso vivo. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o quadrado latino 7 x 7, e os tratamentos consistiram na utilização ou não de suplementos com adição ou não de diferentes fontes de enxofre, conforme segue: feno + suplemento sem enxofre (SSE), feno + enxofre 70S (E70), feno + enxofre 98S (E98), feno + sulfato de cálcio hemi-hidratado (SCH), feno + sulfato de cálcio di-hidratado (E98), feno + sulfato de amônia (SFA) e feno sem suplemento (FSS). Os suplementos influenciaram de forma positiva as atividades de alimentação, mastigação e de ócio. Animais que não foram suplementados (FSS) apresentaram menor tempo total de alimentação, menor tempo total de mastigação e de ócio que animais que receberam suplemento. Fizeram refeições mais curtas e despenderam mais tempo para mastigações merícicas por bolo ruminal, apresentaram menor eficiência de alimentação (g MS/hora) e menor eficiência de ruminação (g de MS/hora e g de FDN/hora), e tiveram conseqüentemente menor consumo. SSE apresentou maior tempo total de ruminação que suplementos com difer

Artificial shade and method of concentrate supply in behavior and in performance of calves - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i4.10672 / Sombra artificial e método de fornecimento de concentrado no comportamento e desempenho de bezerros desmamados - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i4.10672

It was evaluated the behavior, the physiological variables and the performance of Holstein calves and crossbred calves weaned using different shade screens and hours of concentrate supplying. There were used nine Holstein calves (H) and 15 crossbred Holstein calves (MH), housed on partially covered paddocks with a polypropylene screen (shade) with a loop of 70% of shadow (S70) and 40% (S40) receiving concentrate at three times: morning (M), afternoon (A) and alternate days (AD). The behaviors eating and ruminating lying were, respectively, more frequent on the environment S70 (34.29 and 11.40%) than on the environment S40 (30.18 and 6.76%), showing greater termical comfort for calves. The behaviors ruminating standing and standing were, respectively, more frequent on the environment S40 (6.42 and 40.25%) than the environment S70 (5.24 and 31.18%). The haircoat surface temperature presented higher values on the environment S40 for animals H (33.87ºC) and MH (33.69ºC), mainly on the hottest hours of the day, where the solar radiation was higher. The respiratory rate (RR) was higher for animals H just about on the environment S40 (55.66 mov. min.-1) as much as on the environment S70 (60.98 mov. min.-1). The daily average weight gain did not vary according to the ration supplying, shade and genetic groups

Foram avaliados o comportamento, as variáveis fisiológicas e o desempenho de bezerros Holandês e mestiços desmamados em diferentes telas de polipropileno e horas de fornecimento de concentrado. Utilizaram-se 24 bezerros, nove da raça Holandesa (H) e 15 mestiços de Holandês (MH), em piquetes parcialmente cobertos com tela de polipropileno com malha de 70 (S70) e 40% (S40) de sombra, recebendo concentrado em três horários: manhã (M), tarde (T) e dias alternados (DA). Os comportamentos comendo e ruminando deitado foram, respectivamente, mais frequentes no ambiente S70 (34,29 e 11,40%) do que no ambiente S40 (30,18 e 6,76%), indicando maior conforto térmico. Os comportamentos ruminando em pé e em pé foram, respectivamente, mais frequentes no ambiente S40 (6,42 e 40,25%) do que no ambiente S70 (5,24 e 31,18%). A temperatura da superfície do pelame apresentou maior valor no ambiente S40 para os animais H (33,87ºC) e MH (33,69ºC), principalmente nas horas mais quentes do dia, quando a radiação solar era maior. A frequência respiratória foi maior para os animais H tanto no ambiente S40 (55,66 mov. min.-1) quanto no ambiente S70 (60,98 mov. min.-1). O ganho de peso médio diário não variou conforme o fornecimento de ração, de sombra e entre grupos genéticos

Artificial shade and method of concentrate supply in behavior and in performance of calves - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i4.10672 / Sombra artificial e método de fornecimento de concentrado no comportamento e desempenho de bezerros desmamados - doi: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v33i4.10672

It was evaluated the behavior, the physiological variables and the performance of Holstein calves and crossbred calves weaned using different shade screens and hours of concentrate supplying. There were used nine Holstein calves (H) and 15 crossbred Holstein calves (MH), housed on partially covered paddocks with a polypropylene screen (shade) with a loop of 70% of shadow (S70) and 40% (S40) receiving concentrate at three times: morning (M), afternoon (A) and alternate days (AD). The behaviors eating and ruminating lying were, respectively, more frequent on the environment S70 (34.29 and 11.40%) than on the environment S40 (30.18 and 6.76%), showing greater termical comfort for calves. The behaviors ruminating standing and standing were, respectively, more frequent on the environment S40 (6.42 and 40.25%) than the environment S70 (5.24 and 31.18%). The haircoat surface temperature presented higher values on the environment S40 for animals H (33.87ºC) and MH (33.69ºC), mainly on the hottest hours of the day, where the solar radiation was higher. The respiratory rate (RR) was higher for animals H just about on the environment S40 (55.66 mov. min.-1) as much as on the environment S70 (60.98 mov. min.-1). The daily average weight gain did not vary according to the ration supplying, shade and genetic groups

Foram avaliados o comportamento, as variáveis fisiológicas e o desempenho de bezerros Holandês e mestiços desmamados em diferentes telas de polipropileno e horas de fornecimento de concentrado. Utilizaram-se 24 bezerros, nove da raça Holandesa (H) e 15 mestiços de Holandês (MH), em piquetes parcialmente cobertos com tela de polipropileno com malha de 70 (S70) e 40% (S40) de sombra, recebendo concentrado em três horários: manhã (M), tarde (T) e dias alternados (DA). Os comportamentos comendo e ruminando deitado foram, respectivamente, mais frequentes no ambiente S70 (34,29 e 11,40%) do que no ambiente S40 (30,18 e 6,76%), indicando maior conforto térmico. Os comportamentos ruminando em pé e em pé foram, respectivamente, mais frequentes no ambiente S40 (6,42 e 40,25%) do que no ambiente S70 (5,24 e 31,18%). A temperatura da superfície do pelame apresentou maior valor no ambiente S40 para os animais H (33,87ºC) e MH (33,69ºC), principalmente nas horas mais quentes do dia, quando a radiação solar era maior. A frequência respiratória foi maior para os animais H tanto no ambiente S40 (55,66 mov. min.-1) quanto no ambiente S70 (60,98 mov. min.-1). O ganho de peso médio diário não variou conforme o fornecimento de ração, de sombra e entre grupos genéticos

Evaluation and path analysis the value of milk in stats of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul / Avaliação e análise de trilha do valor do leite nos estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul

The objective of this study was to evaluate the conduct and path analysis the series of historical value of milk in stats of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul. The database was composed of historical series of amounts paid to the litre of milk in real, general price index, exchange rate, value of a litre of milk in dollars, value of the bag of maize, soya and wheat in real draws for the states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical analysis of the data involved path analysis and analysis of variance average, the test Tukey at 5% probability. It was observed that the greatest historical value of the value of milk in the state of Rio Grande do Sul was for the years 2007 with an average of R$ 0.60 and 2008 with average value of R$ 0.64. The value of a litre of milk in the state of Parana was significantly higher (P  0.05) in 2007 and 2008 with averages of R$ 0.61 and R$ 0.64. There were significant differences in monthly average values of the amount paid to the litre of milk in the states. The value of the bag of wheat in the state of Parana had a high of 0.7698 direct effect correlation on the value of milk and the value of a bag of soybeans had direct negative effect on the value of milk. There was a variation of the remuneration litre of milk produced in the states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul and that the direct and indirect effects of variables were correlated with t

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento e análise de trilha da série histórica do valor do leite nos estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul. O banco de dados foi composto das séries históricas dos valores pagos ao litro de leite em reais, índice geral de preços, taxa de câmbio, valor do litro de leite em dólar, valor da saca de milho, soja e trigo em reais para os estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul. A análise estatística dos dados envolveu análise de trilha e análise de variância das médias, pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Observou-se que o maior valor histórico do valor do leite no estado do Rio Grande do Sul foi para os anos de 2007 com média de R$ 0,60 e 2008 com valor médio de R$ 0,64. O valor do litro de leite no estado do Paraná foi significativamente maior (P 0,05) em 2007 e 2008 com médias de R$ 0,61 e R$ 0,64. Foram observadas diferenças significativas nos valores médios mensais do valor pago ao litro de leite nos estados. O valor da saca de trigo no estado do Paraná teve um elevado efeito direto de correlação de 0,7698 no valor do leite e o valor da saca de soja apresentou um efeito direto negativo no valor do leite. Observou-se variação da remuneração ao litro de leite produzido nos estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul e que os efeitos diretos e indiretos das variáveis analisadas tiveram correlação com a variável Rleite.

Evaluation and path analysis the value of milk in stats of Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul / Avaliação e análise de trilha do valor do leite nos estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul

The objective of this study was to evaluate the conduct and path analysis the series of historical value of milk in stats of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul. The database was composed of historical series of amounts paid to the litre of milk in real, general price index, exchange rate, value of a litre of milk in dollars, value of the bag of maize, soya and wheat in real draws for the states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul. Statistical analysis of the data involved path analysis and analysis of variance average, the test Tukey at 5% probability. It was observed that the greatest historical value of the value of milk in the state of Rio Grande do Sul was for the years 2007 with an average of R$ 0.60 and 2008 with average value of R$ 0.64. The value of a litre of milk in the state of Parana was significantly higher (P  0.05) in 2007 and 2008 with averages of R$ 0.61 and R$ 0.64. There were significant differences in monthly average values of the amount paid to the litre of milk in the states. The value of the bag of wheat in the state of Parana had a high of 0.7698 direct effect correlation on the value of milk and the value of a bag of soybeans had direct negative effect on the value of milk. There was a variation of the remuneration litre of milk produced in the states of Parana and Rio Grande do Sul and that the direct and indirect effects of variables were correlated with t

O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento e análise de trilha da série histórica do valor do leite nos estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul. O banco de dados foi composto das séries históricas dos valores pagos ao litro de leite em reais, índice geral de preços, taxa de câmbio, valor do litro de leite em dólar, valor da saca de milho, soja e trigo em reais para os estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul. A análise estatística dos dados envolveu análise de trilha e análise de variância das médias, pelo teste de Tukey ao nível de 5% de probabilidade. Observou-se que o maior valor histórico do valor do leite no estado do Rio Grande do Sul foi para os anos de 2007 com média de R$ 0,60 e 2008 com valor médio de R$ 0,64. O valor do litro de leite no estado do Paraná foi significativamente maior (P 0,05) em 2007 e 2008 com médias de R$ 0,61 e R$ 0,64. Foram observadas diferenças significativas nos valores médios mensais do valor pago ao litro de leite nos estados. O valor da saca de trigo no estado do Paraná teve um elevado efeito direto de correlação de 0,7698 no valor do leite e o valor da saca de soja apresentou um efeito direto negativo no valor do leite. Observou-se variação da remuneração ao litro de leite produzido nos estados do Paraná e Rio Grande do Sul e que os efeitos diretos e indiretos das variáveis analisadas tiveram correlação com a variável Rleite.

Effect of feedlot orientation and shading on haircoat surface temperature of cattle - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4702 / Orientação e sombreamento do confinamento na temperatura da superfície do pelame de bovinos - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4702

The study evaluated the effect of shading on haircoat surface temperature (HST) of cattle from five genetic groups: 4 ½ Limousin + ½ Nellore (L), 8 ½ Limousin + » Nellore + » RedAngus (LR), 4 ½ Limousin + » Nellore + » Simmental (LS), 2 ½ Marchigiana + » Nellore + » Simmental (MS) and 4 ¾ RedAngus + » Nellore + » Guzerá (RG). The cattle were 20 months old and had an average weight of 300 kg. They were housed at individual 10 m2-pens, with half covered with zinc tiles. The diet was isoproteic and isoenergetic, with a 67:33 roughage concentrate ratio. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in HST among genetic groups during daytime on Side 1 (S1) of the feedlot, while on Side 2 (S2) the lowest HST (29.48oC) (p 0.05) was observed for MS. At night, the HST for Side 1 was higher (p 0.05) for RG (30.32oC) and did not differ (p > 0.05) among the others. On Side 2, the highest HST (p 0.05) occurred for RG (30.63oC) and the lowest (p 0.05) for MS (28.07oC). The building orientation showed no effect on HST of animals, which was influenced by time of day, direct reflex action of thermal radiation intensity on zinc tiles and on the concrete floor.

Avaliou-se o efeito do sombreamento sobre a temperatura da superfície do pelame (TSP) de bovinos de cinco grupos genéticos, 4 ½ Limousin + ½ Nelore (L), 8 ½ Limousin + » Nelore + » RedAngus (LR), 4 ½ Limousin + » Nelore + » Simental (LS), 2 » Marchigiana + » Nelore + » Simental (MS) e 4 ¾ RedAngus + » Nelore + » Guzerá (RG), com 20 meses de idade e peso médio de 300 kg, alojados em baias individuais de 10 m2 , sendo metade coberta com telhas de zinco. A dieta era isoproteica e isoenergética com relação volumoso:concentrado 67:33. A TSP do Lado 1 (L1) do confinamento, durante o dia, não diferenciou (p > 0,05) entre os grupos genéticos, enquanto que para o Lado 2 (L2), a menor média (29,48oC) (p 0,05) foi obtida para MS. No período noturno, a TSP do L1 foi maior (p 0,05) para o RG (30,32oC) e não houve diferença (p > 0,05) entre os demais. No L2, a maior TSP (p 0,05) ocorreu para RG (30,63oC) e a menor (p 0,05), para MS (28,07oC). A orientação do confinamento não influenciou a TSP dos animais, sendo a mesma influenciada pelas horas do dia e da noite, reflexo direto da intensidade de radiação térmica incidente na telha de zinco e no piso de concreto.

Effect of feedlot orientation and shading on haircoat surface temperature of cattle - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4702 / Orientação e sombreamento do confinamento na temperatura da superfície do pelame de bovinos - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v30i2.4702

The study evaluated the effect of shading on haircoat surface temperature (HST) of cattle from five genetic groups: 4 ½ Limousin + ½ Nellore (L), 8 ½ Limousin + » Nellore + » RedAngus (LR), 4 ½ Limousin + » Nellore + » Simmental (LS), 2 ½ Marchigiana + » Nellore + » Simmental (MS) and 4 ¾ RedAngus + » Nellore + » Guzerá (RG). The cattle were 20 months old and had an average weight of 300 kg. They were housed at individual 10 m2-pens, with half covered with zinc tiles. The diet was isoproteic and isoenergetic, with a 67:33 roughage concentrate ratio. There was no difference (p > 0.05) in HST among genetic groups during daytime on Side 1 (S1) of the feedlot, while on Side 2 (S2) the lowest HST (29.48oC) (p 0.05) was observed for MS. At night, the HST for Side 1 was higher (p 0.05) for RG (30.32oC) and did not differ (p > 0.05) among the others. On Side 2, the highest HST (p 0.05) occurred for RG (30.63oC) and the lowest (p 0.05) for MS (28.07oC). The building orientation showed no effect on HST of animals, which was influenced by time of day, direct reflex action of thermal radiation intensity on zinc tiles and on the concrete floor.

Avaliou-se o efeito do sombreamento sobre a temperatura da superfície do pelame (TSP) de bovinos de cinco grupos genéticos, 4 ½ Limousin + ½ Nelore (L), 8 ½ Limousin + » Nelore + » RedAngus (LR), 4 ½ Limousin + » Nelore + » Simental (LS), 2 » Marchigiana + » Nelore + » Simental (MS) e 4 ¾ RedAngus + » Nelore + » Guzerá (RG), com 20 meses de idade e peso médio de 300 kg, alojados em baias individuais de 10 m2 , sendo metade coberta com telhas de zinco. A dieta era isoproteica e isoenergética com relação volumoso:concentrado 67:33. A TSP do Lado 1 (L1) do confinamento, durante o dia, não diferenciou (p > 0,05) entre os grupos genéticos, enquanto que para o Lado 2 (L2), a menor média (29,48oC) (p 0,05) foi obtida para MS. No período noturno, a TSP do L1 foi maior (p 0,05) para o RG (30,32oC) e não houve diferença (p > 0,05) entre os demais. No L2, a maior TSP (p 0,05) ocorreu para RG (30,63oC) e a menor (p 0,05), para MS (28,07oC). A orientação do confinamento não influenciou a TSP dos animais, sendo a mesma influenciada pelas horas do dia e da noite, reflexo direto da intensidade de radiação térmica incidente na telha de zinco e no piso de concreto.

Behavior of pigs kept in partially slotted floor or shallow pool pens - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v29i3.575 / Comportamento de suínos alojados em baias de piso parcialmente ripado ou com lâmina dágua - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v29i3.575

A study was carried out using 32 pigs to evaluate the effects of partially slotted floor (PSF) and shallow pool (SP) pens on animal behavior. In the PSF pens, the narrow channel was covered by slotted wood. In the SP pens had a narrow channel (0.8 x 2.0 m) ±10 cm deep, which was kept with streaming water. Behavioral observations were taken by snapshots every 10 minutes, for 24 hours, on six different days, resulting in 864 observations per pig. Observations were grouped in three periods (morning, afternoon and night). The afternoon period registered the highest temperature, 24.8 ± 3.2ºC. Less hostile behavior was detected in pigs kept in SP pens. Behaviors of walking and exploring the facilities were more frequent in SP pens during the afternoon, which suggests benefits of SP for higher temperature times. Pigs on PSF showed decreasing feed intake during times of heat-induced stress as compared to those in SP pens. However, their feed intake increased in times of neutral temperature, resulting in ultimate similar feed intake for both types of pens. Results suggest an acclimatization by the pigs, leading them to consume the same amount of feed in both pens, nullifying any benefit of using shallow pool pens.

Foi conduzido um estudo envolvendo 32 suínos, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de baias com lâmina dágua (LD) e baias com piso parcialmente ripado (PPR), sobre o comportamento dos animais. Nas baias com LD, havia ao fundo uma canaleta (0,8 x 2,0 m) com ± 10 cm de profundidade que foi mantida com água corrente. Nas baias com PPR, as canaletas foram protegidas com ripados de madeira. As observações de comportamento foram realizadas de forma direta, com determinação instantânea, utilizando intervalo amostral de 10 minutos, durante 24 horas em seis diferentes dias, totalizando 864 observações por animal. As observações foram agrupadas em três períodos (manhã, tarde e noite). No período da tarde foram registradas as maiores temperaturas, 24,8 ± 3,2ºC. Os animais da LD tiveram menor freqüência de comportamentos hostis. Os comportamentos andando e explorando a instalação foram mais freqüentes nas baias com LD no período da tarde, sugerindo benefício da LD no período de maior temperatura. Os suínos do PPR reduziram o consumo de ração nos horários de estresse por causa do calor em relação aos alojados em baias com lâmina dágua, contudo aumentaram nos horários de temperaturas termoneutras, resultando em consumo final semelhante entre os animais alojados em baias com os dois tipos de pisos. Os resultados sugerem que há adaptação dos suínos de modo a ingerirem a mesma quantidade de raç

Behavior of pigs kept in partially slotted floor or shallow pool pens - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v29i3.575 / Comportamento de suínos alojados em baias de piso parcialmente ripado ou com lâmina dágua - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v29i3.575

A study was carried out using 32 pigs to evaluate the effects of partially slotted floor (PSF) and shallow pool (SP) pens on animal behavior. In the PSF pens, the narrow channel was covered by slotted wood. In the SP pens had a narrow channel (0.8 x 2.0 m) ±10 cm deep, which was kept with streaming water. Behavioral observations were taken by snapshots every 10 minutes, for 24 hours, on six different days, resulting in 864 observations per pig. Observations were grouped in three periods (morning, afternoon and night). The afternoon period registered the highest temperature, 24.8 ± 3.2ºC. Less hostile behavior was detected in pigs kept in SP pens. Behaviors of walking and exploring the facilities were more frequent in SP pens during the afternoon, which suggests benefits of SP for higher temperature times. Pigs on PSF showed decreasing feed intake during times of heat-induced stress as compared to those in SP pens. However, their feed intake increased in times of neutral temperature, resulting in ultimate similar feed intake for both types of pens. Results suggest an acclimatization by the pigs, leading them to consume the same amount of feed in both pens, nullifying any benefit of using shallow pool pens.

Foi conduzido um estudo envolvendo 32 suínos, com o objetivo de avaliar o efeito de baias com lâmina dágua (LD) e baias com piso parcialmente ripado (PPR), sobre o comportamento dos animais. Nas baias com LD, havia ao fundo uma canaleta (0,8 x 2,0 m) com ± 10 cm de profundidade que foi mantida com água corrente. Nas baias com PPR, as canaletas foram protegidas com ripados de madeira. As observações de comportamento foram realizadas de forma direta, com determinação instantânea, utilizando intervalo amostral de 10 minutos, durante 24 horas em seis diferentes dias, totalizando 864 observações por animal. As observações foram agrupadas em três períodos (manhã, tarde e noite). No período da tarde foram registradas as maiores temperaturas, 24,8 ± 3,2ºC. Os animais da LD tiveram menor freqüência de comportamentos hostis. Os comportamentos andando e explorando a instalação foram mais freqüentes nas baias com LD no período da tarde, sugerindo benefício da LD no período de maior temperatura. Os suínos do PPR reduziram o consumo de ração nos horários de estresse por causa do calor em relação aos alojados em baias com lâmina dágua, contudo aumentaram nos horários de temperaturas termoneutras, resultando em consumo final semelhante entre os animais alojados em baias com os dois tipos de pisos. Os resultados sugerem que há adaptação dos suínos de modo a ingerirem a mesma quantidade de raç

Young semi-confined capibaras ethology (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris L. 1766) in the north of state of Paraná - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v27i1.1262 / Etologia de capivaras (Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris L. 1766) jovens semi-confinadas no Norte do Estado do Paraná - DOI: 10.4025/actascianimsci.v27i1.1262

The young semi-confined capibaras behavior was studied from 27th August to 24th September, in 2001, in Floriano - Paraná State, Brazil. A group of nine capibaras was placed in confinement in a picket to have dips during all the experience, while another group of animals had no access to such dips. Weather conditions were registered every hour. There was no difference regarding the animals behavior during the treatment, which suggests the possibility of pickets with no pools for grown-up semi-confined capibaras. When there is no shadow against sun irradiation, the pool has great importance for the relief of caloric stress. The feeding places, which were arranged linearly, caused great stress on the animals handling. This work was based on research with animals in their natural habitat due to the scarcity of research concerning the breeding of Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris

Entre os dias 27 de agosto e 24 de setembro de 2001 estudou-se o comportamento de capivaras jovens em semiconfinamento no Distrito de Floriano, Estado do Paraná. Um grupo de nove animais foi alojado em um piquete com acesso a banhos de imersão durante todo o experimento, enquanto o outro permaneceu sem acesso a tal recurso. Os dados climáticos foram registrados a cada hora. Não foram verificadas diferenças no comportamento entre os tratamentos, sugerindo a possibilidade de piquetes sem piscina para capivaras em crescimento e em regime de semiconfinamento. Em casos de insuficiência de sombra para a proteção da radiação solar, o recurso piscina tem grande importância no alívio do estresse calórico. Os comedouros dispostos de forma linear foram os maiores estressores no manejo dos animais. Pela escassez de pesquisas com Hydrochaeris hydrochaeris em regime de produção, as discussões deste trabalho tiveram como comparativos pesquisas realizadas com animais em habitat natural