RESUMO
OBJECTIVES: After studying the information in this article, the reader should be able to: 1. Describe the purpose of the pregnancy prevention program. 2. Discuss the five most common reasons for unintended pregnancy. 3. List the components of the expanded pregnancy prevention program. Preventing unintended pregnancy is currently an unsolved problem in the United States, especially among teens. However, successful programs to minimize unintended pregnancy do exist and can serve as a model for other efforts. One such program is the Pregnancy Prevention Program, for use when prescribing isotretinoin to women with childbearing potential. Isotretinoin is a known teratogen and is prescribed disproportionately to teens, who are at higher risk of unintended pregnancy. The program has shown impressive effectiveness despite these handicaps, but since exposure to isotretinoin is so harmful to the fetus and some women still become pregnant while taking the drug, the program has been revised to reduce the failure rate further.
Assuntos
Anormalidades Induzidas por Medicamentos/prevenção & controle , Anticoncepção/normas , Feto/efeitos dos fármacos , Isotretinoína/efeitos adversos , Teratogênicos , Anticoncepcionais , Feminino , Humanos , Isotretinoína/administração & dosagem , Exposição Materna , Educação de Pacientes como Assunto , Gravidez , Avaliação de Programas e Projetos de SaúdeRESUMO
We report two atopic boys with allergic contact dermatitis to nickel. Both children had early onset of atopic dermatitis and subsequently presented with infraumbilical dermatitis corresponding to the site of contact with metal snaps. A positive patch test response to 2.5% nickel sulfate in petrolatum was observed in both boys. Allergic contact dermatitis in patients with atopic dermatitis is not uncommon and probably occurs more often than recognized.
Assuntos
Dermatite de Contato , Hipersensibilidade , Níquel , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Vestuário , Dermatite de Contato/diagnóstico , Dermatite de Contato/patologia , Humanos , Hipersensibilidade/diagnóstico , Hipersensibilidade/patologia , Masculino , Testes CutâneosRESUMO
An 8-year-old boy with reticular erythematous mucinosis syndrome had erythematous plaques on his chest, face, and arms for three years. Sun exposure resulted in pruritus and increased lesions. Histologic examination revealed a perivascular mononuclear cell infiltrate with hematoxylin and eosin staining, positive staining material between the dermal collagen bundles with alcian blue (pH 2.5) staining, and granular basement membrane deposits of IgM with direct immunofluorescence staining. Results of all lupus erythematosus serologies and porphyrin studies were negative. Minimal erythema dose determinations to ultraviolet A and B were normal, and the lesions could not be induced with high doses of irradiation. Topical sunscreens, corticosteroid cream, and systemic beta-carotene produced no therapeutic benefit.
Assuntos
Eritema/patologia , Mucinas/análise , Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade/patologia , Dermatopatias/patologia , Pele/análise , Adolescente , Fatores Etários , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Eritema/diagnóstico , Eritema/tratamento farmacológico , Feminino , Humanos , Lactente , Masculino , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade/diagnóstico , Transtornos de Fotossensibilidade/tratamento farmacológico , Pele/patologia , Dermatopatias/diagnóstico , Dermatopatias/tratamento farmacológico , SíndromeRESUMO
A bartender with hand dermatitis had allergic contact sensitivity to the skin of lemon, lime, and orange but not to their juices. Although most reported cases of citrus peel allergy are due to d-limonene, for our patient, reactions to patch tests for geraniol and citral, two minor components of citrus peel oil, were positive, whereas those for d-limonene were negative. Contact allergy to citrus peel oil should be considered in patients with hand dermatitis who are occupationally exposed to citrus fruits.
Assuntos
Citrus/efeitos adversos , Dermatite de Contato/imunologia , Dermatite Ocupacional/imunologia , Dermatoses da Mão/imunologia , Monoterpenos , Terpenos/imunologia , Monoterpenos Acíclicos , Cicloexenos , Feminino , Humanos , Limoneno , Pessoa de Meia-Idade , Testes do Emplastro/métodosRESUMO
An allergic contact dermatitis in a woman was found to be due to oak moss in her husband's after-shave lotion. When routine patch testing reveals a positive reaction, the dermatologist should consider exposure to the antigen not only in the patient but also through contact with the patient's consort.
Assuntos
Dermatite de Contato/etiologia , Perfumes/efeitos adversos , Idoso , Feminino , Humanos , Líquens , Extratos Vegetais/efeitos adversosRESUMO
Bacitracin is a commonly used topical antibiotic. Although occasional reports of adverse reactions to bacitracin have appeared in the medical literature, it is considered to be a nonsensitizing agent by most dermatologists. A description of two patients who demonstrated allergic contact dermatitis from bacitracin is presented, with a review of the pertinent literature.