Evaluation of dental health of the adult population of Kazakhstan and solutions for improving removable prosthetics.

Screening studies on dental morbidity of elderly people in the urban and rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan were conducted. Three age groups were investigated in the districts of Almaty and Almaty oblast: middle-aged (45-59 years old), elderly (60-79 years old) and the oldest (80 years and above). A high loss of teeth was revealed, which was 79.3% in the urban and 90.6% in the rural population of the Republic of Kazakhstan, respectively. Complete absence of teeth on the upper jaw was most common in rural and city dwellers in the oldest and elderly age groups. A high frequency of complete absence of teeth was revealed in elderly rural residents (44.9%). The production of removable prostheses with a double layer base improves the quality thereof. Indications for these prostheses have been determined. In conclusion, the need for orthopedic dental care was the highest in rural areas. Complete absence of teeth on the upper jaw was most common in the oldest and elderly age groups among rural and urban dwellers. A high frequency of complete absence of teeth was revealed among elderly rural residents (44.9%). Orthopedic treatment of persons with complete absence of teeth requires improvement of this assistance. The use of removable prostheses with a two-layer base improved the quality of manufactured prostheses, providing comfort and functional efficiency for patients. Indications for the manufacture of soft-lined prostheses have been determined and clarified.

Clinical classification of torus and effectiveness of two-layer bases in removable dentures.

AIM: To study and systematize the complaints of patients with removable prostheses, paying attention to the clinical manifestation of the torus and its sensitivity, and to determine the effectiveness of the use of two-layer bases in removable prosthetics. METHODS: In the clinic of orthopedic dentistry, 104 people were examined and received orthopedic treatment, including 37 patients in the comparison group. The main number of patients up to 55.3, complained of poor fixation and violation of the chewing process. In order to improve the functional efficiency of the removable prosthesis, two-layer bases using soft linings, Gossil (Russia), Furji (Japan), and Mucopren (Germany), are proposed. Clinical and laboratory studies were conducted (Estesmary, gattingeri, physico-mechanical studies of soft linings). The effectiveness of using soft pads in removable prosthetics is shown. The conducted research allowed creating a clinical classification of the torus depending on the pain sensitivity of the oral mucosa-type I-painless torus, type II-moderately painful, and type III-painful when touched. The features of the technology for manufacturing two-layer bases for type II and type III of torus are recommended. RESULTS: It was found that 47.9% of patients in the comparison group and 55.3% of those examined in the main group complained about impaired chewing and poor fixation of dentures on the upper and lower jaws, depending on the condition of oral tissues. The patients did not always objectively assess the condition of their dentures. Patients complained about lack of stabilization, poor-quality dentures, and the need to replace the old denture with a new one in 13.8% of cases in the control group and 31.9% in the main group of patients examined. CONCLUSION: In the case of removable denture wearers with a total lack of teeth, there were 55.3% complaints of chewing disorders and poor fixation of dentures, and in the case of partially removable denture wearers, the greatest number of complaints of clasp fixation disorders were found in 42.1% of cases. Physico-mechanical study of soft linings from different countries, Gossil (Russia), Fuji (Japan), Mukopren (Germany), showed their effectiveness and the possibility of their use orthopedic dentistry.