Epidemiological aspects of morbidity in the class of digestive organs in Kazakhstan.

AIM: To study epidemiological aspects of disease, class of diseases of the digestive system in the region of the relative risk in Kazakhstan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Studied epidemiological parameters are first identified in the incidence and prevalence of class XI ICD in regions of Kazakhstan with the identification of risk relative to the average national level. In a dysfunctional region Kyzylorda region analyzed the performance of its regions and compared with data from medical examination of the population and the survey. RESULTS: A significant excess of the average national incidence rate between 1990 and 2015, was noted for 3 of the 14 regions of Kazakhstan (West-Kazakhstan, Kyzylorda, Mangystau). According to the dynamics of the unfavorable situation on the high level of incidence currently is in the Kyzylorda region (COA). From the areas of the COA maximum, the incidence of diseases of the digestive system registered in Kazalinsk district which exceeded the level at RK 4.8 times. The data on examination and survey of the complaints of the population exceeded the epidemiological indicators. In the area identified as the leading neoplasms of the digestive system in the structure of cancer incidence and exceeded the national average on the related class of blood diseases. Unfavorable situation on the incidence of the digestive system in Kyzylorda region of Kazakhstan is associated with the cancer and blood diseases, this is partly due to the presence of pollutants in the environment.

[Health state of Aral region dwellers].

Studies of birth rate, natural increment and death rate dynamics of Aral region population helped to set major tendencies in demographic processes for dwellers in ecologic disaster area. Morbidity parameters were evaluated via ICD-10 classes with distribution in age and sex, that helped to identify leading classes of diseases in the population of Kyzylorda region. DALY index parameters were estimated through complex evaluation of health losses due to disablement and mortality among adult population of Kyzylorda region. The studies covered 5 districts of Kyzylorda region (Aral, Kazalin, Zhalagash, Karmaksh, Shiely). The parameters were analysed retrospectively over 10 years--from 2004 to 2013.

[Cytologic study of buccal epithelium in various lengths of service in chrysotile-asbestos production].

Buccal epithelium cytograms were analyzed in workers of chrysotile-asbestos production "Kostanaiskiye mineraly" JSC. Findings are that 10-20 years of service are associated with increased number of 4th differentiation grade cells and correspondingly decreased number of 5th differentiation grade cells. Later, with 20 years of service, numbers of 4th and 5th grade epitheliocytes reach initial values. With 10-20 years of service, integral parameters of differentiation index, cornification index and intracellular relations decrease. Findings are that 10-20 years of service are connected with domination of proliferation over differentiation processes. Length of service over 20 years is with adaptive processess in the workers. These data are important in evaluation of mucosal system in variable length of occupational service.