Bilateral xanthine nephrolithiasis in a dog.

Xanthinuria is an uncommon metabolic disorder clinically manifested as urolithiasis. There are two forms of the disease, congenital and iatrogenic. The former was diagnosed in a four-year-old dachshund bitch. The patient was presented with signs of terminal chronic renal failure. Urine was bacteriologically sterile with massive amorphous crystalluria. Bilateral nephrolithiasis was diagnosed at necropsy. The kidneys were shrunken with marked atrophy of the renal cortex and medulla. Infrared spectrometry revealed that the stones comprised 100 per cent xanthine. Later, two of the patient's siblings were examined for urine xanthine content; both showed higher concentrations of xanthine than a control dog. The described case is compared with seven known published cases of congenital xanthinuria.

[Karyometric differences in the tissue of lymphoid organs in Marek's disease and lymphoid leukosis in poultry]. / Karyometrické rozdílnosti v tkáni lymfoidních orgánu pri Markove nemoci a lymfoidní leukóze drubeze.

Histological preparations from the bursa of Fabricius and the thymus of chickens of egg layer HX-SL were examined caryometrically by the picture analyser Microvideomat 1. The chickens were allocated in tens to 3 groups (healthy, infected with Marek's disease virus and infected with avian leucosis virus). The surface areas and perimeters of the nuclei were measured and the form factor calculated. The basic statistical parameters for each sample were calculated and consequently the three previously mentioned groups were distinguished by means of linear discrimination analysis. The combinations of parameters bursa-medulla-area (BMA), thymus-medulla-area (TMA) and thymus-cortex-perimeter (TCP) were shown to be the best discriminating in our set.