[Prevalence of Risk Factors of Non-Communicable Disease in Kyrgyzstan: Assessment using WHO STEPS Approach].

Assessment of prevalence of risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCD) based on WHO "STEPS" approach was conducted in Kyrgyzstan. Results of this study demonstrated high prevalence of NCD risk factors: 94.2% of subjects aged 24-64 years had risk factors. Prevalence of elevated blood pressure was 48.7, smoking - 25.7, hypercholesterolemia - 23.6, excessive alcohol consumption - 31.4, physical inactivity 11.4, obesity - 23.1, elevated glucose level - 4.5, diabetes - 8.8, inadequate intake of fruits and vegetables - 74%. The data obtained would allow to draft effective preventive measures to combat NCD risk factors at the national level.

[Effect of ionizing radiation on the lipid fatty acid composition of the plasma membranes of liver cells]. / Deistvie ioniziruiushchei radiatsii na zhirnokislotnyi sostav lipidov plazmaticheskikh membran kletok pecheni.

Changes in the fatty acid composition of total lipids and individual phospholipids of liver cell plasma membranes of intact and exposed (7.65 Gy) rats have been studied. The authors discuss the relationship between the degree of lipid oxidation and other lipid characteristics of the studied membrane after exposure to ionizing radiation.

[Antioxidative activity of plasma membrane lipids of liver cells and its change after irradiation]. / Antiokislitel'naia aktivnost' lipidov plazmaticheskikh membran kletok pecheni i ee izmenenie posle oblucheniia.

Antioxidative activity (AOA) of lipids was revealed in plasma membranes of rat liver cells. The dynamics of its change after total-body X- irradiation with a dose 7.65 Gy was followed up. The authors discuss the relationship between the disorders in AOA and lipid content of surface membranes of liver cells in the exposed body and their role in radiation membrane effects.

[The effect of irradiation on the lipid composition of plasma membranes of liver cells]. / Vliianie oblucheniia na lipidnyi sostav plazmaticheskikh membran kletok pecheni.

The level of total phospholipids decreases, a cholesterol/phospholipid molar coefficient increases, and lipid/protein ratio in plasma membranes of liver cells decreases at early times following total-body X-irradiation of rats (LD50/30). Changes in individual phospholipids were differently directed. A possible correlation between the data obtained and the structural-functional status of the surface membrane is discussed.

[Radiation effects in plasma membranes based on infrared spectroscopy]. / Radiatsionnye éffekty v plazmaticheskikh membranakh po dannym IK-spektroskopii.

A study was made of the infra-red spectra of rat liver plasma membranes at different times after X-irradiation. Changes in the polypeptide chain mobility and protein conformation, an increase in hydrophobic interactions of fatty acid residues of phospholipids, and inhibition of auto- and induced oxidation of lipids were detected.

[Antiradical protective systems in the plasma membranes of an irradiated animal]. / Sistemy antiradikal'noi zashchity plazmaticheskikh membran v obluchennom organizme.

In the purified plasma membranes of rat liver the antiradical protection systems were revealed involving superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, lipid-dependent and water-soluble catalase, and reduced glutathione. Early changes were observed in these systems after total-body X-irradiation (LD50/30). The authors discuss the role of a plasma membrane in the radiation response of cells.

[Effect of adrenaline on the ATPase activity of rat liver plasma membranes]. / Vliianie adrenalina na aktivnost' ATF-az plazmaticheskikh membran pecheni krys.

In vivo and in vitro adrenaline affected dissimilarly the activity of Na+, K+-, HCO3- and Mg2+-ATPases from plasmatic membranes of rat liver tissue. Inhibition of Na+, K+-ATPase and stimulation of Mg2+-ATPase activities were observed within 1, 24 and 48 hrs after subcutaneous administration of the hormone at a dose of 0.3 and 1.0 1.0 mg/kg of body weight; at the same time, HCO3- -ATPase activity was inhibited by adrenaline at a dose of 1.0 mg/kg and stimulated--at a dose of 0.3 mg/kg. After in vitro incubation of the plasmatic membranes with 5.45 10(-6)--10(-4) M of the hormone the activities of HCO3- - and Na+, K+-ATPases were inhibited but Mg2+-ATPase activity was not altered. The data obtained suggest that the ATPases, responsible for the active membrane transport of K+, Na+ and HCO3-, are highly sensitive to adrenaline.

[Bicarbonate-stimulated ATP-ase from membranes of rat erythrocytes]. / Stimuliruemaia bikarbonatom ATF-aza membran eritrotsitov krysy

A bicarbonate-stimulating effect on the ATPase activity in membranes of rat erythrocytes depended upon pH, concentration of Mg2+ and HCO3-ions. Sodium azide and sodium thiocyanate distinctly inhibited the ATPase activity; pentachlorphenol and 2,4-dinitrophenol did not change it. Properties of the bicarbonate-stimulated ATPase from erythrocyte membranes were shown to be similar to the properties of the HCO3--ATPases from other cells.

[HCO3-sensitive adenosinetriphosphatase from ascites tumour cells].

HCO3--sensitive ATPase was found in nuclear and plasma membrane fractions of Ehrlich ascites tumour cells and lymphoma NK cells. HCO3--ATPase was not sensitive to monovalent cations and to ouabain (10(-4) M). The 60 mM HCO3- is the concentration of maximal activation of the HCO3--sensitive ATPase. The HCO3--sensitive ATPase was inhibited by anions in the sequence: SCN- greater than F- greater than ClO4- greater J-. The anions Br-, NO3-, HSO3- were not effective.