Assessment of the Retinal Ganglion Cell Layer after Uncomplicated Cataract Surgery.

(1) Background: This research aimed to evaluate the changes in ganglion cell layer thickness (GCLT) after uncomplicated cataract surgery in patients without previous ocular pathology and the impact of the appearance of cystoid macular edema on the GCLT and visual acuity. (2) Methods: The evaluation of 174 patients was performed with the indication of uncomplicated cataract surgery. The variables analyzed were demographic data, best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), cataract type and OCT (Optical Coherence Tomography) measurements of central macular thickness (CMT), and the presence of cysts and GCLT preoperatively and one day, one and three months after surgery. (3) Results: There was a relationship between the postoperative increase in retinal GCLT and BCVA after uncomplicated cataract surgery. The presence of microcysts reduced the thickness of the GCL, which is significantly related to the loss of BCVA. The appearance of cystoid macular edema one month after surgery was also related to the preoperative CMT. There was a statistically significant decrease in preoperative GCL but a statistically significant increase in preoperative CMT in patients with microcysts one-month post-surgery. (4) Conclusions: There is a relationship between postoperative retinal GCLT and BCVA after uncomplicated cataract surgery. The presence of microcysts significantly reduces the thickness of the GCL, which is significantly related to the loss of BCVA.

Evaluation of biometric formulas in the calculation of intraocular lens according to axial length and type of the lens.

To compare the accuracy of the modern biometric formulas in cataract surgery according to axial length and lens type. It is a Cross-sectional design from 365 patients who underwent cataract surgery. The SRK/T, Hoffer Q, Haigis, and Holladay I formulas were extracted from the IOLMaster 500 biometer. Barret formulas and the Kane were obtained from the online calculator. Patients are classified according to axial length (AL) into three groups: AL ≤ 22 mm, 22 < AL < 25 mm, and AL ≥ 25 mm. In addition, implanted intraocular lenses are classified as Monofocal, extended focus, and Multifocal. There are no significant differences between the formulas. In short, the Kane formula was more accurate than the other biometric formulas. Kane and SRK/T were the most accurate in monofocal lenses, with the lowest residual refractive error. The Holladay I formula obtained the lowest mean absolute error with the highest number of eyes with minimum residual ± 0.5Dp in the multifocal lenses in the 22 < AL < 25 mm eyes. In the long AL eyes, SRK/T and Kane's obtained the lowest mean absolute error and the best percentage of eyes with ± 0.5Dp of residual refractive error. There are no significant differences between the formulas. However Kane's formula has shown high accuracy, especially in short and long eyes with monofocal lenses.

Comparison of Iris-Claw Phakic Lens Implant versus Corneal Laser Techniques in High Myopia: A Five-Year Follow-Up Study.

Background. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and safety of Femto-LASIK, PRK, and Artiflex/Artisan phakic lens implantation in the surgical correction of myopia at different moments of postoperative follow-up; to propose a linear predictive model of visual acuity without correction at five years of refractive procedures; and to evaluate its validity. Methods. A retrospective observational analysis was performed. Patients were clinically reviewed after three months, one year, two years, and five years. Univariate and bivariate analyses and a multivariate linear regression model were performed. Results. Six hundred seventy-nine eyes were analyzed: 18.9% Artiflex, 2.8% Artisan, 42.3% Femto-LASIK, and 36.1% PRK. There were significant differences in effectiveness and safety after five years when comparing Artiflex/Artisan versus PRK and Femto-LASIK (p < 0.01). The linear regression model explained 30.32% of the patients' visual acuity variability after five years. Conclusions. PRK surgery, Femto-Lasik, and Artiflex/Artisan type phakic lens implantation are effective, safe, and predictable techniques with stable refractive results. Phakic lenses magnify myopic patients who improve their UCVA and BCVA. Concerning phakic lens implantation, corneal endothelial cells remain stable. The predictive model calculated that surgery with a phakic lens increased the UCVA result at five years, and surgery with PRK slightly decreased the long-term results.