[Socio-demographic characteristics, indicators of risk and health care in relation to sexual transmission infections in migrant population of Granada]. / Características sociodemográficas, indicadores de riesgo y atención sanitaria en relación a infecciones de transmisión sexual en población inmigrante de Granada.

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to describe the sociodemographic profile, the characteristics of clinical care received, the risk indicators and the prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in an immigrant population attending a specialized center in Granada, as well as to analyse the association between the presence or absence of STI with the sociodemographic variables and risk indicators. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational and analytical study was conducted at the at the Center for Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation in Granada, by reviewing the clinical records of 374 immigrants extracted from a sample of 1.455 records of subjects with a suspected of STI, corresponding to the period 2000-2014. Univariate analyses was conducted, bivariate analyses was conducted by using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square test, in addition to multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The mean age of individuals was 28,28 years (Dt=7,54). 69,3% were women and 30,7% were men, mainly from the Southern Common Market (39%) and the European Union (35.6%). 36.1% were professionals or former sex professionals, 34,5% had higher education and 79,9% were single. 70% of the cases had a positive diagnosis of STI, Human Papilloma Virus was the most prevalent infection. The number of partners in the last year (OR = 1,39; IC 95% = 1,12 - 1,74; p = 0,002) was significantly associated with the presence of STI. CONCLUSIONS: The sample, mainly women, sex workers or former sex workers, young people, from South America and Europe, has a high prevalence of infections and an increased risk as the number of partners increases in the last year.

OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el perfil sociodemográfico, las características de la atención clínica recibida, los indicadores de riesgo y la prevalencia de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS) en la población inmigrant que acude a un centro especializado en ITS de la provincia de Granada, así como analizar la asociación entre la presencia o no de ITS con variables sociodemográficas e indicadores de riesgo. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico, elaborado en el Centro de Orientación y Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual de Granada. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 374 inmigrantes, extraídas de una muestra de 1.455 historias de sujetos con sospecha de padecer una ITS, correspondientes al periodo 2000-2014. Se realizó análisis univariante, bivariante mediante U de Mann-Whitney y test de chi cuadrado, además de regresión logística múltiple. RESULTADOS: La edad media de los sujetos fue de 28,28 años (Dt=7,54). El 69,3% eran mujeres y el 30,7% hombres, procedentes del Mercado Común del Sur (39%) y Unión Europea (35,6%), fundamentalmente. Un 36,1% eran profesionales o ex profesionales del sexo, un 34,5% tenía estudios superiores y un 79,9% eran solteros. Un 70% de los casos tuvo un diagnóstico positivo de ITS, siendo la más prevalente el Virus del Papiloma Humano. El número de parejas en el último año (OR=1,39; IC 95%=1,12-1,74; p=0,002) se asoció significativamente a la presencia de ITS. CONCLUSIONES: En la muestra, que es principalmente de mujeres, profesionales o ex profesionales del sexo, jóvenes, procedentes de Sudamérica y Europa, hay una prevalencia alta de ITS y un mayor riesgo a medida que aumenta el número de parejas en el último año.

Sexually Transmitted Infections and Associated Factors in Homosexuals and Bisexuals in Granada (Spain) During the Period 2000-2015.

Sexually transmitted infections (STIs) are a major public health issue. Previous research shows the vulnerability of the homosexual and bisexual population, as well as the influence of economic, political, and cultural determinants. The aim of this study was to describe the socio-demographic healthcare profile and the main risk factors associated with STIs in homosexuals and bisexuals seen at the STI clinic in Granada (Spain) during the years 2000-2015. Infection prevalences were compared between the economic crisis period (2008-2014) and the rest of the years analysed. A cross-sectional observational and analytical study was conducted by reviewing 261 clinical records of individuals with suspected or present infection. Univariate, bivariate, and multivariate analyses were performed. 91.2% of the individuals were men, and 8.8% were women, with the mean age being 28.61 (SD = 9.35, Range = 17-74) years old. The prevailing sexual orientation identity was homosexual. 94.2% were single. The main reason for consultation was HIV. Differences in prevalence were found between crisis and non-crisis years (OR = 3.91; 95% CI = 1.73-9.19). In conclusion, their profile was that of a young, single man suspecting possible HIV infection. STI prevalence was significantly higher in the years of economic recession in comparison to the rest of the years.

Differences in Sexually Transmitted Infections between the Precrisis Period (2000⁻2007) and the Crisis Period (2008⁻2014) in Granada, Spain.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the difference in the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) between two time periods (2000⁻2007 and 2008⁻2014, with the latter period characterized by the economic crisis), as well as determine differences in sociodemographic factors, clinical care, and risk indicators. METHODS: This was a retrospective, observational, and analytical study, reviewing 1437 medical records of subjects attending a specialized center in the province of Granada (Spain) for consultation associated with the presence or suspicion of an STI between 2000⁻2014. Data were collected on variables relating to the research objective. A descriptive and bivariate statistical analysis was performed by multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: In the analysis comparing the presence of STIs between the crisis and non-crisis periods, the percentage of positive diagnoses reached 56.6% compared to 43.4% negative diagnoses during the non-crisis period, while the percentages were 75.2% and 24.8%, respectively, during the crisis period. This difference was statistically significant (p < 0.001) with an odds ratio (OR) of 2.21 after adjusting for age, sex, days since last unprotected sexual intercourse, and partners in the last year. CONCLUSIONS: There are significant differences in the prevalence of STIs between the study periods, which is consistent with the reports of some authors regarding the effect of the financial crisis on these conditions; however, it is worth considering other aspects that might explain the differences.

Características sociodemográficas, indicadores de riesgo y atención sanitaria en relación a infecciones de transmisión sexual en población inmigrante de Granada / Socio-demographic characteristics, indicators of risk and health care in relation to sexual transmission infections in migrant population of Granada

OBJETIVO: El objetivo de este estudio fue describir el perfil sociodemográfico, las características de la atención clínica recibida, los indicadores de riesgo y la prevalencia de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual (ITS) en la población inmigrant que acude a un centro especializado en ITS de la provincia de Granada, así como analizar la asociación entre la presencia o no de ITS con variables sociodemográficas e indicadores de riesgo. MÉTODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, transversal y analítico, elaborado en el Centro de Orientación y Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual de Granada. Se revisaron las historias clínicas de 374 inmigrantes, extraídas de una muestra de 1.455 historias de sujetos con sospecha de padecer una ITS, correspondientes al periodo 2000-2014. Se realizó análisis univariante, bivariante mediante U de Mann-Whitney y test de chi cuadrado, además de regresión logística múltiple. RESULTADOS: La edad media de los sujetos fue de 28,28 años (Dt=7,54). El 69,3% eran mujeres y el 30,7% hombres, procedentes del Mercado Común del Sur (39%) y Unión Europea (35,6%), fundamentalmente. Un 36,1% eran profesionales o ex profesionales del sexo, un 34,5% tenía estudios superiores y un 79,9% eran solteros. Un 70% de los casos tuvo un diagnóstico positivo de ITS, siendo la más prevalente el Virus del Papiloma Humano. El número de parejas en el último año (OR=1,39; IC 95%=1,12-1,74; p = 0,002) se asoció significativamente a la presencia de ITS. CONCLUSIONES: En la muestra, que es principalmente de mujeres, profesionales o ex profesionales del sexo, jóvenes, procedentes de Sudamérica y Europa, hay una prevalencia alta de ITS y un mayor riesgo a medida que aumenta el número de parejas en el último año

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this paper was to describe the sociodemographic profile, the characteristics of clinical care received, the risk indicators and the prevalence of Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) in an immigrant population attending a specialized center in Granada, as well as to analyse the association between the presence or absence of STI with the sociodemographic variables and risk indicators. METHODS: A cross-sectional observational and analytical study was conducted at the at the Center for Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation in Granada, by reviewing the clinical records of 374 immigrants extracted from a sample of 1.455 records of subjects with a suspected of STI, corresponding to the period 2000-2014. Univariate analyses was conducted, bivariate analyses was conducted by using Mann-Whitney U and chi-square test, in addition to multiple logistic regression. RESULTS: The mean age of individuals was 28,28 years (Dt=7,54). 69,3% were women and 30,7% were men, mainly from the Southern Common Market (39%) and the European Union (35.6%). 36.1% were professionals or former sex professionals, 34,5% had higher education and 79,9% were single. 70% of the cases had a positive diagnosis of STI, Human Papilloma Virus was the most prevalent infection. The number of partners in the last year (OR = 1,39; IC 95% = 1,12 - 1,74; p = 0,002) was significantly associated with the presence of STI. CONCLUSIONS: The sample, mainly women, sex workers or former sex workers, young people, from South America and Europe, has a high prevalence of infections and an increased risk as the number of partners increases in the last year

[Sexuality Risk Factors among People with Suspect of Sexually Transmitted Disease]. / Factores de riesgo relacionados con las infecciones de transmisión sexual.

OBJECTIVE: Describing determinants factors in Sexually Transmitted Diseases is necessary to evaluate and design effective measures for prevention and treatment. The aim of this research was to determine the sexual risk factors of people who are treated at Sexually Transmitted Diseases Centre and to analyze differences based on gender. METHODS: Cross-sectional study on 496 clinical reports, period of time 2010 to 2014, of people who come to the Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation Centre of Granada, for suspected of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Sociodemographic, clinical and sexual patterns data were collected. Calculation of descriptive statistics and Chi-square test to compare proportions were performed. RESULTS: 56% men and 44% women. The mean age was 29,01 years (SD=9,07). Most of the sample were single (85,9%). 54,2% had a higher education level. The most prevalent infections were the Human Papilloma-virus (18,8%), followed Molluscum contagiosum (5,6%) and Candidiasis (3,8%). Significant differences were found by sex with sexual behavior, there are more gay men (n=89) and bisexual (n=22) than women (n=4, n=7, respectively) (p smaller than 0,001); differences between sex and sexual life were also found, finding higher prevalence of men with 10-20 couples (n=23) and more than 20 couples (n=20) than women (n=10, n=4, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The user profile is a young, single, with higher education. The most prevalent infection is the Human Papillomavirus. Men are a vulnerable population for contracting sexually transmitted diseases because of their sexual practices.

OBJETIVO: Conocer los factores determinantes en Infecciones de Transmisión sexual (ITS)es necesario para evaluar y diseñar medidas efectivas para su prevención y tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los factores de riesgo relacionados con la sexualidad de sujetos atendidos en un centro de control de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual y analizar si hubo diferencias en función del sexo. METODOS: Estudio transversal utilizando como fuente de información 496 historias clínicas correspondientes al periodo 2010-2014, de sujetos que acudieron al Centro de Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual y Orientación Sexual de la provincia de Granada por sospecha de ITS. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y relacionados con pautas sexuales. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y análisis bivariante mediante comparación de proporciones con test de la chi-cuadrado. RESULTADOS: El 56% de los sujetos eran hombres y el 44% mujeres. La edad media fue de 29,01 años (DT=9,07). El 85,9% estaban solteros. El 54,2% presentaba un nivel de estudios superior. Las infecciones más prevalentes fueron el virus del papiloma humano (18,8%), Molluscum contagioso (5,6%) y candidiasis (3,8%). Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas por sexo con la variable conducta sexual, hallando 89 hombres homosexuales y 4 mujeres, así como 22 hombres bisexuales frente a 7 mujeres(p menor que 0,001).También se hallaron diferencias entre sexo y vida sexual, encontrando mayor prevalencia de hombres con entre 10-20 parejas (n=23) y más de 20 parejas (n=20) que mujeres (n=10, n= 4, respectivamente). CONCLUSIONES: El perfil es el de una persona joven, soltera, con estudios superiores. La infección más prevalente es el virus del papiloma humano. Los hombres siguen constituyendo laa población más vulnerable para contraer infecciones de transmisión sexual debido a sus prácticas sexuales.

Factores de riesgo relacionados con las infecciones de transmisión sexual / Sexuality risk factors among people with suspect of sexuality transmitted disease

Fundamento: Conocer los factores determinantes en Infecciones de Transmisión sexual (ITS) es necesario para evaluar y diseñar medidas efectivas para su prevención y tratamiento. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar los factores de riesgo relacionados con la sexualidad de sujetos atendidos en un centro de control de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual y analizar si hubo diferencias en función del sexo. Método: Estudio transversal utilizando como fuente de información 496 historias clínicas correspondientes al periodo 2010-2014, de sujetos que acudieron al Centro de Enfermedades de Transmisión Sexual y Orientación Sexual de la provincia de Granada por sospecha de ITS. Se recogieron datos sociodemográficos, clínicos y relacionados con pautas sexuales. Se realizó análisis descriptivo y análisis bivariante mediante comparación de proporciones con test de la chi-cuadrado. Resultados: El 56% de los sujetos eran hombres y el 44% mujeres. La edad media fue de 29,01 años (DT=9,07). El 85,9% estaban solteros. El 54,2% presentaba un nivel de estudios superior. Las infecciones más prevalentes fueron el virus del papiloma humano (18,8%), Molluscum contagioso (5,6%) y candidiasis (3,8%). Se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas por sexo con la variable conducta sexual, hallando 89 hombres homosexuales y 4 mujeres, así como 22 hombres bisexuales frente a 7 mujeres(p<0,001).También se hallaron diferencias entre sexo y vida sexual, encontrando mayor prevalencia de hombres con entre 10-20 parejas (n=23) y más de 20 parejas (n=20) que mujeres (n=10, n= 4, respectivamente) (p<0,001). Conclusiones: El perfil es el de una persona joven, soltera, con estudios superiores. La infección más prevalente es el virus del papiloma humano. Los hombres siguen constituyendo la población más vulnerable para contraer infecciones de transmisión sexual debido a sus prácticas sexuales (AU)

Background: Describing determinants factors in Sexually Transmitted Diseases is necessary to evaluate and design effective measures for prevention and treatment. The aim of this research was to determine the sexual risk factors of people who are treated at Sexually Transmitted Diseases Centre and to analyze differences based on gender. Method: Cross-sectional study on 496 clinical reports, period of time 2010 to 2014, of people who come to the Sexually Transmitted Diseases and Sexual Orientation Centre of Granada, for suspected of Sexually Transmitted Diseases. Sociodemographic, clinical and sexual patterns data were collected. Calculation of descriptive statistics and Chi-square test to compare proportions were performed Results: 56% men and 44% women. The mean age was 29,01 years (SD=9,07). Most of the sample were single (85,9%). 54,2% had a higher education level. The most prevalent infections were the Human Papillomavirus (18,8%), followed Molluscum contagiosum (5,6%) and Candidiasis (3,8%). Significant differences were found by sex with sexual behavior, there are more gay men (n=89) and bisexual (n=22) than women (n=4, n=7, respectively) (p<0,001); differences between sex and sexual life were also found, finding higher prevalence of men with 10-20 couples (n=23) and more than 20 couples (n=20) than women (n=10, n=4, respectively) (p<0,001). Conclusions: The user profile is a young, single, with higher education. The most prevalent infection is the Human Papillomavirus. Men are a vulnerable population for contracting sexually transmitted diseases because of their sexual practices (AU)

Factores condicionantes e impacto de la crisis económica sobre la salud mental de la población española / Determinants and impact of economic crisis on the mental health of population of Spain

OBJETIVOS. Los objetivos de este estudio son conocer la incidencia y el tipo de reacciones transfusionales en un hospital de tercer nivel, comprobar si existe algún protocolo que determine la actuación ante una transfusión y detectar cual es la reacción más frecuente en este ámbito. METODOLOGÍA. Es un estudio con un diseño cuantitativo, descriptivo, longitudinal y no experimental. La recogida de datos se hizo durante los meses de enero a diciembre del año 2013. El ámbito de estudio es el Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. La población de estudio fueron los pacientes que recibieron una transfusión de cualquier componente sanguíneo. La muestra son los pacientes que han presentado una reacción transfusional. RESULTADOS. Los resultados obtenidos son: el sexo masculino fue el predominante, representando un 60 % del total de las reacciones transfusionales; la edad media de los pacientes que presentaron alguna reacción fue de 67.85 años, con una desviación estándar de 11.06 años. Se estudiaron 8090 pacientes que presentaron 20 reacciones transfusionales. Se observa un mayor porcentaje de reacciones transfusionales en pacientes transfundidos ocasionalmente (45 %). Las reacciones transfusionales más frecuentes fueron las febriles no hemolíticas, seguidas de las alérgicas, las cuales representan un 75 % del total de las reacciones recogidas. Según el tipo de reacción, los síntomas que se presentaron con mayor frecuencia fueron: fiebre (55 %), escalofríos (25 %), prurito (15 %), disnea (15 %). CONCLUSIÓN. Como conclusión, las reacciones más frecuentes en nuestro hospital son las reacciones febriles no hemolíticas. En el Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge existe un protocolo para el abordaje correcto del seguimiento completo de una transfusión y de la actuación que se ha de seguir ante una reacción transfusional (AU)

OBJECTIVES. The objectives of this study are to find out the incidence and the type of transfusional reactions in a tertiary level hospital, check for any protocol which determines the proceedings facing a blood transfusion and to detect which is the most common and frequent reaction in this area. METHODOLOGY. This is a study with quantitative, descriptive, longitudinal, non-experimental design. Data collection was done from January to December 2013. The scope of the study is the University Hospital of Bellvitge, the study population are the patients who received a transfusion of any blood component, and the sample is constituted by the patients who filed a transfusion reaction. RESULTS. The results obtained indicate that male sex was the predominant, accounting for 60% of all transfusion reactions; and the average age of patients who presented a reaction was 68 years. There was 8090 patients who presented 20 transfusion reactions were studied. It’s observed a larger percentage of transfusion reactions in patients transfused occasionally (45 %). The most frequent transfusion reactions were febrile nonhaemolytic reactions, followed by allergic reactions, representing 75 % of the registered reactions. Depending on the type of reaction, symptoms that occurred most frequently were fever (55 %), chills (25 %), pruritus (15 %), dyspnea (15 %). CONCLUSION. In conclusion, the most common reactions in a tertiary level hospital are non-haemolytic febrile reactions. At the University Hospital of Bellvitge there is a protocol for the correct approach of the full monitoring of a transfusion and the procedures to follow facing a transfusion reaction (AU)