RESUMO
Purpose: The aim of this research was to evaluate the technique of using inhaled drugs in patients with a confirmed history of COPD and describe errors in inhaler technique. Patients and Methods: Descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in patients with a history of COPD using inhalation therapy, attending pulmonology consultation between August 2020 and April 2021 in Armenia, Colombia. A non-probabilistic sample of 80 adult participants was calculated, and the inhalation technique was evaluated (depending on the device used) using a scale validated for Colombia. Descriptive analysis of the qualitative variables was performed using frequencies and percentages. The Chi-Square test and Fisher's exact test (in corresponding cases) were used to look for association relationships between categorical variables. Results: A total of 80 participants were evaluated, of which 66.3% (n = 53) were male, and 32.5% were older than 80 years. Clinically, 30.0% (n = 24) were classified as Modified Medical Research Council Dyspnea Scale (mMRC) grade 3, and 51.2% (n = 41) had at least one exacerbation per year. The main comorbidity was hypertension (40.3%). Pressurized metered-dose inhalers with spacer were the most used device at 22.7% (n = 39). Incorrect technique (at least one error in the steps of the inhalation technique used) was found in 48.7%. The most frequent error among all the techniques was the failure to perform pre-inspiratory exhalation. No significant differences were observed between the development of the technique and the characteristics of the participants. Conclusion: Nearly half of the patients who use inhalation devices make errors in the technique. Patient education and training of healthcare personnel represent a fundamental pillar in mitigating the incorrect use of these devices.
RESUMO
El cáncer de pulmón, de los más frecuentes y de muy alta mortalidad, en el departamento de Risaralda, Colombia presenta tasas por encima de 10 muertes por 100.000 habitantes.En fases iniciales la enfermedad no produce síntomas o son inespecíficos; cuando produce síntomas, usualmente está en una etapa avanzada. La disnea se presenta cuando la lesión tumoral compromete las vías respiratorias centrales y de acuerdo al grado de obstrucción, generalmente cuando es mayor a 50 porciento, que la hace grave. Se presenta el caso de un paciente que ingresa por cuadro clínico de insuficiencia respiratoria aguda secundaria a obstrucción traqueobronquial crítica por compromiso intraluminal de tumor broncogénico, de tipo escamocelular mal diferenciado; se realizó broncoscopia rígida, electrofulguración del tumor, citoreducción (debulking) mecánica, traqueo-broncoplastia e implante de prótesis traqueo-carino-brónquica (stent en Y) con resolución del cuadro agudo de manera inmediata posterior al procedimiento; posteriormente recibió quimioterapia con cisplatino / gemcitabine y radioterapia.
Lung cancer, one of the most frequent and with very high mortality, in the stateof Risaralda, Colombia, has rates above 10 deaths per 100.000 people.In early stages, disease doesn't produce symptoms or are nonspecific; whenproduce symptoms, usually is in advance stage.Dyspnea appears when tumor compromise central airway and depends onsevere obstruction, generally more than 50%, which makes it serious.Lung cancer presents a case of patient with acute respiratory insufficiency due tocritical trachea obstruction by bronchogenic tumor intraluminal commitmenttype, poorly differentiated squamous; at this stage it has been made rigidbronchoscopy, tumor with electrofulguration, mechanic debunking, tracheabronchoplasty and It takes immediate acute illness resolution; later he receivedcisplatin / gemcitabin chemotherapy and radiotherapy.
