Risk factors and detection of brucella ovis in naturally infected rams and ewes / Fatores de risco e detecção de brucella ovis em carneiros e ovelhas naturalmente infectados

The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of ovine brucellosis using Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with infection in sheep flocks belonging to municipalities in the microregion from Teresina, PI, Brazil. A total of 100 urine and blood samples were collected from sheep aged 6 months or older. The urine samples were submitted to conventional PCR and the blood samples were examined by the AGID technique. Of the 100 blood samples, 17 (17%) were reactive to the AGID test. In conventional PCR of 100 urine samples, six (6%) were positive. Risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis included the rearing system (OR=0.19), feed management (OR=0.05), presence of dystotic births (OR=4.50), miscarriages (OR=3.75) and source of water offered to the animals (OR=0.19). Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to detect the occurrence of animals with ovine brucellosis since PCR is a reliable method to confirm infection. Furthermore, there are risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis in the municipalities studied.

Objetivou-se verificar a ocorrência da brucelose ovina através das técnicas de Imunodifusão em Gel de Ágar (IDGA) e Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), bem como identificar os principais fatores de risco associados à infecção nos rebanhos ovinos pertencentes a municípios da microrregião de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Foram colhidas 100 amostras de urina e de sangue de ovinos com idade superior ou igual a seis meses. As amostras de urina foram submetidas a PCR convencional e as amostras de sangue à técnica de IDGA. Das 100 amostras de sangue 17 (17%) foram reagentes ao teste de IDGA. Já na PCR convencional das 100 amostras de urina, seis (6%) foram positivas. Ressalta-se que três animais foram positivos em ambos os testes. Como fatores associados à infecção por B. ovis, observou-se o tipo de sistema de criação (OR=0,19), o manejo alimentar (OR=0,05), presença de partos distócicos (OR=4,50), abortamentos (OR=3,75) e a fonte de água fornecida aos animais (OR=0,19). Assim, conclui-se que foi possível detectar a ocorrência de animais com brucelose ovina, uma vez que a PCR é um método confirmatório. Além disso, há fatores de risco associados à infecção por B. ovis nos municípios estudados.

Risk factors and detection of brucella ovis in naturally infected rams and ewes / Fatores de risco e detecção de brucella ovis em carneiros e ovelhas naturalmente infectados

The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of ovine brucellosis using Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with infection in sheep flocks belonging to municipalities in the microregion from Teresina, PI, Brazil. A total of 100 urine and blood samples were collected from sheep aged 6 months or older. The urine samples were submitted to conventional PCR and the blood samples were examined by the AGID technique. Of the 100 blood samples, 17 (17%) were reactive to the AGID test. In conventional PCR of 100 urine samples, six (6%) were positive. Risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis included the rearing system (OR=0.19), feed management (OR=0.05), presence of dystotic births (OR=4.50), miscarriages (OR=3.75) and source of water offered to the animals (OR=0.19). Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to detect the occurrence of animals with ovine brucellosis since PCR is a reliable method to confirm infection. Furthermore, there are risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis in the municipalities studied.

Objetivou-se verificar a ocorrência da brucelose ovina através das técnicas de Imunodifusão em Gel de Ágar (IDGA) e Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), bem como identificar os principais fatores de risco associados à infecção nos rebanhos ovinos pertencentes a municípios da microrregião de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Foram colhidas 100 amostras de urina e de sangue de ovinos com idade superior ou igual a seis meses. As amostras de urina foram submetidas a PCR convencional e as amostras de sangue à técnica de IDGA. Das 100 amostras de sangue 17 (17%) foram reagentes ao teste de IDGA. Já na PCR convencional das 100 amostras de urina, seis (6%) foram positivas. Ressalta-se que três animais foram positivos em ambos os testes. Como fatores associados à infecção por B. ovis, observou-se o tipo de sistema de criação (OR=0,19), o manejo alimentar (OR=0,05), presença de partos distócicos (OR=4,50), abortamentos (OR=3,75) e a fonte de água fornecida aos animais (OR=0,19). Assim, conclui-se que foi possível detectar a ocorrência de animais com brucelose ovina, uma vez que a PCR é um método confirmatório. Além disso, há fatores de risco associados à infecção por B. ovis nos municípios estudados.

Risk factors and detection of brucella ovis in naturally infected rams and ewes / Fatores de risco e detecção de brucella ovis em carneiros e ovelhas naturalmente infectados

The objective of this study was to verify the occurrence of ovine brucellosis using Agar Gel Immunodiffusion (AGID) and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) techniques, as well as to identify the main risk factors associated with infection in sheep flocks belonging to municipalities in the microregion from Teresina, PI, Brazil. A total of 100 urine and blood samples were collected from sheep aged 6 months or older. The urine samples were submitted to conventional PCR and the blood samples were examined by the AGID technique. Of the 100 blood samples, 17 (17%) were reactive to the AGID test. In conventional PCR of 100 urine samples, six (6%) were positive. Risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis included the rearing system (OR=0.19), feed management (OR=0.05), presence of dystotic births (OR=4.50), miscarriages (OR=3.75) and source of water offered to the animals (OR=0.19). Thus, it was concluded that it is possible to detect the occurrence of animals with ovine brucellosis since PCR is a reliable method to confirm infection. Furthermore, there are risk factors associated to infection by B. ovis in the municipalities studied.(AU)

Objetivou-se verificar a ocorrência da brucelose ovina através das técnicas de Imunodifusão em Gel de Ágar (IDGA) e Reação em Cadeia da Polimerase (PCR), bem como identificar os principais fatores de risco associados à infecção nos rebanhos ovinos pertencentes a municípios da microrregião de Teresina, PI, Brasil. Foram colhidas 100 amostras de urina e de sangue de ovinos com idade superior ou igual a seis meses. As amostras de urina foram submetidas a PCR convencional e as amostras de sangue à técnica de IDGA. Das 100 amostras de sangue 17 (17%) foram reagentes ao teste de IDGA. Já na PCR convencional das 100 amostras de urina, seis (6%) foram positivas. Ressalta-se que três animais foram positivos em ambos os testes. Como fatores associados à infecção por B. ovis, observou-se o tipo de sistema de criação (OR=0,19), o manejo alimentar (OR=0,05), presença de partos distócicos (OR=4,50), abortamentos (OR=3,75) e a fonte de água fornecida aos animais (OR=0,19). Assim, conclui-se que foi possível detectar a ocorrência de animais com brucelose ovina, uma vez que a PCR é um método confirmatório. Além disso, há fatores de risco associados à infecção por B. ovis nos municípios estudados.(AU)

Uso da polpa desidratada do fruto de Mauritia flexuosa como suplemento ao diluente de congelação do sêmen caprino / Use of dehydrated pulp of Mauritia flexuosa fruit as supplement to freezing extender of goat semen

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade in vitro do sêmen caprino descongelado utilizando diluentesuplementado com a polpa desidratada do fruto de Mauritia flexuosa. O experimento foi dividido emduas etapas. Na primeira, foram utilizados 15 pools,fracionados em 13 tratamentos com diferentesconcentrações do extrato bruto. Os melhores resultados de viabilidade espermática obtidos na primeiraetapa foram utilizadas na segunda etapa (criopreservação). Para isto, foram formados dois gruposutilizando 15 pools, sendo um diluente constituído (TRIS + 7% glicerol + melhores concentrações doextrato bruto) e outro pelo diluente (TRIS + 2,5% gema de ovo + 7% glicerol + melhores concentraçõesdo extrato bruto). Na primeira etapa os grupos contendo baixa quantidade do extrato não diferiram dogrupo controle (P≤0,05). Todavia na segunda etapa, após descongelação, os grupos TRIS contendo 2,5%ou 0% de gema de ovo apresentaram diferença significativa, onde o grupo TB06GLGE foi superior aogrupo controle. Portanto, a polpa desidratada do fruto de Mauritia flexuosa,nas concentrações de 0,25% a1%, não atuou de forma benéfica sobre parâmetros espermáticos do sêmen caprino após acriopreservação/descongelação.(AU)

The objective was to evaluate the in vitro quality of the thawed goat semen using diluentsupplemented with the dehydrated pulp of the Mauritia flexuosa fruit. The experiment was divided intotwo stages. In the first, 15 fractionated pools were used in 13 treatments with different concentrations ofthe crude extract. The best results of sperm viability obtained in the first experimental stage were used inthe second experimental stage (cryopreservation). Afterwards, two groups were formed using 15 pools,one constituent (TRIS + 7% glycerol + best concentrations of the crude extract) and another by thediluent (TRIS + 2,5% egg yolk + 7% glycerol + best concentrations of the crude extract). In the firststage, the groups containing low amount of extract did not differ from the control group (P≤0.05).However, in the second stage, after thawing, TRIS groups containing 2.5% or 0% egg yolk presented asignificant difference, where the TB06GLGE group was superior to the control group. Therefore, thedehydrated fruit pulp of Mauritia flexuosa at concentrations of 0.25% to 1% did not benefit goat semenparameters after cryopreservation/thawing.(AU)

Análises da membrana plasmática, acrossoma e mitocôndrica de espermatozoide ovino após criopreservação com adição de Ácido Fólico no meio tris-gema / Plasma membrane, acrosome and mitochondria analysis of sheep sperm after cryopreservation with addition of folic acid in the tris-yolk medium

Folic acid is closely linked to cobalamin, which is a carrier of hydroxymethyl and ant groups. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding folic acid to the TRIS-yolk diluter and possible effect on the membrane, mitochondria and acrosome of sheep sperm after thawing the semen. There were six sheep and seven collections of each animal in sessions between 48 and 72 hours. After collection and analysis, the semen samples were mixed and submitted to the formation of a pool. Diluted in TRIS-yolk medium, and divided into 3 groups; Group control; Group 2: 10,000 µM of folic acid and in Group 3: 5000 µM of folic acid. Subsequently, the semen samples were packaged in 0.25 mL straws and processed in a semen freezing machine. After a few days, the semen was thawed and evaluated: plasma membrane integrity, acrosome function and integrity. They were analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Newman-Keuls test, using SAS. The additionof a micronutrient with potential antioxidant action in the semen indicates that it can reduce the action of free radicals that alter the plasma membrane and sperm DNA. The evaluation of the plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and the acrosome integrity of post-thawed sperm were not significantly different between the groups evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the addition of folic acid in concentrations of 5000 µM and 10000 µM to the TRIS-yolk seminal diluter does not significantly influence the variables evaluated in this experiment.

Suplementação do ácido oleico no dilente seminal sobre o potencial mitocondrial de espermatozoides caprinos criopreservados / Supplementation of oleic acid to the seminal diluter on the mitochondrial potential of cryopreserved caprine sperm

The research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of supplementation of 0.5μM, 5μM and 50μM of oleic acid to the TRIS-yolk extender on the mitochondrial potential (MIT) during the cryopreservation of goat sperm. For that, four Anglo-nubian goats were used, in which five samples / animal were collected, using artificial vagina. After evaluating the swirling and motility of the ejaculates, the pool was made, then diluted in TRIS-Gem and divided according to the treatments. After processing, the samples were packaged in 0.25mL straws and cryopreserved using the TK 3000® machine. After a minimum of 5 days of storage in a cryogenic cylinder, thawing was performed to assess the MIT of goat sperm after cryopreservation, using the lipophilic cationic fluorochrome JC-1. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), using the general linear models procedure (Proc GLM), and the Duncan test was used to compare the averages, with a 5% probability. The analyzes were performed using the Statistical Analysis System program (SAS Institute Inc, 2013). Thus, it was observed that the concentrations of 0.5μM and 5μM of oleic acid maintained the mitochondrial potential similar to the control, differing (p<0.05) only the concentration of 50μM. It can be concluded that 0.5μM and 5μM oleic acid are able to maintain the mitochondrial potential, prolonging the viability of cryopreserved goat sperm.

Influência de um ácido graxo adicionado ao diluente seminal sobre a integridade da membrana plasmática de espermatozoides caprinos criopreservados / Influence of a fatty acid added to the seminal extender on the integrity of the plasmatic membrane of cryopreserved caprine sperm

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of supplementing different concentrations (0.5μM, 5μM and 50μM) of polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid to the TRIS-yolk diluter on the integrity of the plasma membrane during the cryopreservation of goat sperm. For this purpose, four Anglo-nubian goats were used, in which five samples / animal were collected, using artificial vagina. After evaluating the swirling and motility of the ejaculates, the pool was made, then diluted in TRIS-Gem and divided according to the treatments. After processing, the samples were packaged in 0.25mL straws and cryopreserved using the TK3000® machine. Defrosting occurred after at least 5 days of storage in a cryogenic cylinder. Then, the integrity of the plasma membrane of goat sperm post cryopreservation was carried out, using the double staining method, where carboxyfluorescein diacetate (DCF) and propidium iodide (IP) were used. The data were analyzed and the results of the researched variable were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the general linear models procedure (Proc GLM) and the Duncan test was used to compare the means, with a 5% probability. The analyzes were performed using the Statistical Analysis System program (SAS Institute Inc, 2013). After analysis, it was observed that the control group had the best percentage, and differed significantly (p<0.05) from the treatment with 50μM of arachidonic acid. It was concluded that the 50μM arachidonic acid concentration is not effective to maintain the integrity of the plasma membrane, and to minimize the oxidative stress of cryopreservation.

Análises de membrana plasmática, acrossoma e mitocôndria de espermatozoides ovino após criopreservação com adição do ácido fólico no meio Tris-gema / Plasma membrane, acrosome and mitochondria analysis of sheep sperm after cryopreservation with addition of folic acid in the tris-yolk medium

Folic acid is closely linked to cobalamin, which is a carrier of hydroxymethyl and ant groups. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding folic acid to the TRIS-yolk diluter and possible effect on the membrane, mitochondria and acrosome of sheep sperm after thawing the semen. There were six sheep and seven collections of each animal in sessions between 48 and 72 hours. After collection and analysis, the semen samples were mixed and submitted to the formation of a pool. Diluted in TRIS-yolk medium and divided into 3 groups; Group control; Group 2: 10,000µM of folic acid and in Group 3: 5000µM of folic acid. Subsequently, the semen samples were packaged in 0.25mL straws and processed in a semen freezing machine. After a few days, the semen was thawed and evaluated: plasma membrane integrity, acrosome function and integrity. They were analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Newman-Keuls test, using SAS. The additionof a micronutrient with potential antioxidant action in the semen indicates that it can reduce the action of free radicals that alter the plasma membrane and sperm DNA. The evaluation of the plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and the acrosome integrity of post-thawed sperm were not significantly different between the groups evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the addition of folic acid in concentrations of 5000µM and 10000µM to the TRIS-yolk seminal diluter does not significantly influence the variables evaluated in this experiment.

Análises da membrana plasmática, acrossoma e mitocôndrica de espermatozoide ovino após criopreservação com adição de Ácido Fólico no meio tris-gema / Plasma membrane, acrosome and mitochondria analysis of sheep sperm after cryopreservation with addition of folic acid in the tris-yolk medium

Folic acid is closely linked to cobalamin, which is a carrier of hydroxymethyl and ant groups. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding folic acid to the TRIS-yolk diluter and possible effect on the membrane, mitochondria and acrosome of sheep sperm after thawing the semen. There were six sheep and seven collections of each animal in sessions between 48 and 72 hours. After collection and analysis, the semen samples were mixed and submitted to the formation of a pool. Diluted in TRIS-yolk medium, and divided into 3 groups; Group control; Group 2: 10,000 µM of folic acid and in Group 3: 5000 µM of folic acid. Subsequently, the semen samples were packaged in 0.25 mL straws and processed in a semen freezing machine. After a few days, the semen was thawed and evaluated: plasma membrane integrity, acrosome function and integrity. They were analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Newman-Keuls test, using SAS. The additionof a micronutrient with potential antioxidant action in the semen indicates that it can reduce the action of free radicals that alter the plasma membrane and sperm DNA. The evaluation of the plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and the acrosome integrity of post-thawed sperm were not significantly different between the groups evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the addition of folic acid in concentrations of 5000 µM and 10000 µM to the TRIS-yolk seminal diluter does not significantly influence the variables evaluated in this experiment.(AU)

Influência de um ácido graxo adicionado ao diluente seminal sobre a integridade da membrana plasmática de espermatozoides caprinos criopreservados / Influence of a fatty acid added to the seminal extender on the integrity of the plasmatic membrane of cryopreserved caprine sperm

The objective of this study was to evaluate the antioxidant effects of supplementing different concentrations (0.5μM, 5μM and 50μM) of polyunsaturated fatty acid, arachidonic acid to the TRIS-yolk diluter on the integrity of the plasma membrane during the cryopreservation of goat sperm. For this purpose, four Anglo-nubian goats were used, in which five samples / animal were collected, using artificial vagina. After evaluating the swirling and motility of the ejaculates, the pool was made, then diluted in TRIS-Gem and divided according to the treatments. After processing, the samples were packaged in 0.25mL straws and cryopreserved using the TK3000® machine. Defrosting occurred after at least 5 days of storage in a cryogenic cylinder. Then, the integrity of the plasma membrane of goat sperm post cryopreservation was carried out, using the double staining method, where carboxyfluorescein diacetate (DCF) and propidium iodide (IP) were used. The data were analyzed and the results of the researched variable were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the general linear models procedure (Proc GLM) and the Duncan test was used to compare the means, with a 5% probability. The analyzes were performed using the Statistical Analysis System program (SAS Institute Inc, 2013). After analysis, it was observed that the control group had the best percentage, and differed significantly (p<0.05) from the treatment with 50μM of arachidonic acid. It was concluded that the 50μM arachidonic acid concentration is not effective to maintain the integrity of the plasma membrane, and to minimize the oxidative stress of cryopreservation.(AU)

Suplementação do ácido oleico no dilente seminal sobre o potencial mitocondrial de espermatozoides caprinos criopreservados / Supplementation of oleic acid to the seminal diluter on the mitochondrial potential of cryopreserved caprine sperm

The research aimed to evaluate the antioxidant effect of supplementation of 0.5μM, 5μM and 50μM of oleic acid to the TRIS-yolk extender on the mitochondrial potential (MIT) during the cryopreservation of goat sperm. For that, four Anglo-nubian goats were used, in which five samples / animal were collected, using artificial vagina. After evaluating the swirling and motility of the ejaculates, the pool was made, then diluted in TRIS-Gem and divided according to the treatments. After processing, the samples were packaged in 0.25mL straws and cryopreserved using the TK 3000® machine. After a minimum of 5 days of storage in a cryogenic cylinder, thawing was performed to assess the MIT of goat sperm after cryopreservation, using the lipophilic cationic fluorochrome JC-1. The data were submitted to analysis of variance (ANOVA), using the general linear models procedure (Proc GLM), and the Duncan test was used to compare the averages, with a 5% probability. The analyzes were performed using the Statistical Analysis System program (SAS Institute Inc, 2013). Thus, it was observed that the concentrations of 0.5μM and 5μM of oleic acid maintained the mitochondrial potential similar to the control, differing (p<0.05) only the concentration of 50μM. It can be concluded that 0.5μM and 5μM oleic acid are able to maintain the mitochondrial potential, prolonging the viability of cryopreserved goat sperm.(AU)

Análises de membrana plasmática, acrossoma e mitocôndria de espermatozoides ovino após criopreservação com adição do ácido fólico no meio Tris-gema / Plasma membrane, acrosome and mitochondria analysis of sheep sperm after cryopreservation with addition of folic acid in the tris-yolk medium

Folic acid is closely linked to cobalamin, which is a carrier of hydroxymethyl and ant groups. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of adding folic acid to the TRIS-yolk diluter and possible effect on the membrane, mitochondria and acrosome of sheep sperm after thawing the semen. There were six sheep and seven collections of each animal in sessions between 48 and 72 hours. After collection and analysis, the semen samples were mixed and submitted to the formation of a pool. Diluted in TRIS-yolk medium and divided into 3 groups; Group control; Group 2: 10,000µM of folic acid and in Group 3: 5000µM of folic acid. Subsequently, the semen samples were packaged in 0.25mL straws and processed in a semen freezing machine. After a few days, the semen was thawed and evaluated: plasma membrane integrity, acrosome function and integrity. They were analyzed using an analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by the Newman-Keuls test, using SAS. The additionof a micronutrient with potential antioxidant action in the semen indicates that it can reduce the action of free radicals that alter the plasma membrane and sperm DNA. The evaluation of the plasma membrane integrity, mitochondrial activity and the acrosome integrity of post-thawed sperm were not significantly different between the groups evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the addition of folic acid in concentrations of 5000µM and 10000µM to the TRIS-yolk seminal diluter does not significantly influence the variables evaluated in this experiment.(AU)

Uso da polpa desidratada do fruto de Mauritia flexuosa como suplemento ao diluente de congelação do sêmen caprino / Use of dehydrated pulp of Mauritia flexuosa fruit as supplement to freezing extender of goat semen

Objetivou-se avaliar a qualidade in vitro do sêmen caprino descongelado utilizando diluentesuplementado com a polpa desidratada do fruto de Mauritia flexuosa. O experimento foi dividido emduas etapas. Na primeira, foram utilizados 15 pools,fracionados em 13 tratamentos com diferentesconcentrações do extrato bruto. Os melhores resultados de viabilidade espermática obtidos na primeiraetapa foram utilizadas na segunda etapa (criopreservação). Para isto, foram formados dois gruposutilizando 15 pools, sendo um diluente constituído (TRIS + 7% glicerol + melhores concentrações doextrato bruto) e outro pelo diluente (TRIS + 2,5% gema de ovo + 7% glicerol + melhores concentraçõesdo extrato bruto). Na primeira etapa os grupos contendo baixa quantidade do extrato não diferiram dogrupo controle (P≤0,05). Todavia na segunda etapa, após descongelação, os grupos TRIS contendo 2,5%ou 0% de gema de ovo apresentaram diferença significativa, onde o grupo TB06GLGE foi superior aogrupo controle. Portanto, a polpa desidratada do fruto de Mauritia flexuosa,nas concentrações de 0,25% a1%, não atuou de forma benéfica sobre parâmetros espermáticos do sêmen caprino após acriopreservação/descongelação.

The objective was to evaluate the in vitro quality of the thawed goat semen using diluentsupplemented with the dehydrated pulp of the Mauritia flexuosa fruit. The experiment was divided intotwo stages. In the first, 15 fractionated pools were used in 13 treatments with different concentrations ofthe crude extract. The best results of sperm viability obtained in the first experimental stage were used inthe second experimental stage (cryopreservation). Afterwards, two groups were formed using 15 pools,one constituent (TRIS + 7% glycerol + best concentrations of the crude extract) and another by thediluent (TRIS + 2,5% egg yolk + 7% glycerol + best concentrations of the crude extract). In the firststage, the groups containing low amount of extract did not differ from the control group (P≤0.05).However, in the second stage, after thawing, TRIS groups containing 2.5% or 0% egg yolk presented asignificant difference, where the TB06GLGE group was superior to the control group. Therefore, thedehydrated fruit pulp of Mauritia flexuosa at concentrations of 0.25% to 1% did not benefit goat semenparameters after cryopreservation/thawing.

Maturação in vitro de oócitos ovinos submetidos à congelação lenta / In vitro maturation of cryopreserved ovine oocytes subjected to slow freezing

A maturação in vitro de oócitos submetidos ao processo de criopreservação, ainda compreende um desafio para o sucesso da reprodução assistida na medicina veterinária. Devido a isso, estudos são desenvolvidos a fim de identificar, amenizar e superar as limitações encontradas. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se realizar a avaliação da maturação in vitro de oócitos ovinos após criopreservação pelo método de congelação lenta. Para tanto, foram colhidos 204 ovários oriundos de 102 ovelhas púberes (SPRD) pertencentes a abatedouros localizados no município de Teresina, Piauí. Os ovários foram transportados para o laboratório e, posteriormente, foram aspirados por meio de um aspirador cirúrgicoadaptado. Um total de 180 oócitos foram desnudados e, então, submetidos à congelação lenta em sistema automatizado (TK 3000®). Posteriormente foram descongelados, e submetidos à maturação in vitro(MIV). Em seguida, procedeu-se a avaliação da maturação nuclear. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio do teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson (P ≤ 0,05). Após descongelação, 22,8% dos oócitos na avaliação em estereomicroscópio (45x) apresentavam lesões de zona pelúcida e de oolema. Dos 139 oócitos submetidos a MIV, oito maturaram (5,75%). Conclui-se que a congelação lenta de oócitos ovinos pode influenciar a maturação in vitro, devido a lesões de membrana plasmática e zona pelúcida.

The in vitro maturation of oocytes submitted to the cryopreservation process, still comprises a challenge for the success of assisted reproduction in veterinary medicine. Due to this, studies are developed in order to identify, ameliorate and overcome the limitations found. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro maturation of ovine oocytes after cryopreservation by the slow freezing method. For that, 204 ovaries from 102 pubertal sheep (SPRD) belonging to slaughterhouses located in the city of Teresina, Piauí, were collected. The ovaries were transported to the laboratory and subsequently aspirated by means of an adapted surgical aspirator. A total of 180 CCO's were obtained, which were stripped and then subjected to slow freezing in an automated system (TK 3000®). Later they were thawed and submitted to in vitro maturation (IVM). Next, the nuclear maturation was evaluated. Results were evaluated using Pearson's chi-square test (P ≤ 0.05). After thawing, 22.8% of the oocytes in the stereomicroscope (45x) evaluation presented lesions of the zona pellucida and oolema. Of the 139 oocytes submitted to IVM, eight maturated (5.75%). It is concluded that slow freezing of sheep oocytesmay influence in vitro maturation due to plasma membrane and zona pellucida lesions.

Maturação in vitro de oócitos ovinos submetidos à congelação lenta / In vitro maturation of cryopreserved ovine oocytes subjected to slow freezing

A maturação in vitro de oócitos submetidos ao processo de criopreservação, ainda compreende um desafio para o sucesso da reprodução assistida na medicina veterinária. Devido a isso, estudos são desenvolvidos a fim de identificar, amenizar e superar as limitações encontradas. Nesse sentido, objetivou-se realizar a avaliação da maturação in vitro de oócitos ovinos após criopreservação pelo método de congelação lenta. Para tanto, foram colhidos 204 ovários oriundos de 102 ovelhas púberes (SPRD) pertencentes a abatedouros localizados no município de Teresina, Piauí. Os ovários foram transportados para o laboratório e, posteriormente, foram aspirados por meio de um aspirador cirúrgicoadaptado. Um total de 180 oócitos foram desnudados e, então, submetidos à congelação lenta em sistema automatizado (TK 3000®). Posteriormente foram descongelados, e submetidos à maturação in vitro(MIV). Em seguida, procedeu-se a avaliação da maturação nuclear. Os resultados foram avaliados por meio do teste de Qui-quadrado de Pearson (P ≤ 0,05). Após descongelação, 22,8% dos oócitos na avaliação em estereomicroscópio (45x) apresentavam lesões de zona pelúcida e de oolema. Dos 139 oócitos submetidos a MIV, oito maturaram (5,75%). Conclui-se que a congelação lenta de oócitos ovinos pode influenciar a maturação in vitro, devido a lesões de membrana plasmática e zona pelúcida.(AU)

The in vitro maturation of oocytes submitted to the cryopreservation process, still comprises a challenge for the success of assisted reproduction in veterinary medicine. Due to this, studies are developed in order to identify, ameliorate and overcome the limitations found. The objective of this study was to evaluate the in vitro maturation of ovine oocytes after cryopreservation by the slow freezing method. For that, 204 ovaries from 102 pubertal sheep (SPRD) belonging to slaughterhouses located in the city of Teresina, Piauí, were collected. The ovaries were transported to the laboratory and subsequently aspirated by means of an adapted surgical aspirator. A total of 180 CCO's were obtained, which were stripped and then subjected to slow freezing in an automated system (TK 3000®). Later they were thawed and submitted to in vitro maturation (IVM). Next, the nuclear maturation was evaluated. Results were evaluated using Pearson's chi-square test (P ≤ 0.05). After thawing, 22.8% of the oocytes in the stereomicroscope (45x) evaluation presented lesions of the zona pellucida and oolema. Of the 139 oocytes submitted to IVM, eight maturated (5.75%). It is concluded that slow freezing of sheep oocytesmay influence in vitro maturation due to plasma membrane and zona pellucida lesions.(AU)

Sociodemographic and environmental analysis for the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil. / Análise sociodemográfica e ambiental para ocorrência de anticorpos antiLeptospira em cães de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil.

Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis whose transmission is interlinked by multiple factors in the man-animal-ecosystem interface. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs in the capital Teresina (PI), and to determine their spatial distribution. Five hundred fifty-eight dog blood samples were submitted to the Microscopic Serum Agglutination (MSA) test. We applied semi-structured questionnaires to dog owners and obtained the area of residence for projection in geographical maps. Serum prevalence was 13.8%, in which the most common serovar was icterohaemorrhagiae, with 49.2%. Dogs with street access, failure to collect food bowl and low income of owners were risk factors. There was a higher number of seropositive dogs in the rainy season, with 87.1%, which is a probable risk factor for the occurrence of cases. The distribution of seropositive dogs was widely spread in the city, with predominance of cases in anthropized areas. These risk factors favor the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs that are agent maintenance sources in the city and reinforce the need for epidemiological and environmental surveillance to prevent leptospirosis.

A leptospirose é uma zoonose mundial cuja transmissão está interligada por múltiplos fatores na interface homem-animal-ecossistema. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os fatores de risco para a ocorrência de anticorpos antiLeptospira em cães na capital Teresina (PI), e determinar sua distribuição espacial. Amostras sanguíneas de 558 cães foram submetidas à prova de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM). Aplicou-se questionários semiestruturados para os proprietários dos cães e obteve-se a localização geográfica da residência para a sua projeção em mapas geográficos. A soroprevalência foi de 13,8%, no qual o sorogrupo mais frequente foi o Icterohaemorrhagiae com 49,2%. Foram considerados fatores de risco os cães com acesso à rua, o não recolhimento da vasilha de alimento e a baixa renda dos proprietários. Foi observado maior número de cães soropositivos no período chuvoso com 87,1%, sendo um possível fator de risco para a ocorrência de casos. A distribuição dos cães soropositivos na cidade se apresentou de forma dispersa, com predominância dos casos em área antropizada. Esses fatores de risco favorecem a ocorrência de anticorpos antiLeptospiraem cães, os quais podem ser fontes de manutenção do agente na cidade e reforça a necessidade de vigilância epidemiológica e ambiental na prevenção da leptospirose.

Análise sociodemográfica e ambiental para ocorrência de anticorpos antiLeptospira em cães de Teresina, Piauí, Brasil / Sociodemographic and environmental analysis for the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs of Teresina, Piauí, Brazil

Resumo A leptospirose é uma zoonose mundial cuja transmissão está interligada por múltiplos fatores na interface homem-animal-ecossistema. Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar os fatores de risco para a ocorrência de anticorpos antiLeptospira em cães na capital Teresina (PI), e determinar sua distribuição espacial. Amostras sanguíneas de 558 cães foram submetidas à prova de Soroaglutinação Microscópica (SAM). Aplicou-se questionários semiestruturados para os proprietários dos cães e obteve-se a localização geográfica da residência para a sua projeção em mapas geográficos. A soroprevalência foi de 13,8%, no qual o sorogrupo mais frequente foi o Icterohaemorrhagiae com 49,2%. Foram considerados fatores de risco os cães com acesso à rua, o não recolhimento da vasilha de alimento e a baixa renda dos proprietários. Foi observado maior número de cães soropositivos no período chuvoso com 87,1%, sendo um possível fator de risco para a ocorrência de casos. A distribuição dos cães soropositivos na cidade se apresentou de forma dispersa, com predominância dos casos em área antropizada. Esses fatores de risco favorecem a ocorrência de anticorpos antiLeptospiraem cães, os quais podem ser fontes de manutenção do agente na cidade e reforça a necessidade de vigilância epidemiológica e ambiental na prevenção da leptospirose.

Abstract Leptospirosis is a worldwide zoonosis whose transmission is interlinked by multiple factors in the man-animal-ecosystem interface. This study aimed to evaluate the risk factors for the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs in the capital Teresina (PI), and to determine their spatial distribution. Five hundred fifty-eight dog blood samples were submitted to the Microscopic Serum Agglutination (MSA) test. We applied semi-structured questionnaires to dog owners and obtained the area of residence for projection in geographical maps. Serum prevalence was 13.8%, in which the most common serovar was icterohaemorrhagiae, with 49.2%. Dogs with street access, failure to collect food bowl and low income of owners were risk factors. There was a higher number of seropositive dogs in the rainy season, with 87.1%, which is a probable risk factor for the occurrence of cases. The distribution of seropositive dogs was widely spread in the city, with predominance of cases in anthropized areas. These risk factors favor the occurrence of anti-Leptospira antibodies in dogs that are agent maintenance sources in the city and reinforce the need for epidemiological and environmental surveillance to prevent leptospirosis.

Taxa de fertilidade de ovelhas submetidas à inseminação artificial por via cervical e laparoscopia, no semi-árido do Piauí / Fertility rate of ewes submitted to artificial insemination by laparoscopy and cervical, on semi-arid in Piauí

There is various techniques of artificial insemination, but are not yet applied routinely in sheep. Thecervical insemination is quick and simple. Laparoscopy requires specialized technical and more work. artificialinsemination using simultaneous estrus synchronization provides higher productivity. This study aimed toobserve the pregnancy rate using frozen semen and techniques of different insemination after synchronization ofestrus. The experiment was conducted with thirty-seven animals. All subject to estrus synchronization protocol.Sixty days after insemination all underwent ultrasound for diagnosis of pregnancy. Twenty-five of the thirtysevenof the experiment showed pregnancy. The results demonstrated that cervical AI with frozen semen is agood alternative to using it routinely in sheep.(AU)

Influencia da concentração espermática sobre a Taxa de Fertilidade em Ovelhas Inseminadas com Sêmen congelado / Influences of sperm concentration on Fertility Rate in Sheep inseminated with frozen semen

The experiment compared the pregnancy rates in sheep submitted to IA, to evaluate the influence ofsperm concentration on fertility rate in sheep inseminated with frozen semen. In experiment run 37 females wereused, subject to synchronization of estrus and divided into two groups: G1 (n = 19), using artificial inseminationwith a concentration of 200 million viable spermatozoa and G2 (n = 18), using artificial insemination is at aconcentration of 100 million sperm. Pregnancy rates were 66.66% and 77.77% in sheep that were inseminatedwith the concentration 200 and 100 million sperm respectively transcervical and the sheep that have beeninseminated by laparoscopy at the same concentrations as pregnancy rates were 50% and 77.77% respectively.The concentrations used have shown - is quite effective when compared pregnancy rates in each group. Butneeds more in vivo studies.(AU)

Sensibilidade de cabras da raça Anglonubiana a infecção por verminose no periparto indicada pelo OPG / Sensibility of goat breed Anglo-Nubian infection by nematode parasites in peripartum indacated by OPG

The objective of this research was to evaluate the relationship of the infestation of gastrointestinalnematodes with the occurrence of peripartum in the angonubiana breed goats were divided into two age groups:Young goats <4 years old and Goats> 4 years. The set of information corresponds to the period from 2009 to2015 obtained from the Bank of UFPI the goat herd data, which is located in Teresina - PI. There was nosignificant difference in the samples taken during pregnancy (P > 0.05), although in the final third of the OPGtended to grow. Therefore, without significant evidence of peripartum express sensitivity of animals toparasitism. So in herd infected continues throughout the year tends to be little influence on the time of year in thegoat parasitism degree during pregnancy and lactation, regardless of age. However, does not imply inattentioncurative measures in the peripartum.(AU)