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Objective:To establish an animal model of pneumonia for research on clinical prevention and treatment of bacterial pneumonia by infecting immunocompromised rats with drug-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii ( Ab) strains. Methods:Drug-resistant Ab strains were selected. Forty-eight SD rats were randomly divided into four groups: normal group, cyclophosphamide control group (intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg cyclophosphamide), bacterial infection group (intratracheal instillation of 1.5×10 8 CFU Ab suspension), and bacterial infection+ immunosuppression group (intraperitoneal injection of 45 mg/kg cyclophosphamide+ intratracheal instillation of 1.5×10 8 CFU Ab suspension). Flow cytometry analysis was used to detect the proportion of CD4 + , CD8 + and NK cells in rat peripheral blood before as well as 3 d and 7 d after infection. A lung function meter was used to detect peak inspiratory flow (PIF), peak expiratory flow (PEF), tidal volume (Vt ) and forced expiratory volume in the second second/forced vital capacity (FEV 200/FVC) at 3 d and 7 d after modeling. ELISA was used to detect the levels of IL-6, TNF-α and IL-10 in the alveolar lavage fluid. HE staining was used to observe the morphology of rat lung tissues in each group. Bacterial loads in rat lung tissues were counted by bacterial culturing. Results:A decrease in voluntary activity was observed in rats in the cyclophosphamide control group, bacterial infection group and bacterial infection+ immunosuppression group after modeling. Lung rales could be heard in the bacterial infection group and bacterial infection+ immunosuppression group. Compared with the normal group, the cyclophosphamide control group showed decreased proportion of CD4 + and CD11b + NK cells and increased CD8 + cells in peripheral blood; the bacterial infection group showed decreased PIF, PEF, Vt and FEV 200/FVC, increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and decreased IL-10 level in the alveolar lavage fluid, and higher bacterial load in lung tissues with mild widening of alveolar walls and inflammatory cell infiltration ( P<0.05, P<0.01). Compared with the cyclophosphamide control group and the bacterial infection group, the bacterial infection+ immunosuppression group showed a lower proportion of CD4 + cells and a higher proportion of CD8 + cells in rat peripheral blood, decreased PIF, PEF, Vt and FEV 200/FVC, increased IL-6 and TNF-α levels and decreased IL-10 level in alveolar lavage fluid, higher bacterial load in lung tissues, and aggravated widening of alveolar walls and inflammatory cell infiltration ( P<0.05, P<0.01). The proportion of CD11b + NK cells in peripheral blood of rats in the bacterial infection+ immunosuppression group was significantly lower than that in the bacterial infection group ( P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusions:A bacterial pneumonia model was successfully constructed by infecting rats with Ab alone or in combination with cyclophosphamide immunosuppression. In the model constructed with Ab and cyclophosphamide immunosuppression, the rats had more severe pneumonia, which might be related to the reduced cellular immune function and the aggravated bacterial infection in rat lung tissues by cyclophosphamide.
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Low virulence and strong immunogenicity are quite important for Newcastle disease virus (NDV) producing Newcastle disease (ND) living-attenuated vaccine. However, immunogenicity of NDV positively correlates to its virulence. Usually, the velogenic NDV induces stronger immune responses of poultry than the lentogenic strain, but virulent NDV poses a risk for chicken. In this study, we identified the chicken interferon (IFN)-stimulated gene 12-2 (ISG12(2)) not only attenuated NDV, but also increased immunogenicity of ND vaccine strain. First, we found that NDV infection or IFNs stimulation induced expression of chicken ISG12(2) that reinforced expression of IFNs. Over-expression or knock-down proved that chicken ISG12(2) inhibited NDV replication. Then, recombinant NDV LaSota strains (rLaSota/Fmut/ISG12(2) and rLaSota/ISG12(2)), expressing ISG12(2), were rescued. Pathogenicity tests showed that ISG12(2) expression attenuated NDV. RNA-seq or RT-qPCR demonstrated that, comparing to rLaSota/Fmut and rLaSota, rLaSota/Fmut/ISG12(2) and rLaSota/ISG12(2) induced hosts to produce cytokines enriching in innate and adaptive immune pathways in vitro and in vivo. Finally, we showed that rLaSota/ISG12(2) vaccination improved immune condition of chicken to quickly respond NDV infection and then enhance protection. These results suggest that chicken ISG12(2) is a potential novel molecular adjuvant to regulate immune responses, which decrease virulence and increase immunogenicity of NDV. The chicken ISG12(2) may contribute to the development of high efficient poultry vaccine.
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Doença de Newcastle , Doenças das Aves Domésticas , Vacinas Virais , Animais , Galinhas , Citocinas , Interferons/genética , Doença de Newcastle/prevenção & controle , Vírus da Doença de Newcastle/genética , Vacinas AtenuadasRESUMO
BACKGROUND: There is an increasing prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) infection after liver transplantation (LT). Improved understanding of the risk factors and outcomes of CRE infections can help us to develop effective preventive strategies and even guide early treatment of high-risk LT patients. METHODS: This was a retrospective study involving all Chinese adult patients who underwent LT between December 2017 and September 2019 in our center. We analyzed the possible risk factors and outcomes associated with CRE infections in the first 30 days post-LT. RESULTS: A total of 387 patients underwent LT. Among them, 26 patients (6.7%) developed CRE infections within 30 days after transplantation. Patients with CRE infections had significantly lower 30-day and 180-day survival rates (80.8% vs 96.4%, p<0.001; 51.5% vs 92.4%, p<0.001). Multivariate analysis identified that intraoperative blood loss equal to or more than 1500 mL (odds ratio [OR], 3.666; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.407-9.550; p=0.008), CRE rectal carriage within 30 days post-LT (OR, 5.516; 95% CI, 2.113-14.399; p=0.000), biliary complications (OR, 3.779; 95% CI, 1.033-13.831; p=0.045) and renal replacement therapy for more than 3 days (OR, 3.762; 95% CI, 1.196-11.833; p=0.023) were independent risk factors for CRE infections within 30 days post-LT. CONCLUSION: CRE infections within 30 days post-LT were associated with worse outcomes. Intraoperative blood loss equal to or more than 1500 mL, CRE rectal carriage within 30 days post-LT, biliary complications and renal replacement therapy for more than 3 days were independent risk factors of CRE infections after LT.
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Objective To investigate the expression levels of serum miR-210and miR-375in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).Methods A total of 25NSCLC patients (NSCLC group) and 14healthy volunteers (control group) were enrolled in this study.The relative expression levels of 9miRNAs (miR-182, miR-126, miR-31, miR-21, miR-221, miR-200b, miR-183, miR-210and miR-375) in 6 NSCLC patients and 6healthy volunteers were measured by RT-qPCR.The dysregulated miRNAs will be selected as candidate miR-NAs.The diagnostic value were evaluated by ROC curve.Results Compared with control group, 2 (miR-210and miR-375) out of 9miRNAs were up-regulated in NSCLC group, and the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05), while the other 7miRNAs were not consistent with the reported literatures.Therefore, miR-210and miR-375were selected as candidate miRNAs.We found that the relative expression level of miR-210in the lung adenocarcinoma group was significantly different from control group (P＜0.05), while there was no significant difference between the squamous cell carcinoma group and the control group (P＞0.05).There was no significantly statistical difference in the relative expression level of miR-375between lung squamous cell carcinoma group, lung adenocarcinoma group and the control group (P＞0.05).The AUC of serum miR-210of lung adenocarcinoma group was 0.737 5 (95％CI:0.498 3-0.976 7, P=0.091 4) with a medium diagnostic value.Conclusion MiR-210is highly expressed in the serum of patients with lung adenocarcinoma, suggesting that miR-210may be a novel tumor marker for the diagnosis of lung adenocarcinoma.The value of miR-375in the diagnosis of lung cancer still needs to be further explored.
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A method for determining dipropofol in the plasma of Beagle dogs was established by HPLC-MS/MS. We also studied the pharmacokinetic characteristics of two different forms of crystal tablets of dipropofol in Beagle dogs. All animal experiments were approved by the Animal Experimental Management, Welfare and Ethics Committee of Pharmacology Evaluation Research Center, Shanghai Institute of Pharmaceutical Industry. The results indicate that the maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) of dipropofol was 69.02 ± 20.16 μg·L-1 after 20 mg·kg-1 crystal form Ⅰ tablet taken orally, and the AUC0-t was 160.49 ± 55.26 μg·L-1·h. After 20 mg·kg-1 crystal form Ⅱ tablet taken, the Cmax of dipropofol was 92.58 ± 60.26 μg·L-1, and the AUC0-t was 243.59 ± 148.36 μg·L-1·h. The AUC0-t and Cmax of crystal form Ⅱ were significantly different from that of crystal form Ⅰ (P<0.05). Crystal form Ⅱ was the dominant crystal form. The results suggest that we should control crystal form during the development of dipropofol oral tablets.
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BACKGROUND: In the previous study, we established an ischemia-prone gerbil population (IG), which was selectively bred to increase the incidence of unilateral carotid arterial occlusion (UCO)-induced ischemia in Mongolian gerbils. However, if the characteristics of ischemia model in IG are the same as those in general gerbils (GG), and if the neurological symptoms are associated with the neurological insults in IG is still unclear. METHODS: In the present study, we evaluated the UCO model in IG by analyzing neurological symptoms, neurological injury in the hippocampal CA1 region and compared with GG. RESULTS: The data showed that the ratios of neurological symptom scores ≥ 2 in the IG and GG groups were 65.0% vs 30.0%, respectively, and were significantly different (P < .01).The neuronal damage following a UCO ischemic insult in the IG group was more severe compared to the GG group. There was a high correlation between the neurological insults' scale and the neurological symptom score in the IG and GG groups (r = .979 and .943 in the IG and GG groups, respectively). In animals with mild neurological symptom scores (2 and 3), the neuronal insults were significantly different between female and male gerbils in both IG and GG. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that IG population would likely be more advantageous to establish an ischemic model.
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Objective To investigate the protective effect of sodium butyrate on the neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis and analyze its possible mechanism.Methods Sixty c57BL/6 neonatal mice were randomly divided into two groups (n=30):PBS group and butyric acid group.At the third day after birth,mice in both groups were respectively given PBS and sodium butyrate solution by gavage once a day for 7 days,and neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) model was established by hypoxia,cold stimulation and artificial feeding.The newborn mice were sacrificed overnight after modeling.HE staining and double-blind pathological score were performed to observe the pathological changes of ileocecal intestinal tissue.The mRNA expressions of IL-6,IL-10,TGF-β1 and TNF-a were tested by quantitative real-time PCR.The levels of IL-10 and TGF-β1 in intestine tissues were evaluated using ELISA.Flow cytometry was used to analyze the ratio of regulatory T cells (Treg) on CD4+ T cells in both groups.Results When mice were sacrificed overnight after NEC modeling,the body weight was significantly higher in butyric acid group (4.50 ± 0.42g) than in PBS group (4.16 ± 0.60g,P＜0.05);No significant difference (P＞0.05) existed in survival rate of butyric acid group (76.34％) and PBS group (67.95％).The pathological damage score of intestinal tissue showed that the median score of intestinal injury was significantly lower in butyric acid group [1.33(1.33-1.67)] than in PBS group [2.00(1.67-2.25),P＜0.05].qPCR demonstrated that the expressions of IL-6 and TNF-α mRNA were obviously lower in butyric acid group than in PBS group (0.85 ± 0.30 vs.1.77 ± 0.49 and 0.41 ± 0.25 vs.0.96 ± 0.56,respectively,P＜0.05);and the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 mRNA were markedly higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (1.91 ± 0.82 vs.0.94 ± 0.43 and 1.46 ± 0.57 vs.0.88 ± 0.29,respectively,P＜0.05);Intestinal tissue ELISA results showed that the expressions of IL-10 and TGF-β1 were higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (68.60 ± 15.06 vs.37.25 ± 5.81 and 424.93 ± 19.34 vs.127.31 ± 60.83,respectively,P＜0.05);Flow cytometry revealed that the proportion of regulatory T cells (Treg) of CD4+ T cells was higher in butyric acid group than in PBS group (12.68％ ± 6.79％ vs.3.57％ ± 0.88％,P＜0.05).Conclusions Butyric acid plays a protective effect in the intestinal injury of neonatal mouse model of necrotizing enterocolitis.The possible mechanism is that butyrate can down-regulate the expressions of cytokines IL-6 and TNF-o,up-regulate the expressions of cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β1,and promote the differentiation of T cells into Treg cells.
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Objective To analyze malnutrition epidemiologic trend among students aged 6-18 years from 2010 to 2016 in Minhang district of Shanghai,and to provide reference for malnutrition prevention and treatment.Methods Physical examination data from healthy monitoring schools in Minhang District from 2010 to 2016 were used to screened out the malnutrition of students aged 6-18 years via National standard 2014 and analyzed the different type of malnutrition in different population.Results During the period of 2010 to 2016,malnutrition rate of students demonstrated a fluctuated trend.Malnutrition rate in 2010 was 4.0％ and 4.4％ in 2016.The major type of malnutrition is wasting with a proportion more than 88％ during these years.Rate of wasting increased from 3.5％ to 7.8％ in boys aged 13-18 years old and from 1.3％ to 3.9％ in girls aged 13-18 years old.Conclusions The malnutrition of students in Minhang District is under control,while the screening rate of wasting increased in students aged 13-18 years old.Intensified intervention of prevention and treatment should be administrated and integrated with obesity control in Minhang District of Shanghai.
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Objective To analyze the epidemic features of anemia among students aged 6-11 years old in Minghang District,to provide basis for the control and prevention strategies of anemia among school students.Methods Surveillance on hemoglobin concentration was conducted among 42 872 students aged from 6 to 11 years old between 2012 and 2015.All data analyses were completed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software.Results The prevalence rate of anemia among school students 6-11 years old was 5.05％ (95％CI:4.84-5.26).The prevalence rate of anemia among girls was 5.28％,which was significantly higher than that 4.84％ among boys (x2 =4.24,P =0.037).Six-year-old boys and girls were most susceptible to anemia.Compared to students in Hope Schools,public school students are more vulnerable to anemia (boys:OR =2.37,95 ％ CI:2.03-2.76;girls:OR =2.08,95 ％ CI:1.74 -2.49).Overweight and obese students had a lower risk of anemia than average students (boys:OR =0.65,95 ％ CI:0.55-0.76;girls:OR =0.75,95 ％ CI:0.61-0.92).The three-year cumulative incidence of anemia was 12.80％ (95 ％CI:12.49-13.12).The cumulative incidence among girls was 14.52％,which was significantly higher than that of 11.28％ among boys (x2 =100.26,P＜0.001).Six-year-old boys have the highest three-year cumulative risk among all students,while 10-11-year-old girls have the highest three-year cumulative incidence.The risk of anemia in Hope School was found highest in all schools (boys:RR =1.93,95％CI:1.72-2.16;girls:RR =1.20,95 ％CI:1.04-1.39).Overweight and obesity were considered protective factors to anemia (boys:RR =0.75,95％CI:0.67-0.84;girls:RR =0.77,95％CI:0.68-0.88).The primary and recurrent detection rates of anemia were 14.58％ and 2.54％.The anemia among students was mainly detected during the first examination despite the differences in ages,schools and nutrition conditions (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of anemia among primary school students in Minhang District is at a mild level.Control measures should be adopted,including monitoring of hemoglobin in all school children and adolescents,taking individual intervention measures based on results,promoting the health education for adolescent girls and parents of school children,and paying special attention to Hope School and students with recurrent and continuous anemia.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between eating habits and childhood obesity by the method of cross-sectional survey in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of childhood obesity.Methods We enrolled first-year students in Minhang District of Shanghai who participated in physical examination in 2014.Information was obtained from standardized face to face interviews of their parents or guardians with detailed questions on demographic characteristics,dietary habit,food preference,physical activity,sleep time and so on.Odds ratio (OR) and 95％ CI were calculated by unconditional Logistic regression models.Results Finally,5 752 students were enrolled in the study.The rate of obesity was 15.16％ (boys:18.35％;girls:11.83％) and the rate of over weight was 14.31％ (boys.:15.15％;girls:13.43％).Meat-based diet (OR=1.58,95％ CI:1.32-1.91),skipping breakfast (OR =1.87,95％ CI:1.01-3.46),eating too much caffeine-containing food (OR =1.66,95％ CI:1.09-2.51) and eating fast (OR:3.32-14.95) were associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity.Plant-based diet (OR =0.51,95％ CI:0.35-0.74) and choosy in food (OR:0.38-0.64) were associated with a decreased risk of childhood obesity.Besides,we found that children who preferred meat (OR =2.11,95％CI:1.42-3.14) and cured food (OR =1.42,95％ CI:1.05-1.92) had a higher risk of obesity.Conclusions Our results support the association between eating habits and childhood obesity.
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Objective To analyze malnutrition epidemiologic trend among students aged 6-18 years from 2010 to 2016 in Minhang district of Shanghai,and to provide reference for malnutrition prevention and treatment.Methods Physical examination data from healthy monitoring schools in Minhang District from 2010 to 2016 were used to screened out the malnutrition of students aged 6-18 years via National standard 2014 and analyzed the different type of malnutrition in different population.Results During the period of 2010 to 2016,malnutrition rate of students demonstrated a fluctuated trend.Malnutrition rate in 2010 was 4.0％ and 4.4％ in 2016.The major type of malnutrition is wasting with a proportion more than 88％ during these years.Rate of wasting increased from 3.5％ to 7.8％ in boys aged 13-18 years old and from 1.3％ to 3.9％ in girls aged 13-18 years old.Conclusions The malnutrition of students in Minhang District is under control,while the screening rate of wasting increased in students aged 13-18 years old.Intensified intervention of prevention and treatment should be administrated and integrated with obesity control in Minhang District of Shanghai.
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Objective To analyze the epidemic features of anemia among students aged 6-11 years old in Minghang District,to provide basis for the control and prevention strategies of anemia among school students.Methods Surveillance on hemoglobin concentration was conducted among 42 872 students aged from 6 to 11 years old between 2012 and 2015.All data analyses were completed by SPSS 18.0 statistical software.Results The prevalence rate of anemia among school students 6-11 years old was 5.05％ (95％CI:4.84-5.26).The prevalence rate of anemia among girls was 5.28％,which was significantly higher than that 4.84％ among boys (x2 =4.24,P =0.037).Six-year-old boys and girls were most susceptible to anemia.Compared to students in Hope Schools,public school students are more vulnerable to anemia (boys:OR =2.37,95 ％ CI:2.03-2.76;girls:OR =2.08,95 ％ CI:1.74 -2.49).Overweight and obese students had a lower risk of anemia than average students (boys:OR =0.65,95 ％ CI:0.55-0.76;girls:OR =0.75,95 ％ CI:0.61-0.92).The three-year cumulative incidence of anemia was 12.80％ (95 ％CI:12.49-13.12).The cumulative incidence among girls was 14.52％,which was significantly higher than that of 11.28％ among boys (x2 =100.26,P＜0.001).Six-year-old boys have the highest three-year cumulative risk among all students,while 10-11-year-old girls have the highest three-year cumulative incidence.The risk of anemia in Hope School was found highest in all schools (boys:RR =1.93,95％CI:1.72-2.16;girls:RR =1.20,95 ％CI:1.04-1.39).Overweight and obesity were considered protective factors to anemia (boys:RR =0.75,95％CI:0.67-0.84;girls:RR =0.77,95％CI:0.68-0.88).The primary and recurrent detection rates of anemia were 14.58％ and 2.54％.The anemia among students was mainly detected during the first examination despite the differences in ages,schools and nutrition conditions (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The prevalence of anemia among primary school students in Minhang District is at a mild level.Control measures should be adopted,including monitoring of hemoglobin in all school children and adolescents,taking individual intervention measures based on results,promoting the health education for adolescent girls and parents of school children,and paying special attention to Hope School and students with recurrent and continuous anemia.
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Objective To investigate the relationship between eating habits and childhood obesity by the method of cross-sectional survey in order to provide scientific basis for the prevention and intervention of childhood obesity.Methods We enrolled first-year students in Minhang District of Shanghai who participated in physical examination in 2014.Information was obtained from standardized face to face interviews of their parents or guardians with detailed questions on demographic characteristics,dietary habit,food preference,physical activity,sleep time and so on.Odds ratio (OR) and 95％ CI were calculated by unconditional Logistic regression models.Results Finally,5 752 students were enrolled in the study.The rate of obesity was 15.16％ (boys:18.35％;girls:11.83％) and the rate of over weight was 14.31％ (boys.:15.15％;girls:13.43％).Meat-based diet (OR=1.58,95％ CI:1.32-1.91),skipping breakfast (OR =1.87,95％ CI:1.01-3.46),eating too much caffeine-containing food (OR =1.66,95％ CI:1.09-2.51) and eating fast (OR:3.32-14.95) were associated with an increased risk of childhood obesity.Plant-based diet (OR =0.51,95％ CI:0.35-0.74) and choosy in food (OR:0.38-0.64) were associated with a decreased risk of childhood obesity.Besides,we found that children who preferred meat (OR =2.11,95％CI:1.42-3.14) and cured food (OR =1.42,95％ CI:1.05-1.92) had a higher risk of obesity.Conclusions Our results support the association between eating habits and childhood obesity.
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Histone deacetylase (HDAC) is a kind of protease,which plays an important role in the structural modification of chromosomes and the regulation of gene expression.Its excessive expression in cancer cells causes acetylation imbalance,which is closely related to the occurrence of tumor.The high efficiency and low toxicity of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) has been widely recognized as anti-tumor drug with the deepening of the study in epigenetics.It is expected to bring more breakthroughs in the treatment of tumor.
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Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis ( NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease with high mortality. Stud-ies have suggested that NEC are associated with prematurity and very?low birth weight, but the exact etiology and pathogen?esis has not been elucidated. Therefore, it is important to build an ideal NEC model to explore the pathogenesis and pre?vention measures of NEC to reduce the incidence and severity of NEC.
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Objective To determine the impact of dental nurses′knowledge sharing behavior and self-efficiency on professional identity. Methods A total of 88 dental nurses in Xiangyang were tested by Professional Identity Inventory for Nurse,Knowledge Sharing Behavior Scale and General Self-efficacy Scale. Results The mean score of professional identity was (5.60 ± 0.56) points, the mean score of knowledge sharing behavior was (2.59 ± 0.77) points, the mean score of general self-efficacy was (2.66 ± 0.46) points. Knowledge sharing behavior and self-efficiency were positively correlated with professional identity(r=0.626, 0.342, P<0.01). Regression analysis showed that the organizational communications, communities of practice, written contributions and general self-efficacy could explain 54.3% of the variance for dental nurses′professional identity. Conclusions Nursing managers should focus on the shortcomings of dental nurses′ knowledge sharing behavior and general self-efficacy, and promote interventions to enhance dental nurses′knowledge sharing behavior and general self-efficacy and improve the level of professional identity.
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OBJECTIVE: To investigate the risk factors associated with persistent thrombocytopenia after liver transplantation (LT), and to explore effective measures for prevention. METHODS: One hundred and twenty-eight adult patients, who received liver transplantation in our hospital between January 2009 and June 2012 and met the inclusive criteria, were enrolled in the study. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, including pre-LT spleen volume, main portal vein size, coronary vein size, platelet and white blood cell levels, total bilirubin level and model of end stage liver disease score. The risk factors associated with persistent thrombocytopenia after LT were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. The effect of simultaneous splenic artery coarctation for high risk patients was evaluated with χ2 test. RESULTS: Logistic regression analysis showed that per-LT spleen volume larger than 500 ml (P = 0.012, OR=2.789, 95%CI: 1.249-6.227) and portal vein size beyond 15 mm (P = 0.017, OR = 3.124, 95%CI: 1.230-7.933) were independent risk factors for persistent thrombocytopenia after LT. The incidence rate of persistent thrombocytopenia after LT in patients with or without simultaneous splenic artery coarctation were 16.7% (1/6) and 66.7% (32/48), respectively(P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Spleen volume larger than 500 ml and portal vein size beyond 15 mm are risk factors for persistent thrombocytopenia after LT. Simultaneous splenic artery coarctation may reduce the occurrence of persistent thrombocytopenia after LT.
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Transplante de Fígado/efeitos adversos , Trombocitopenia/epidemiologia , Adulto , Humanos , Tamanho do Órgão , Veia Porta/anatomia & histologia , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Baço/anatomia & histologiaRESUMO
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the risk factors associated with persistent thrombocytopenia after liver transplantation (LT), and to explore effective measures for prevention.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>One hundred and twenty-eight adult patients, who received liver transplantation in our hospital between January 2009 and June 2012 and met the inclusive criteria, were enrolled in the study. The clinical data were retrospectively analyzed, including pre-LT spleen volume, main portal vein size, coronary vein size, platelet and white blood cell levels, total bilirubin level and model of end stage liver disease score. The risk factors associated with persistent thrombocytopenia after LT were evaluated by logistic regression analysis. The effect of simultaneous splenic artery coarctation for high risk patients was evaluated with χ2 test.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Logistic regression analysis showed that per-LT spleen volume larger than 500 ml (P = 0.012, OR=2.789, 95%CI: 1.249-6.227) and portal vein size beyond 15 mm (P = 0.017, OR = 3.124, 95%CI: 1.230-7.933) were independent risk factors for persistent thrombocytopenia after LT. The incidence rate of persistent thrombocytopenia after LT in patients with or without simultaneous splenic artery coarctation were 16.7% (1/6) and 66.7% (32/48), respectively(P < 0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Spleen volume larger than 500 ml and portal vein size beyond 15 mm are risk factors for persistent thrombocytopenia after LT. Simultaneous splenic artery coarctation may reduce the occurrence of persistent thrombocytopenia after LT.</p>
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Adulto , Humanos , Transplante de Fígado , Tamanho do Órgão , Veia Porta , Estudos Retrospectivos , Fatores de Risco , Baço , Trombocitopenia , EpidemiologiaRESUMO
Cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs) induce inflammatory responses by activating their receptors, CysLT(1)R and CysLT(2)R. We recently reported that CysLT(2)R is involved in neuronal injury, astrocytosis and microgliosis after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Here, we determined whether HAMI 3379, a selective CysLT(2)R antagonist, protects against acute brain injury after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. We induced transient focal cerebral ischemia by 30 min of middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO), followed by 24h of reperfusion. HAMI 3379 (1, 10 or 100 ng) was injected intracerebroventricularly (i.c.v.) 30 min before MCAO, and the CysLT(1)R antagonist pranlukast (0.1mg/kg, i.p.) was used as a positive control. HAMI 3379 at 10 and 100 ng (but not at 1 ng) attenuated the neurological deficits, and reduced infarct volume, brain edema, IgG exudation, neuronal degeneration and neuronal loss. This protective effect was similar to that of pranlukast. Thus, HAMI 3339 at 10-100 ng i.c.v. is neuroprotective against acute brain injury after focal cerebral ischemia in rats. These findings suggest therapeutic potential for CysLT(2)R antagonists in the treatment of ischemic stroke.