RESUMO
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of surface treatments on zirconia-resin bonding and the effect of aging on bond durability for one year. METHOD: Three hundred and twenty zirconia blocks were divided into 4 equal study groups. Group 1 (control): as-sintered, group 2: (GB): grit-blasted, group 3: (LAS): laser-etched, group 4: (SIE): selective infiltration etching. Composite cylinders were bonded to the zirconia with resin cement and ceramic primer. Aging was performed following 3 different aging protocols: thermocycling, storage in distilled water, or storage in an enzymatic esterase solution. Micro-shear bond strength test (µSBS) was recorded using a universal testing machine. µSBS values were analyzed using two-way Analysis of Variance followed by Tukey post-hoc tests. Level of significance was set at 0.05. RESULTS: GB, LAS and SIE groups showed significantly higher values when compared to control. Groups GB, LAS and SIE reported a significant decrease up to 50% in µSBS after water storage and enzymatic degradation, while control group reported a 90% decrease. Failure analysis showed mainly adhesive failure for control group, while the percentage of cohesive failure in resin cement was higher in SIE group compared to GB and LAS groups. CONCLUSION: Water aging and esterase solutions played a significant role by increasing bond degradation. A minimum of one-year water and esterase storage medium should be used to evaluate the durability of the bond between resin cement and zirconia.
RESUMO
Purpose: The purpose of this laboratory study was to evaluate the effect of different surface treatment combinations on resin zirconia bonding. Materials and methods: One hundred and five pre-sintered zirconia quadrangles were prepared out of zirconia blocks, polished, then sintered and divided into five groups (n=21). Group I (control): samples were untreated, group II: grit-blasting with 50 µm alumina particles, group III: grit-blasting with 100 µm alumina particles, group IV: Er,Cr:YSGG laser, and group V: selective infiltration etching technique. Microstructural analysis was performed using scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy, a diffractometer, and a profilometer. Cylinders of composite resin were luted with Panavia resin composite cementand Clearfil ceramic primer. Shear bond strength (SBS) was determined using a universal testing machine. Results: SBS results were analyzed using one-way ANOVA followed by Tukey post hoc tests for multiple comparisons. The level of significance was set to 0.05. SBS values of the studied groups II, III, IV, and V were 16.2±1.8 MPa, 15.7±3.7 MPa, 14.8±3.4 MPa, and 16.8±3.0 MPa, respectively. All values were significantly higher than the control group (10.48±1.80 MPa), but without a significant difference between them. Group III exhibited the roughest surface, and Group I had a more significantly reduced surface roughness value than any other group. Group III presented the highest significant increase of tetragonal to monoclinic phase transformation (13%). Conclusion: The use of grit-blasting with greater particles size enhanced SBS with resin composite cement, but induced a higher amount of monoclinic phase transformation. The use of primer based on adhesive monomer with the resin cement is required to enhance the bonding efficiency. The use of laser enhanced the surface roughness and the bonding ability to zirconia.
