[Immunocorrective therapy of the traumatic syndrome]. / Immunokorrigiruiushchaia terapiia travmaticheskogo sindroma.

The effect of combined application of thymalin and plaferon in the prophylaxis and treatment of traumatic syndrome has been investigated in rats. The survival rate was taken as the criterion of efficiency, the mechanism of the effect obtained being estimated at the level of immunological protective factors. Traumatic shock was induced by Kennon's method in Wistar male rats weighing 200-250 g. Post-traumatic syndrome has been observed within 7 days. The combined application of thymalin and plaferon has increased the survival rate twice within the first 7 days. Immunomodulating effect of the combined application of thymalin and plaferon on the 7th day of traumatic syndrome was most marked at the level of total T-lymphocyte population, theophylline-sensitive T suppressors and lysozyme blood serum activity.

[Dynamics of changes in pulmonary catecholamine content and lipid fatty acid composition in traumatic shock]. / Dinamika izmenenii soderzhaniia katekholaminov i sostava zhirnykh kislot lipidov legkikh pri travmaticheskom shoke.

The content of noradrenaline in the lungs, pulmonary arteries and veins was found to be reduced at definite stages of traumatic shock. At the same time the level of oleic acids was decreased in pulmonary lipid fractions. The content of adrenaline rose in the pulmonary arteries and veins, and it was high in the blood collected from the right atrium as compared to the blood from the carotid artery. It is assumed that the changes in the content of fatty acids are linked with those occurring in lung catecholamine metabolism.

[Ultrastructural changes in the hepatic mast and plasma cells of pregnant rats with endotoxic shock]. / Ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia tuchnykh i plazmaticheskikh kletok pecheni beremennykh krys pri éndotoksinovom shoke.

Ultrastructural alterations in mast and plasma cells of pregnant rat liver were studied in the initial period of endotoxin shock. A significant increase in functional activity of mast and plasma cells and the presence of intercellular contacts and contacts with cells of perisinusoidal space were found. The data obtained suggest that endotoxin stimulates connective tissue cells, leading to the release of mediators and biologically active substances responsible for hepatic injury during endotoxemia.

[Electrophysiologic analysis of the function of various limbic system structures in experimental traumatic shock]. / Elektrofiziologicheskii analiz funktsional'nogo sostoianiia nekotorykh struktur limbicheskoi sistemy mozga v dinamike éksperimental'nogo travmaticheskogo shoka.

The thresholds of convulsive reaction and duration of epi-discharges in the dorsal hippocamp and basolateral amygdala exposed to high-frequency electrical stimulation were studied in experiments on cats with traumatic shock. The thresholds of convulsive reaction were found to be significantly increased and the duration of epi-discharges shortened. This indicates marked depression of the function of the structures under study in the course of the shock development.

[Ultrastructural changes in the kidney following a burn]. / Ul'trastrukturnye izmeneniia v pochke pri ozhogovoi bolezni.

The experimental data indicate that in the toxemic period of burn disease primarily affected is the filtering barrier, chiefly podocytes and the basal membrane. Proteinuria that frequently occurs in severe thermal injuries is first of all accounted for by alterations in the glomerular filter membrane. Moreover, proteinuria is aggravated to a certain measure by resorption deficiency of the canaliculi. Morphologically this deficiency appears as hyaline-drop or vacuolar degeneration.

[Features of the morphofunctional response of Peyer's patches in rats during the course of traumatic shock and the early post-shock period]. / Osobennosti morfofunktsional'noi reaktsii peierovykh bliashek krys v dinamike travmaticheskogo shoka i rannego posleshokovogo perioda.

The reaction of Peyer's patches to trauma manifests in: 1) vascular changes; 2) primary or stressor cells shifts recordable in traumatic shock, characterized by depletion of patch follicles by minor lymphocytes; 3) secondary changes associated with the onset of reparative processes; 4) the increased macrophagal activity detectable during the entire period of the traumatic shock and in the early post-shock period. It is suggested that changes seen may be due to endotoxin that penetrates from the intestine.

[Changes in ultrastructural synaptoarchitectonics induced by endotoxin]. / Izmeneniia ul'trastrukturnoi sinaptoarkhitektoniki, vyzvannye éndotoksinom.

The authors studied the ultrastructure of synapses of the dog sensory-motor cortex in response to intravenous injection of typhoid endotoxin. The most pronounced shifts were noted in the dendrite neuron apparatus. Activation in the cortical structures was connected with an increase in the number of functioning synapses and reconstruction of interneuronal connections. There was an increase in the length of the contacting membranes, and of the quantity of synaptic vesicles; the content of dense core vesicles is released. Depression is associated with dystrophic changes in the synapses.

[Ultrastructure of the adrenal medulla and blood catecholamine levels after exposure to thermal injury]. / Ul'trastruktura mozgovogo veshchestva nadpochechnikov i uroven' katekholaminov v krovi pri deistvii termicheskoi travmy.

A task was set to carry out electron microscope analysis of the adrenal gland medullary component and to compare with the biochemical data determinations of blood catecholamines during the burn shock. It was found that the response of the sympatho-adrenal system was phasic in character. During the erectile state of burn shock the elimination of adrenaline and noradrenaline took place, while during the torpid one further release of the granule content occurred exclusively on account of adrenaline. The distinctive moment of this period is intensification of the synthetic processes. It should be emphasized that the holocrine type of secretion prevailed after the burn, and just the latter led to the exhaustion of the adrenal medulla. Burn disease is characterized by processes coursing in the direction of restoration; however, catecholamine synthesis and secretion were less intensive than in healthy animals.

[Ultrastructural mechanisms of serotonin demyelination]. / Ul'trastrukturnye mekhanizmy serotoninovoi demielinizatsii.

The effect of serotonin on dog white matter ultrastructure in the CNS was investigated. The intracysternal injection of this amine (6 microgram in 0.1 ml of physiological saline) induced significant lesions in the myelin and glia of the spinal cord white matter areas adjacent to the cerebrospinal fluid tracts. A loss of the regular structure and stratification of the myelin lamellae, as well as rupture and lysis of the myelin membranes, and their demyelination occurred. There was vacuolar dystrophy of oligodendrocytes; the astrocytes remained practically unchanged. After local intracranial injection of this amine (2 microgram in 0.01 ml of physiological saline) similar lesions were observed in the white matter of the cerebral hemisphere; in addition signs of inflammatory reaction were revealed at the late period of investigation. In control animals injected with physiological saline the changes were observed later and in gliocytes only. A conclusion was drawn that serotonin was capable of injuring the myelin and glia.