Dermatoglyphic features in patients with multiple sclerosis.

OBJECTIVE: To examine dermatoglyphic features to clarify implicated genetic predisposition in the etiology of multiple sclerosis (MS). METHODS: The study was conducted between January and December 2013 in the Departments of Anatomy, and Neurology, Cumhuriyet University School of Medicine, Sivas, Turkey. The dermatoglyphic data of 61 patients, and a control group consisting of 62 healthy adults obtained with a digital scanner were transferred to a computer environment. The ImageJ program was used, and atd, dat, adt angles, a-b ridge count, sample types of all fingers, and ridge counts were calculated. RESULTS: In both hands of the patients with MS, the a-b ridge count and ridge counts in all fingers increased, and the differences in these values were statistically significant. There was also a statistically significant increase in the dat angle in both hands of the MS patients. On the contrary, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of dermal ridge samples, and the most frequent sample in both groups was the ulnar loop. CONCLUSION: Aberrations in the distribution of dermatoglyphic samples support the genetic predisposition in MS etiology. Multiple sclerosis susceptible individuals may be determined by analyzing dermatoglyphic samples.

The relationship between total calvarial thickness and diploe in the elderly / Relación entre el espesor total de la calvaria y diploe en ancianos

The aim of this study is the classification of the thickness of diploe, lamina externa, lamina interna and total calvarial thickness at different points of cranium in elderly men and women. In the radiology archive, measurements were made at different points in cranial MR images of 220 (110 females, 110 males) patients, the average ages of whom were 73.23 ± 8.40 (age range: 61-90) and who had no disorder of the bones. Diploe thickness, lamina externa, lamina interna and total calvarial thickness were measured in eight points of the calvaria. Midfrontal point, back and front bregma, lambda, opisthocranion and euryonpoints were used in the measurement. The data was loaded to SPSS 16.0 program. T-test, Mann-Whitney U, Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal Wallis variance analysis were used in the statistical assessment. Results with a p value smaller than 0.05 were accepted as significant. There was statistically significant difference in total cranial thickness between males and females in the right euryon point only. Average total calvarial thickness at right euryon point was higher in females (6.20 ± 0.78 mm) than in males (5.96 ± 0.68 mm) (p= 0.02). Average diploe thickness was higher in female than male except for point of bregma back (p<0.05). There was positive linear correlation between diploe thickness and age except for opisthocranion, right euryon and 1cm inferior to lambda. These results related to diploe thickness and cranium thickness may be leading in the determination of sex and age; surgical interventions to the cranium and bone graft choice and may increase the reliability of the operation.

El objetivo de este estudio fue clasificar el espesor del diploe, láminas externa e interna y el espesor craneal total en diferentes puntos del cráneo en hombres y mujeres ancianos. Desde el archivo de radiología se obtuvieron imágenes de RM craneales de 220 pacientes (110 mujeres y 110 varones), cuya edad media fue de 73,23±8,4 años (rango: 61 a 90 años), quienes no tenían ningún trastorno óseo. Se realizaron mediciones de espesor del diploe, láminas externa e interna, y el grosor de la bóveda craneal. Se utilizaron ocho puntos de la bóveda craneal en la medición: mediano frontal, bregma anterior y posterior, lambda superior e inferior, opistocranion y euryon derecho e izquierdo. Los datos fueron analizados mediante el programa SPSS 16.0. Para la evaluación estadística se utilizaron en las pruebas T-test, Mann-Whitney U, coeficiente de correlación de Pearson y Kruskal Wallis de análisis de varianza. Los resultados con un valor de p inferior a 0,05 se aceptaron como significativo. Sólo hubo diferencias estadísticamente significativas en el espesor total del cráneo entre hombres y mujeres en el punto euryon derecho. El promedio de espesor total de la bóveda craneal en el punto euryon derecho fue mayor en mujeres (6,20±0,78 mm) que hombres (5,96±0,68 mm) (p=0,02). El promedio de espesor del diploe fue mayor en mujeres que hombres, excepto para el punto de bregma posterior (p<0,05). Hubo una correlación lineal positiva entre el grosor diploe y edad, excepto para opistocranion, euryon derecho y 1 cm inferior a lambda. Estos resultados relacionados con el espesor del diploe y espesor craneal pueden ser relevantes para la determinación de sexo y edad; intervenciones quirúrgicas en el cráneo y la elección de injertos óseos, y puede aumentar la exactitud de la operación.

Magnetic resonance imaging mesencephalic tectum dimensions according to age and gender.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze and classify normal MRI tectum length and colliculus dimensions according to age and gender. METHODS: Tectum length and colliculus diameters were measured on the T1 midsagittal and axial cranial MR images in the radiology archive of 532 (344 women, 188 men) patients aged 37.36+/-21.49 (range: 4-91) years old on average, and with no disorders affecting the mesencephalic tectum. All 532 patients underwent clinical MR imaging of the cranium at the MRI Unit of Sivas Numune Hospital and Sivas Cumhuriyet University Hospital, Sivas, Turkey between February and December 2011. RESULTS: Although there was a positive linear correlation between tectum length and age, there was a negative correlation between the anteroposterior diameter of the colliculus superior and colliculus inferior and age (p<0.01). While tectum length (M3) increases with age, the anteroposterior diameter of the colliculus superior and inferior (M1 and M2) decreased (p<0.01). The colliculi were larger, and the tectum was longer in men. Although there was no difference in size between right and left superior colliculi, the left colliculus inferior was larger than the right one. CONCLUSION: In addition to the fact that normal mesencephalic tectum dimensions provide information on the brain development of individuals, they may also be beneficial for the detection and treatment of related pathologies.

Frontal lobe morphometry with MRI in a normal age group of 6-17 year-olds.

BACKGROUND: Morphometric data of the frontal lobe are important for surgical planning of lesions in the frontal lobe and its surroundings. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) techniques provide suitable data for this purpose. OBJECTIVES: In our study, the morphometric data of mid-sagittal MRI of the frontal lobe in certain age and gender groups of children have been presented. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In a normal age group of 6-17-year-old participants, the length of the line passing through predetermined different points, including the frontal pole (FP), commissura anterior (AC), commissura posterior (PC), the outermost point of corpus callosum genu (AGCC), the innermost point of corpus callosum genu (IGCC), tuberculum sella (TS), AGCC and IGCC points parallel to AC-PC line and the point such line crosses at the frontal lobe surface (FCS) were measured in three age groups (6-9, 10-13 and 14-17 years) for each gender. RESULTS: The frontal lobe morphometric data were higher in males than females. Frontal lobe measurements peak at the age group of 10-13 in the male and at the age group of 6-13 in the female. In boys, the length of FP-AC increases 4.1% in the 10-13 age group compared with the 6-9-year-old group, while this increase is 2.3% in girls. CONCLUSION: Differences in age and gender groups were determined. While the length of AGCC-IGCC increases 10.4% in adults, in children aged 6-17, the length of AC-PC is 11.5% greater than adults. These data will contribute to the preliminary assessment for developing a surgical plan in fine interventions in the frontal lobe and its surroundings in children.

Diploe thickness and cranial dimensions in males and females in mid-Anatolian population: an MRI study.

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is the classification of the thickness of diploe and dimensions of cranium at different points of cranium in men and women according to age groups. MATERIAL AND METHOD: In the radiology archive, measurements were made at different points in magnetic resonance (MR) images of 305 (188 females and 117 males) patients, the average ages of whom were 40.98±20.44 (age range: 4-90) and who had no disorder of the bones. To determine diploe thickness, midfrontal, back and front bregma, lambda, opisthocranion and euryon points were used in the measurement. As for the determination of cranial volume, distances between glabella-opisthocranion, basion-vertex, basion-opisthion, euryon-euryon, nasion-basion, nasion-bregma, bregma-lambda and lambda-opisthocranion were measured. The data were loaded to Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) 16.0 program. T-test, Mann-Whitney U, Pearson correlation coefficient and Kruskal-Wallis variance analysis were used in the statistical assessment. Results with a p value smaller than 0.05 were accepted as significant. RESULTS: There was a statistically significant positive correlation between age and diploe thickness in all measurement points. The diploe thickness was also increased with age (p<0.05). In all points, average diploe thickness was higher in age 61 and over than the other groups (p<0.001). At the same time, diploe thickness in parietal bones was lower than frontal and occipital bones in both sexes. According to craniometric results cranium in males was bigger (p<0.001). While the distance between glabella-opisthocranion increased in both sexes aged 61 and over, basion-vertex height decreased in women in the same group (p<0.05). Interestingly, there was no meaningful statistical difference among age groups in terms of maximum cranial width (p>0.05). Foramen magnum length decreased related to age in both men and women (p<0.001). CONCLUSION: These results related to diploe thickness and cranium dimension may be leading in the determination of sex and age; surgical interventions to the cranium and bone graft choice may increase the reliability of the operation.

Magnetic resonance imaging of the clivus and its age-related changes in the bone marrow.

BACKGROUND: The clivus is a bone region between dorsum cella and foramen magnum. It can be evaluated very clearly in routine brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) dueto its central location. OBJECTIVES: Quantitative and qualitative evaluation of the clivus and its changes according to age in a group of healthy people. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The transition of clival bone marrow to fatty marrow by the increasein age is examined by MRI in 105 men and 105 women who had no clival and bone marrow pathology on MRI. The clivus/pons, clivus/CSF intensity values and clival bone marrow imaging patterns according to age groups were prospectively evaluated using a 1.5 Tesla MR device. RESULTS: When age groups were individually compared, there were meaningful statistical differences both in men and women in terms of clivus/CSF and clivus/pons intensity ratios (both Ps < 0.05). Clivus/pons and clivus/CSF intensity ratios were found to be increased with age in all cases. The distribution of age groups according to stages in all individuals was statistically meaningful (P < 0.05). When the appearance patterns of both genders in every ten-fold age were examined, stage III bone marrow was observed more in elder ages. CONCLUSIONS: As a result, besides the fact that standard ranges determined for clivus/CSF, clivus/pons intensity ratios according to age may be used in the assessment of potential pathological cases involving bone marrow; they can also be leading in the diagnosis of bone marrow diseases when taken into consideration together with clinical and laboratory data.

A rare variation of the right middle suprarenal artery.

According to general knowledge, the suprarenal gland is supplied by three sources: the phrenic artery, the abdominal aorta and the renal artery. Since the gland lacks a hilus, and particularly because of its clinical importance, anatomical arterial sources and branching is still not uniform and it needs to be determined by detail. In this study, the right middle suprarenal artery arising from the right renal artery was observed on the right side of a 45-year-old male cadaver.