MicroRNA-29a and MicroRNA-124 as novel biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma.

BACKGROUND: Numerous microRNAs (miRNAs) have been observed to be abnormally expressed in cancer. Therefore, miRNA signatures could be potential noninvasive diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). AIMS: To correlate miRNA-29a and miRNA-124 expression levels with the clinical features and survival rates of HCC patients. METHODS: Serum miRNA expression in 150 samples (50 patients with HCC, 50 patients with liver cirrhosis, and 50 healthy controls) were quantified using real-time qRT-PCR. RESULTS: The expression levels of serum miRNA-29a were higher and the levels of miRNA-124 were lower in patients with HCC than in patients with liver cirrhosis and controls. ROC curve analysis showed promising accuracy for both miRNAs in distinguishing patients with HCC from those with liver cirrhosis. Levels of miRNA-29a were related to tumor number, size, stage, and outcome, whereas levels of miRNA-124 were related to vascular invasion. The overall survival rate of patients with low miRNA-29a expression was significantly higher than that of patients with high expression. Additionally, the multivariate analysis identified miRNA-29a as an independent prognostic variable. CONCLUSIONS: The investigated miRNAs showed acceptable accuracy in the diagnosis of HCC; therefore, both could be utilized as diagnostic biomarkers. Additionally, miRNA-29a could be used as a prognostic biomarker.

Immunological microenvironment gene expression in patients with diffuse large B cell non Hodgkin lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: Non Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) is one of the immune system cancers. The occurrence and progression of malignant lymphomas depends on cellular pathways deregulation. Understanding the relationship between the immune system at the genetic level and malignant transformation is critical to reach its etiology. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this work is to evaluate the expression of five immune related genes (PD-1, FOXP3, GrA, GrB and CD11c) in patients with diffuse large B cell non Hodgkin lymphoma (DLBCL). MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study was conducted on fifty patients with DLBCL and fifty sex and age matched apparently healthy subjects. The participants were subjected to these laboratory investigations: complete blood count, serum lactate dehydrogenase and ß2microglobulin (ß2M) levels and determination of PD-1, FOXP3, GrA, GrB and CD11c gene expressions. RESULTS: The results of this study revealed that PD-1, FOXP3, GrA, GrB and CD11c gene expressions were significantly increased in DLBCL patients. CONCLUSION: Patients with DLBCL have variablePD-1, FOXP3,GrA, GrB and CD11cgene expressions levels, which are correlated with the overall survival (OS) indicating that they can be good predictors of outcome in these patients.