RESUMO
Novel human astroviruses (HAstV) were discovered 10 years ago and have been associated with fatal cases of central nervous system infections. Their role in gastroenteritis is controversial, as they have been identified in symptomatic and asymptomatic subjects. The aim of the study was to investigate novel HAstV in a gastroenteritis case-control study including a pediatric population in Spain over a one-year period. We included stool samples from patients with gastroenteritis and negative results for viruses screened by routine diagnostics, and stool samples of control subjects who sought for a routine medical consultation. All samples were screened by real-time RT-PCR assays for novel HAstV. An additional screening for rotavirus, norovirus GI, GII, sapovirus, classic HAstV and adenovirus was also performed for the control group. Overall, 23/363 stool samples from case patients (6.3%) and 8/199 stool samples from control patients (4%) were positive for ≥1 novel HAstV. MLB1 was predominant (64.5% of positives). Seasonality was observed for the case group (p = 0.015), but not the control group (p = 0.95). No difference was observed in the prevalence of novel HAstV between the case and control groups (OR 1.78, 95% CI 0.68-5.45; p = 0.30). Nevertheless, MLB genome copy numbers/ml of fecal suspension was significantly higher in the control group than in the case group (p = 0.008). In our study, we identified a lack of association between novel HAstV and gastroenteritis in the studied population, which could indicate a potential role of reservoir for children, especially given the higher viral load observed in the asymptomatic group for some of them.
Assuntos
Infecções por Astroviridae/virologia , Diarreia/virologia , Genes Virais/genética , Mamastrovirus/genética , Estudos de Casos e Controles , Criança , Pré-Escolar , Diarreia/etiologia , Fezes/virologia , Feminino , Gastroenterite/etiologia , Gastroenterite/virologia , Dosagem de Genes/genética , Variação Genética/genética , Genótipo , Humanos , Lactente , Recém-Nascido , Masculino , Filogenia , Prevalência , Espanha , Carga Viral/genéticaRESUMO
En el presente artículo se describe un proyecto piloto colaborativo en el que participan un centro de atención primaria (EAP), un centro de desarrollo infantil y atención precoz (CDIAP) y un centro especializado en trastorno del espectro autista (TEA). El objetivo es la detección precoz del TEA en la consulta pediátrica para facilitar su derivación a los CDIAP lo antes posible. Los resultados muestran que ha habido un incremento del 70 % en la detección de niños/as y familias con riesgo de dificultades del desarrollo y que en un 80 % de los casos ha sido en los tres primeros años de vida. En referencia a la detección precoz del TEA observamos que el número de casos detectados se ha mantenido estable y que el trabajo colaborativo con el CDIAP mejora la sensibilización de los profesionales
This article describes a collaborative pioneer project among: the Primary Care Centre (PCC), the Child Development and Early Detection Centre (CDEDC) and the Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) Specialized Centre. Its objective is to detect ASD in its early phase, during the paediatric consultation, and to facilitate the patient's referral to the CDEDC as soon as possible. According to the latest results, an increase of 70 % of cases of children and families being at risk of developmental difficulties was registered. 80 % of the cases were detected in children who hadn't reached the age of three. In reference to the early detection of ASD, we observed that the detected number of cases remained stable and that professionals' awareness has increased due to the collaborative work with the CDEDC
En aquest treball es descriu un projecte pilot col·laboratiu en el qual participen un centre datenció primària (EAP), un centre de desenvolupament infantil i atenció precoç (CDIAP) i un centre especialitzat en trastorns de lespectre autista (TEA). Lobjectiu és la detecció precoç del TEA en la consulta pediàtrica per tal de facilitar la derivació als CDIAP al més aviat possible. Els resultats posen de manifest que hi ha hagut un increment del 70 % en la detecció dinfants i famílies amb risc de dificultats en el desenvolupament i que en un 80 % dels casos la detecció sha fet durant els primers tres anys de vida. En referència a la detecció precoç del TEA observem que el nombre de casos detectats sha mantingut estable i que el treball col·laboratiu amb el CDIAP ha millorat la sensibilització dels professionals
