[New localities for Phlebotomus mariae Rioux, Croset, Léger et Bailly-Choumara, 1974, in Morocco]. / Nouvelles stations de Phlebotomus mariae Rioux, Croset, Léger et Bailly-Choumara, 1974, au Maroc.

Phlebotomus mariae was first described in the South of Morocco in 1974. More specimens were found again recently in the High Atlas, showing that this species can be considered as a valid one, placed in the sub-genus Larroussius. The female remains to be found.

[Leishmania tropica in Morocco. IV--Intrafocal enzyme diversity]. / Leishmania tropica au Maroc. IV--Diversité isozymique intrafocale.

Ecoepidemiological analysis of a Moroccan focus of leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica revealed considerable enzymatic diversity. Seven zymodemes belonging to the complex were identified in 149 strains isolated from humans, dogs, and the vector Phlebotomus sergenti. Three distinct subgroups were identifiable, two of which were in turn, composed of three "small variant" zymodemes. The diversity appears to be related to the age of the focus, which may have allowed colonization by zymodemes of different geographic origins. Diversification into "small variants" is apparently the result of recent mutation, possibly associated with genetic exchange.

[Leishmania tropica in Morocco. III--The vector of Phlebotomus sergenti. Apropos of 89 isolates]. / Leishmania tropica au Maroc. III--Rôle vecteur de Phlebotomus sergenti. A propos de 89 isolates.

In a Moroccan focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis caused by Leishmania tropica, 7,907 female sandflies captured with CDC traps were dissected from summer to autumn 1989. Among species of the genus Phlebotomus, only P. sergenti harbored promastigotes. Eighty-nine strains belonging to the complex L. tropica were isolated. The frequency of vector infection was zero in June, rose to 1.3% in August, and reached 9.9% in October, which indicates that the period of high risk is at the end of the hot season. Out of 89 strains isolated, 74 were completely typed and corresponded to the following four zymodemes: MON-102 (one strain), MON-107 (56 strains), MON-122 (two strains), and MON-123 (15 strains). Only the first two were observed in humans. The distribution of zymodemes MON-102 and MON-107 was very different in humans, dogs, and the vector. In one of the sites surveyed, which was strongly dominated by MON-107, the absence of human cases involving this zymodeme suggests the existence of a wild reservoir.