[The impact of social economic factors and family dietary intake on health of children and adolescents].

The impact of social economic factors, digitalization, sanctions and quality of family diet is manifested in increasing effect of these factors on lifestyle, environment and health of children and adolescents. The surrounding reality affects their organism in formative way due to digitalization of various areas of activity. The consequences of pandemic, announced new sanctions of Western countries, environmental pollution and digitalization of life result in deterioration of life conditions and population health. The analysis of family diet of children and adolescents testifies negative tendency to deterioration of health of children in all age groups. This is becoming a predominant factor negatively impacting quality of human potential: population health, abilities to master and implement professional skills, individual culture level and education, etc. The children from low-income families find oneself in group of special risk. Their diet usually does not meet approved physiological and medical biological standards. In conditions of sanction pressure from Western countries the poor households include even more often average family, even with one child. The birth of children very often diminish possibility of liveable existence of members of such families and decreases standard of living of household as a whole. The most vulnerable group become poor and low-income families where three or more juvenile children are brought up. The Western sanctions have disastrous effect on household incomes, aggravate problems of poverty, especially in large families. The investigation and comparative analysis of key characteristics of families diet, social economic factors affecting health of children and adolescents in the context of digitalization, demonstrated the need in reducing negative impact on their health and changing diet to more balanced and diversified one.

[The female health: status, causes of deterioration, measures of improvement].

The deterioration of health status of female population is recognized as one of the important medical social problems. On its resolution depends reproduction of population and improvement of social demographic indices in the Russian Federation. The female health can be considered as one of the indices of physical, spiritual and social well-being of family. One of significant aspects of considering importance of female health status is her attitude to issues of her own health. The situation is aggravated by increase of asocial behavior in young women, accompanied by decreasing of quality of life and significant loss of moral values. Besides, organization of treatment and prevention measures for early detection and reduction of gynecological morbidity does not meet modern requirements. The economic conditions and ecological situation negatively contribute to deterioration of female health. Such social factors as lack of work or threat of losing it, low per capita income, inadequate housing and poor-quality nutrition, harmful habits deteriorate health status of female population. The status of one's own health and disease prevention are in last place in female population. In modern conditions, due to employment overload, women pay no due attention to their own health, do not undergo medical examinations, rarely visit physicians as study results confirm. The female health protection is facilitated not only by medical and diagnostic measures, but also by wide range of preventive activities, formation of healthy lifestyle, favorable conditions for education, work and life, legal and social support of women during child-bearing and child-rearing. The female health protection goes far beyond scope of medical problem and requires corresponding management decision-making and inter-departmental measures on legal and financial support of motherhood and childhood. Therefore, protection and promotion of female health, including reproductive health, are necessary conditions of achieving national security and improving demographic indices of the Russian Federation.

[The personnel support of medical organizations in the Republic of Bashkortostan].

The article considers the problem of personnel support of medical organizations. The Russian health care system cumulated many serious personnel problems, including low level of personnel planning, deficiency of many categories of workers, serious disproportions in personnel structure, low professional level of significant percentage of physicians. The article analyses dynamics of quantitative structure of physicians and paramedical personnel in Russian in 2004-2015 with the purpose of comprehensive evaluation of medical personnel support of modern health care system. The analysis of statistical data demonstrated that during last years a trend of decreasing of number of physicians and paramedical personnel in Russia occurred. In the Republic of Bashkortostan number of physicians also decreased during the analyzed period. The trends of decreasing were established as to paramedical personnel. The low level of salary of physicians and other categories of health care workers is a key factor of deficiency of medical professionals. These results testify the necessity of alteration of actual system of regulation and payment of functioning of physicians and paramedical personnel. The revision of modem model of financing of national health care system is inevitably related to significant shortage of state public costs in recent years. To increase efficiency of financial investments and achievement of better quality of rendered medical care conversion of primary health care to capitation financing principle consisting in allocation of financial funds per every treated patient. At this approach, workers of medical institutions acquire material commitment in total convalescence of patient ере increases quality of medical care. The efficient development of forms of insurance medicine also have to do with measures of financial policy in health care system.

[The Rational Diet of Children in Family as a Factor of Population Health].

The article considers issues concerning limitation of consumption of foodstuff in families with children. It is emphasized that problem of rational diet of population has a marked social value and relates to quality and longevity of human life and human health. The practical experience demonstrates that children diet in families with lower income does not correspond to established modern medical biological standards. Frequently, the category of such households covers statistically average family with one or several children born and hence quality of life of these households drastically deteriorated. The poor and low-income population is limited in foodstuff consumption. The article presents the analysis of nutrition and energy value of diet in all types of examined families. It is emphasized that in households with one or two children the nutrition value of foodstuff is significantly lower than in households with many children. However, in families with few children diet includes high content of fats that is an important factor of development of obesity in growing generation. In families with many children the diet is characterized by lower consumption of protein, including animal one. The inadequate and "poor" type of diet results in increasing of protein-calorie deficiency шт families with many children. In households with children the diet does not correspond to standards of cost of living according food substances. Therefore, modern Russian family with more than one child, is characterized by deficiency of energy value of diet per every its member. The increasing of number of children in family significantly decreases quality of diet of its members. Accordingly, quality of diet in families with one child is higher than in families households with to and more children.

[Nutrition of children in modern Russian family: social and economic aspect].

The aim of this article is to study the problem of the nutritional status of children in a modern Russian family. This work is based on the analysis of statistical data of the results of a sample survey of households' budgets, reflecting the interrelationship between the standard of living of the Russian family and children, its material wealth, the possibility of high quality, high-grade nutrition for all its members, especially children. The standard of living, the share of food expenditure, the consumption of basic food groups, the nutritive and energy value of diets in households with children (a family with one child, two, three or more children) were studied. The article discusses the issues related to the limited consumption of various food products in families with children. There is an increase in consumption of bread products and potatoes, as well as sugar and confectionery products in all types of households with children, but especially in large families, while reducing the consumption of other groups of products. The paper presents an analysis of the nutritive and energy value of the diet in all types of families surveyed. It is emphasized that in households with one or two children the nutritive value of the diet is significantly higher than in large families. In the diet of large families there is a lackof protein (11.8% of calories). The fat content in the diet of families with children exceeds the recommended level (34.8-36.6% of calories). In general, the quality of nutrition in families with one child is higher than in households with two or more children. The nutritional status of children in families with low incomes, which often include the average family with the birth of a child, especially several, does not correspond to the medical and biological standards approved for modern society. Obviously, the higher is living standard of the population, the lower is the share of expenditure on food, and vice versa. With the advent of children, the living standard of a household decreases. Thus, according to official data, the share of food expenditures in families with children in 2016 was 34.4% of the family budget for families raising one child, 36.9% for families raising two children, 40.1% for households with three or more children. Accordingly, the lower is the living standard of the family, the less they spend on maintaining the health of children, their education and recreation. The paper emphasizes that the problem of rational nutrition of the population has a pronounced social and economic significance and belongs to the global categories that play a significant role in ensuring the quality of life of a person, maintaining his health and longevity of life.