The role of FTO variant rs1421085 in the relationship with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: Fat mass and obesity-associated (FTO) is considered the first locus associated with adiposity, a concerning health problem worldwide. Many studies have evaluated the relationship between the FTO variants and obesity susceptibility. While the strong association of FTO rs1421085 with the risk of obesity across populations was reported in different studies, some researchers found a lack of association of this variant with adiposity. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to assess the association between obesity and rs1421085 polymorphism. METHODS: We systematically searched PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar up to June 2022 to find pertinent studies. To further assess this issue, we surveyed the probable association of rs1421085 with obesity development among Iranian adults using the logistic regression analysis, and the obtained results were used for doing meta-analysis. After selection, nine eligible studies were included in the meta-analysis through the random- and fixed-effect models to determine the combined odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: According to our meta-analysis conducted on 5169 obese and 7772 non-obese individuals using different genetic models, including recessive, dominant, over-dominant, and additive, rs1421085 could positively increase the risk of obesity under all tested genetic models. Also, we detected a high to moderate level of heterogeneity among different studies under various genetic models. CONCLUSION: This meta-analysis further verified the positive association of FTO rs1421085 with the risk of developing obesity. STUDY REGISTRATION: This study is registered as PROSPERO CRD42021220092. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level I, systematic reviews and meta-analyses.

Estimating the cure proportion of colorectal cancer and related factors after surgery in patients using parametric cure models.

AIM: This study aimed to estimate the cure proportion and effects of related factors on colorectal cancer in Iranian patients after surgery. BACKGROUND: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most commonly diagnosed cancer and the fourth leading cause of cancer death. The relative survival of CRC varies worldwide given the quality of care, including surgical techniques. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study was conducted on 490 patients, aged 20-94 years, with colorectal cancer. All the colorectal cancer patients undergoing surgery in Faghihi hospital, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences were prospectively followed-up for 8 years from 2008 to March 8, 2016. We used parametric cure model (mixture and non-mixture) to estimate the cure proportion and the adjusted hazard ration (HR) for colorectal cancer mortality after surgery. Data were analyzed by the "flexsurvcure" package in R software (version 3.4.2). RESULTS: The median age of patients was 57.5 (interquartile range =18) years. Specifically, 56.33% of the patients were male. The median time of follow-up in patients was 618 days. The cumulative survival proportion varied from 0.90 to 0.49 which indicated a reduction followed by a flat line in the probability of survival by sex. The flexible survival for adjusted cure proportion (%) was 68.3. Only obesity was associated with a decreased risk of mortality (HR=0.34; 95% CI: 0.12-0.97). CONCLUSION: The overall eight-year survival proportion and adjusted cure proportion for CRC were 49% and 68.3%, respectively. Knowing the cure proportion and its related factors in patients with CRC, better services can be provided. Thus, early detection and screening strategies are required to reduce mortality and increase survival of patients.