[Prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum among children of less than 5 years of age in the urban zone of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, 1996]. / Prevalência do Cryptosporidium parvum em crianças abaixo de 5 anos, residentes na zona urbana de Campo Grande, MS, Brasil, 1996.

The purpose of this study was to establish the prevalence of Cryptosporidium parvum among infants of less than 5 years of age, resident in the urban area of Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul State, Brazil, 1996/97, through parasitological examinations and epidemiological analysis of the diagnosed cases. It was a transverse study with domiciliary inquiry and we evaluated 1051 fecal samples processed by the Blagg method, and a modified Ziehl-Neelsen staining was used for research of oocysts of C. parvum. We can concluded that the prevalence of C. parvum (1.1%) was not statistically significant; 58.3% of the children with positive diagnosis presented diarrhea, suggesting an association between this sign and the presence of the parasites; C. parvum was more frequent among children aged between 25 to 36 months (50%), but this was not statistically significant; sex did not have a differential role in relation to the cryptosporidiosis; out of the 12 children with cryptosporidiosis, 10 had contact with domestic animals (dogs and or cats).

Evolution of chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis toward spondylarthropathy over the long term.

OBJECTIVE: To retrospectively assess, with a sufficiently long followup (mean 11.6 years; median 9 years), the long-term outcome of chronic recurrent multifocal osteitis (CRMO), a multifocal, inflammatory bone disease. METHODS: Patients included were 8 children/adolescents and 7 adults with no family history of rheumatic disease who had been diagnosed as having CRMO between 1979 and 1995. Ten patients had undergone at least 1 bone biopsy of the lesions, with histologic examination and multiple cultures. In 1996, in addition to an in-depth interview, 12 patients underwent an extensive physical examination, laboratory evaluation, HLA-A, B, C, and DR typing, bone radiography and scintigraphy, and computed tomography scan of the sternoclavicular and sacroiliac joints. RESULTS: Remission was observed in 3 patients. The other 12 patients developed various associations of vertebral (n = 10), sacroiliac (n = 6), anterior thoracic (n = 7), peripheral articular (n = 2), enthesopathic (n = 4), or dermatologic (palmoplantar pustulosis in 3 cases and psoriasis in 2) involvements. Spine involvement was the most common and occurred the earliest (median time to appearance after the onset of osteitis 5.63 years). Clinical sacroiliitis was always unilateral. No patients carried the HLA-B27 haplotype. CRMO responded well to nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs. Twelve patients met the European Spondylarthropathy Study Group criteria for spondylarthopathy. CONCLUSION: After 10 years, CRMO had usually evolved to spondylarthropathy, but with certain features not usually seen in the latter: predominantly, unilateral sacroiliitis, no familial form, and no link with HLA-B27.