Development of a computer-aided design software for the quantitative evaluation of aesthetic damage.

Concerns associated with the assessment of aesthetic damage or injury raise critical difficulties, such as the scarcity of methodology and standardization that may result in fundamental precepts to establish impartial forms of compensation and aiming the total reparation of bodily injury. The complexity of the aesthetic damage evaluation is associated with the confluence of legal and technical perspectives and expert subjectivity while conducting examination and writing a report. Experts face additional difficulties associated with the objectivity while assessing aesthetic damage, independently on its location or expert skills, due to complex details observed in these lesions. Another situation in the clinical area, doctors (mainly plastic surgeons) and dentists could show the improvement or not, of the aesthetic condition to the patients. In health related areas, the use of information technology has contributed to increase the number of appropriate diagnoses, besides promoting quality, efficiency and satisfaction to health care providers. In order to make this assessment more objective, a technological tool was developed to aid experts in the evaluation of aesthetic damage and report elaboration. The objective was to develop computer-aided design software for aesthetic damage quantification/evaluation that is accessible via internet to be applied as a complementary report on body aesthetic damage. The software uses as a parameter the AIPE method, translated transculturally from Spanish to Portuguese and English. The present study allowed the construction of open access auxiliary software for the evaluation of corporal aesthetic damage. Its use is facilitated by intuitive and interactive filling, and the text may be customized by the user. It transforms the report into PDF and saves all evaluations already done in its own file. Information is encrypted for added security and confidentiality. The software is available on website at https://www.aestheticdamage.com.

Como justificar a ausência de dano estético? Relato de perícia civil odontológica / How to justify the absence of aesthetic injury? Civil dentistry expertise court report

Introdução: A perda do patrimônio estético da pessoa é entendida como a alteração da complexa imagem que podemos perceber por qualquer dos sentidos, também definida como qualquer irregularidade física ou alteração corporal externa, visível e permanente que pressuponha fealdade ostensiva ao visualizar o ofendido. O valor dessas indenizações tem sido fixado por arbitramento dos magistrados, com base no laudo pericial e de acordo com as circunstâncias do caso, já que não existe, ainda, dispositivo legal estabelecendo parâmetros objetivos a respeito. Objetivo: O presente trabalho objetiva relatar um caso pericial em que foi aplicada uma metodologia que permite objetivar a impressão e o impacto do prejuízo estético proposta por Plana (2010), mostrando as razões pelas quais não houve dano estético. Relato de Caso: apresentou-se uma perícia civil onde foi solicitada a avaliação de danos estéticos em um periciado masculino de 68 anos, o qual relatou uma queda em um estabelecimento comercial. No trauma, verificou-se um ferimento corto contuso no lábio inferior e, posteriormente, através de imagens radiográficas, a fratura de dentes. Foi mostrada a comparação do avaliado antes e depois do trauma e verificada e ausência de dano estético. Discussão: a utilização de parâmetros objetiváveis pelos peritos e assistentes técnicos na valoração do dano estético são fundamentais para responder, justificar e esclarecer adequadamente a justiça. O cirurgião-dentista, quando investido no papel de avaliador, deve se encontrar atualizado sobre as abordagens existentes, realizar uma descrição pormenorizada e padronizada das lesões, bem como estar atento para indicar uma visão completa da pessoa a autoridade requisitante, uma vez que nem toda sequela decorrente de trauma remeterá a dano estético com possibilidade de valoração e indenização.

Introduction: The loss of the aesthetic worth of the person is understood as the change in the complex image that we can perceive in any of the senses, also defined as any physical irregularity or external body alteration, visible and permanent that presuppose overt ugliness while viewing the offended. The value of these indemnifications has been fixed by arbitration of judges, based on expert opinion and according to the circumstances of the case, since there is no legal dispositive yet establishing objective parameters about it. Objective: This study reports an expert case in which a methodology that allows to objectify the impression of the damage impact proposed by Plana (2010) was applied, showing the reasons why there was no aesthetic damage. Case Report: a male, 68 years old, presented himself in a civilian expertise where we requested the assessment of cosmetic damage, which reported a drop in a shop. Radiographic images showed a cut blunt injury to the lower lip and then the fractured teeth at the trauma. A comparison of the person evaluated before and after trauma was shown, and the absence of aesthetic damage was verified. Discussion: the use of concise parameters by the experts and technical assistants in the valuation of the aesthetic damage is essential to respond, justify and clarify adequately the law. The dentist when acting as an evaluator, must be up to date on current existing approaches, conduct a detailed and standardized description of the lesions and be alert to indicate a complete view of the person to the requesting authority, since not every trauma sequel refers to aesthetic injury with the possibility of valuation and compensation.

Maquiagem como estratégia de ensino e pesquisa em Odontologia Legal: relato de experiência / Moulage as teaching and research strategy in Forensic Dentistry: experience report

O ensino da valoração de danos odontológicos pós-traumáticos é ministrado, em muitas situações, de forma teórica e ilustrativa com imagens projetadas, distanciando o aluno da vivência prática desse conteúdo. Por esse motivo, a simulação de lesões por meio de maquiagem pode auxiliar o ensino desse tema e também pesquisas, considerando, por exemplo, a necessidade de comparar a vítima de trauma com o seu estado anterior. O objetivo deste artigo é relatar uma experiência docente junto à graduação em Odontologia na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo, evidenciando o potencial uso da simulação realística com maquiagem no ensino da valoração de danos póstraumáticos e incitando a possível utilização em pesquisas na área de Odontologia Legal. Trata-se de uma metodologia inovadora, com perspectiva promissora no campo da Odontologia Legal (AU).

In many situations, the teaching of the posttraumatic dental damages valuation is carried out in a theoretical and illustrative way using projected images, distancing the student from the practical experience of this course. For this reason, simulated lesions using moulage can help to teach this topic, as well as in research in the field, considering, for example, the need to compare the trauma victim with his previous condition. The objective of this article is to report a teaching experience with the undergraduate Dental degree program, Universidade de São Paulo, highlighting the potentiality of realistic simulation with moulage in teaching valuation of posttraumatic injuries and encouraging its possible application in Forensic Dentistry research. This is an innovative methodology, showing a promising perspective in the field of Forensic Dentistry (AU).

Carrea` s method application to estimate stature in individuals using teeth measures in brazilian population

AIM: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a methodology to estimate the stature in orthodontically treated individuals using odontometric data obtained from digitalized 3-dimensional image. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The sample consisted of 46 Brazilian people from the southern of the country, aged between 22 and 37 years and divided into two groups; group 1 (control) composed by 24 individuals with no orthodontic treatment and adequate alignment of the six anterior mandibular teeth and group 2 (experimental) composed by 22 individuals with crowding of the anterior mandibular teeth before the orthodontic treatment (Group 2A) and after orthodontic alignment (Group 2B). The odontometric data was obtained from their digitalized cast models. Mathematical formulas were used to obtain the stature range between the minimum and maximum estimated stature. RESULTS: The descriptive analysis of the percentage of people with real stature within the estimated stature range showed an average between the right and left hemiarchs of 44%, 75% and 52% for groups 1, 2A and 2B, respectively. CONCLUSION: It was concluded that this method can be used for the stature estimation in orthodontically treated patients but as an auxiliary tool together with other methodologies.

O conhecimento de usuários de serviços públicos de saúde envolvidos em pesquisas clínicas sobre seus direitos / Knowledge of their rights by health public services users involved in clinical research

O presente trabalho avaliou, por questionário e entrevistas pessoais, no período de maio a setembro de 2004, 50 usuários de serviços públicos envolvidos em pesquisas clínicas, nas unidades de saúde do âmbito da Secretaria Municipal de Saúde (SMS), do município de São Paulo, e na Faculdade de Odontologia da Universidade de São Paulo (FOUSP). Foram colhidos: a opinião deles sobre a experiência da voluntariedade nos experimentos de que participaram, o motivo de terem contribuído com essas pesquisas e o grau de conhecimento sobre seus direitos como sujeitos de pesquisa, de acordo com a determinação da Resolução CNS n° 196/96, diretriz brasileira que regulamenta as pesquisas que envolvem seres humanos. O estudo observou que, passados dez anos da entrada em vigor dessa resolução, o processo de obtenção do consentimento ainda carece de cuidados. Os participantes não são efetivamente esclarecidos ou não entendem o que lhes foi proposto.