The role of trophic, mutualistic, and competitive interactions in an industrial symbiosis process implementation: an ecological network perspective.

For both government and private institutions, the development of collaboration networks becomes an element of great importance for the implementation of related policies such as the circular economy and sustainable practices in manufacturing. Despite the above, such initiatives have not received as much attention in literature but have been decisive as both public and private initiatives. Initiatives in Latin America do not escape this scenario, especially in the creation of conditions that allow the promotion of approaches such as industrial symbiosis. In this way, the present research is aimed at identifying the role of trophic, mutualistic, and competitive interactions in an industrial symbiosis process implementation. A network analysis model is used to achieve this purpose. This technique allows us to know the degree of importance of the different actors that are part of a network, as well as the factors that determine the implementation of initiatives such as industrial symbiosis. Among the results are that empirical findings confirm the presence of trophic interactions that enhance resource efficiency, mutualistic interactions fostering collaboration and synergy, and competitive interactions promoting efficiency and dynamism. Additionally, a green culture, business size, and innovation activities are revealed as influential factors amplifying network dynamics.

The effects of cultural dimensions on export performance: Vietnam and Colombia cases.

This research focuses on the moderation effects of Hofstede's cultural dimension that influence the relation between ambidextrous leadership and export performance in Born Global Firms in two countries with different cultural characteristics, Vietnam and Colombia. We collected the data from 800 exporting firms in two countries, Colombia and Vietnam, that are characterised by their having begun international operations in the first three years of being Born Global. The results demonstrate that ambidextrous leadership has a positive impact on export performance. Additionally, the dimensions of uncertainty avoidance and indulgence moderate the relation between ambidextrous leadership and export performance, while long-term orientation does not affect the relationship.