Relationships, Decisions, and Physical Effort in the Marro Traditional Sporting Game: A Multimodal Approach.

The purpose of this study was to examine the players' decisions-making in Marro (a Traditional Sporting Game) through a multimodal approach. Each player's decision-making assumes specific accelerations and decelerations associated with different effort. The research objectives were: (i) to study the decision-making associated with the roles of Hunter and Hare; (ii) to know the physical effort by the roles (Hunters and Hares); (iii) to reveal T-Patterns in the multimodal strategic approach (integrated with decisions and different physical effort) with a direct incidence on the scoring by roles. The study was performed with 22 male and 2 female players aged 18 to 25 (M = 19.4; SD = 1.3). The Marro game was played by two groups for eight minutes. An observational methodology was used, through a type III design. The observational design was nomothetic, one-time, and multidimensional. An 'ad hoc' tool was built to ensure the data quality. Univariate analyses were performed using Crosstabs Command, with adjusted residuals (AR), Classification Trees (Chaid model) and T-Pattern Analysis (TPA). Significant differences were found between matches using the scoring (p < 0.001; ES = 0.26), role (p < 0.001; ES = 0.31), or the organic variables of the study, the speed (p < 0.001; ES = 0.73), the metabolic power and the acceleration/deceleration the speed (p = 0.023; ES = 0.43), while the predictive model pointed to the variable role (p < 0.001) as the main factor responsible for the model growth. TPA (p < 0.005) revealed differences attributable to internal logic in the yellow (first match) and orange (second match) teams, while organic variables were more changeable in the violet (first match) and green (second match) teams. This study advances the individualization of the decision-making process. These results may be useful to better understand the internal of functioning of the Marro game 360° since the use of various methodologies and variables (multimodal approach) provided original findings.

Teaching for understanding the internal logic of sports: a perspective based on teaching games for understanding and motor praxiology / Ensino para compreensão da lógica interna dos esportes: uma perspectiva baseada em teaching games for understanding e praxiologia motriz / Enseñanza para la comprensión de la lógica interna de los deportes: una perspectiva basada en teaching games for understanding y praxiología motriz

Abstract This essay aimed to propose a perspective of Teaching for Understanding (TGfU) the Internal Logic of sports from the methodological structure of TGfU and knowledge about internal logic of Motor Praxiology (MP). Considering specific criteria for literature review, 18 articles were selected that supported the theoretical discussion. Methodological aspects of TGfU and the main concepts of MP were presented, which enabled the theoretical articulation proposed in this essay. As main contributions from the perspective of Teaching for Understanding Internal Logic, didactic tools were structured to mediate the teaching-learning process from the subject/environment relationship. In addition, a methodological systematization was proposed to organize the pedagogical practice for the development of Teaching for Understanding Internal Logic. Finally, it contextualizes the need for further studies that seek to identify how this perspective helps teachers in the teaching-learning process of sports.

Resumo Este ensaio teve por objetivo propor uma perspectiva de Ensino para Compreensão da Lógica Interna dos esportes a partir da estrutura metodológica do Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) e dos conhecimentos sobre lógica interna da Praxiologia Motriz. Considerando critérios específicos para revisão de literatura, foram selecionados 18 artigos que subsidiaram a discussão teórica. Foram apresentados aspectos metodológicos do TGfU e os principais conceitos da Praxiologia Motriz, que possibilitaram a articulação teórica proposta neste ensaio. Como principais contribuições da perspectiva de Ensino para Compreensão da Lógica Interna, foram estruturadas ferramentas didáticas para mediação do processo de ensino-aprendizagem a partir da relação sujeito/ambiente. Além disso, foi proposta uma sistematização metodológica para organização da prática pedagógica para desenvolvimento do Ensino para Compreensão da Lógica Interna. Por fim, contextualiza-se a necessidade de novos estudos que busquem identificar como essa perspectiva auxilia professores no processo de ensino-aprendizagem dos esportes.

Resumen Este ensayo tuvo como objetivo proponer una perspectiva de Enseñanza para la Comprensión de la Lógica Interna de los deportes a partir de la estructura metodológica del Teaching Games for Understanding (TGfU) y de los conocimientos sobre lógica interna de la Praxiología Motriz. Con criterios específicos para revisión de literatura, se seleccionaron 18 artículos que sustentaron la discusión teórica. Se presentaron aspectos metodológicos de TGfU y los principales conceptos de la Praxiología Motriz, que posibilitaron la articulación teórica propuesta en este ensayo. Como principales aportes de la perspectiva de Enseñanza para Comprensión de la Lógica Interna se estructuraron herramientas didácticas para mediar el proceso de enseñanza/aprendizaje partiendo de la relación sujeto/entorno. Además, se propuso una sistematización metodológica para organizar la práctica pedagógica para el desarrollo de la Enseñanza para la Comprensión de la Lógica Interna. Finalmente, se contextualiza la necesidad de nuevos estudios que busquen identificar cómo esta perspectiva ayuda a los docentes en el proceso de enseñanza-aprendizaje de los deportes.

Enhancing Multimodal Learning Through Traditional Sporting Games: Marro360°.

Different international organizations and initiatives highlight the contribution of the traditional sporting games (TSGs) to favor the diversity of knowledge, values, and attitudes necessary for today's society. TSG such as Marro trigger multimodal learning contexts (driving conducts, interpersonal and organic relationships), with great interest in the educational and sports initiation field. The purpose of two studies presented in this manuscript was to examine the 360° multimodal strategic intervention (decisional, relational, and organic) of two teams faced in a Marro game. For this study, a quasi-experimental design was used composed by a single test applied to two non-equivalent teams. Mixed methods were used with an observational methodology in Quadrant III: nomothetic, punctual, and multidimensional. Fourteen university students participated [mean (M) = 20.49, standard deviation (SD) = 2.18]. Three internal logic variables were studied: outcome, role, and subrole; and three variables referred to the dimensions of motor conduct: relationship, risk in the decision, and physical effort. A mixed ad hoc registration system was designed with acceptable margins of data quality. For Study 1, cross-tabulations and classification trees were applied, while for Study 2 strategic T-patterns were identified. The relevance of the scoreboard (p < 0.001; Effect Size = 0.386) and the realization of the role (p < 0.001; ES = 0.091) for the study of multimodal strategic chains in the Marro game were confirmed. The detection of regularities in specific interaction (Hunters against Hares) by Theme (p < 0.005) allowed for interpretation of the process of strategic conducts of both teams during the game. Knowing the strategic chains of playful coexistence among equals through a multimodal range of variables and approaches has revealed an unusual dynamic picture. The study provides scientific evidence for the physical education teacher on the dynamics of the game of Marro. The pedagogical application of these contributions must be made according to curricular interests.

Traditional Sporting Games as Emotional Communities: The Case of Alcover and Moll's Catalan-Valencian-Balearic Dictionary.

Learning to live together is the central concern of education everywhere in the world (UNESCO). Traditional sporting games (TSGs) provide interpersonal experiences that shape miniature communities charged with emotional meanings. The objective of this study was to analyze the ethnomotor features of TSG (relationship between the internal characteristics of the TSG and sociocultural variables) in three Catalan-speaking Autonomous Communities and to interpret them for constructing emotional communities. The study followed a phenomenological-interpretative paradigm. The identification of TSG was done by a hermeneutic methodological approach by using an exhaustive exploratory documentary research. We studied 503 games collected in the Dictionary Català-Valencià-Balear de Alcover and Moll (1926-1963). Instruments and procedure: A database was built up with information about the internal and external logic of the games. The validity of the information was confirmed by means of a concordance test between the researchers. Data processing was carried out by means of classification trees (inferential level), identifying the predictive variables of the types of TSG. Most of the TSGs were sociomotor games (n = 405/503; 80.5%). The classification tree identified four explanatory variables. Three variables were internal traits (body contact, material, and score), and one variable corresponded to external logic (age). Features of the TSG of the Catalan-speaking Autonomous Communities build original emotional communities. The ethnomotor regularities triggered emotional experiences associated with pleasure for (a) living together (predominance of sociomotor games); (b) domesticating of aggressiveness over opponents (different motor licit aggressiveness); (c) developing sustainability (presence and absence of objects from the surrounding environment); (d) educating the competition (games with and without final score); and (e) interpersonal well-being based on the community (transmission of ludic culture from children to young TSG).